TTX Kalashnikov hari bindiga, na'urar da manufar

Wannan labarin zai magance makamai na duniyar duniyar, wanda cigaban wannan ya nuna farkon zamanin da aka tsara a cikin makamai na gida. TTX na bindigar Kalashnikov ya inganta daga wannan samfurin zuwa wani, amma ka'idar aiki ba ta canza ba. Hadisai da mahaliccin ya shimfiɗa a cikin samfurinsa sun kasance wanda ba a iya warwarewa ba: inganci, amintacce, sauƙi da tsawon rai.

Tarihin ...

Wajibi ne don ci gaba da sabon samfurin makamai sakamakon sakamakon haɗin ginin majalisar wakilai na Hukumar Harkokin Jakadancin Amirka a Yuli 1943, inda aka samo samfurin na Jamus StG-44 da M1 Carbine na Amurka.

Kimanin wata daya daga baya, an halicci sabon katako na gwaji tare da caliber 7.62 x 41 mm, daga bisani an kwantar da katako don gyara, sakamakon haka, an canza kullun zuwa 7.62 x 39 mm.

Daga bisani, an sanar da wasu wasanni na zane-zane, wanda ya haifar da ci gaba da mashahuriyar fasaha.

A shekara ta 1947, an yanke shawarar fara samar da wani mai sarrafa kanta a Izhevsk. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, an yi amfani da nau'i biyu: AK na yau da kullin 7.62 mm da kuma samfurin tare da samfuri - AKC - na wannan ma'auni.

1959 alama an sake sakin ingantattun na'ura. Sakamakon da aka gano a yayin aikin da aka gyara, bisa ga na'ura TKB-517 da aka yi amfani da su, an yi amfani da bindigogi na TTX Kalashnikov da kuma bindigogi na farko a kan AKM.

Atomatik

An yi amfani da bindigogi na atomatik Kalashnikov, TTX da kuma manyan sassa daga wani samfurin samfurin zuwa wani don inganta yadda ya kamata, dacewa da ingantaccen darajar. Duk da haka, fasalin siffofin ba su canza ba.

Tun shiga sabis AK (Kalashnikov bindiga) 74, TTC kafa a wancan lokacin, ya zama masomin da maras tsayawa gaban zane ra'ayoyin. Nau'ikan da siffofi na buttstocks, siffar maɗauki, da tsawon tsayin ɗin ya canza. A jerin cell model (baya daga protrusions kayyade a bayoneti-wuka) jack da aka bayar don hawa a karkashin-ganga gurnati gabatarwa. Biyar-tsara atomatik (misali, AK-12) yana Pikattini tube, bayar don hawa daban-daban na kayan aiki, kamar Tantancewar ko kolimatornyh scopes, Laser gani ko tocila. Halin, manufar, TTX na bindigogi na Kalashnikov suna ingantawa kullum.

Sanya manyan sassa na samfurin

Yanzu wajibi ne a dakatar da kai tsaye a kan kowane bangare, domin kwakwalwa, wane ɓangare na hidima don abin da.

A ganga - ne aka yi nufi ga sunã shiryarwa da wani harsashi a lokacin da kora tace kai tsaye.

Mai karɓar - hidima a matsayin connector dukkan sassa da na'ura sunadaran, samar da ƙulli daga cikin ganga aron kusa da kulle karshen.

Mai karɓar cover - taimaka wa taimaka na ciki sassa na samfurin (sanya shi a cikin da mai karɓar) daga datti da kuma kasashen waje abubuwa.

A sighting na'urar - kunshi wani gaban gani da gani. An tsara shi don nuna ganga na bindigogi mai suna submachine a manufa don mafi tasiri harbi.

Butt - samar da wani dadi harbi tare da rike.

Hanya mai kunna - kunna hanyar daɗa da maɓallin jawowa. Hoto, a gefensa, ya aika da katako a cikin ɗakin, ya kulle gangar ganga, ya karya harsashi na capsule, ya kawar da rigar.

Komawa inji - yana ba da aron kusa m da kuma aron kusa ga ta asali (gaba) matsayi.

Gas tube da kuma handguard - kare hannuwanku daga konewa mashi da kuma kafa da shugabanci na gas fistan.

The jawo inji - jan jawo, dake a cikin cocked (fama) matsayi. Ya buga wa dan wasan kwallo, don haka ya tabbatar da cewa wuta ta tayar da wuta ko kuma harbe-harbe. Yana hidima don dakatar da wuta, sanya shi a cikin yanayin fuse, kuma yana hana katange lokacin da kulle kulle.

Handguard - hidima ga sauki riko da na'ura jiki da harbe-harben. Tare da bututu na gas yana kare ƙugiyar dabino daga ƙonawa.

Store - hidima ga adanar da shari harsashi na'ura da kuma ciyar a cikin ɗakin ga samfurin na harbe-harben a wani daban-daban matsayi.

Bayoneti - a cikin a haɗe wuri zuwa wani inji amfani a cikin bayoneti hari ko wani nau'i na low lamba yaƙi. Za a iya amfani dashi a matsayin wuka, a matsayin gani kuma a matsayin mai sukar waya.

TTX Kalashnikov AK-74 kuma ba kawai

A zamani model na Kalashnikov AK-74M yana da wadannan halaye: nauyin da samfurin da yake daidai 3.6 kg ba tare da harsasai, 3.9 kg - tsare, 5.8 kg - ba tare da harsasai, amma tare da shigar da dare hangen nesa gani NSPUM model gani irin NSPU- 3 shine dan kadan - kawai 0.1 kg.

Kasuwanci mara kyau yana kimanin 0.23 kg, kuma wuka bayoneti a waje da scabbard kawai 0.32 kg.

Tsawon na'ura mai nau'in mita 940 ne, kuma tare da bayoneti mai haɗi - 1089 mm. Tare da aikin da aka sanya, wannan adadi yana da darajar 943, kuma yana da nau'in nau'i - 704 millimeters. Tare da zuwan sababbin sababbin na'urori na TTX Kalashnikov suna fuskantar canji.

Tsawon ganga yana da 415 millimeters, tare da na'ura mai ƙwanƙwasa wanda aka shigar da ita kuma kawai 372 mm - ba tare da shi ba.

Nisa kuma wani ɓangare na tTX Kalashnikov hari bindiga. Yana da 70 millimeters daga samfurin samfurin. Tsawon shine 195 mm.

Ka'idar aiki ga dukan samfurori iri ɗaya ne - tsarin don kawar da iskar gas da ƙuƙwalwar ƙonawa - duk da canza daga samfurin guda zuwa wani TTX Kalashnikov.

5.45 - Caliber AK-74M na zamani.

TTX Kalashnikov AKS-74U da wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa

An harbe kayan bindiga na Kalashnikov - wannan shine raguwa ga sunan makami. Wannan fasali ne na taƙaitattun AK-74, wanda aka tsara don gudanar da aikin yaki a cikin karamin wuri: don samar da matakan soja a cikin yanayin zaman lafiya ko fada (misali, BTR-80), lissafta kowane irin bindigogi, da kuma saukowa. Yana tsaye a cikin makamai a cikin tsarin tsaro, ya tabbatar da kansa a cikin irin wannan saboda girmanta da nauyin nauyi.

Yana da nauyin kimanin 3 kg tare da katako da kilo 2.7 - ba tare da su ba. Nauyin kantin sayar da kaya shine 0.21 kg, an shigar da nauyin NSPUM mai auna 2.2 kg.

Tsawancin samfurin yana da 730 millimeters tare da kayan bazuwar, 490 - bi da bi, tare da folded. Tsawon gangar jikin shine 206 mm.

Rashin wutar yana bambanta daga 600 zuwa 700 na zagaye na biyu. Gidan da ke kewaye shi ne mita 500, amma tasiri - kawai mita 300.

Wani harsashi da aka buga daga AKS-74U yana iya samar da gudunmawar farko na 735 m / s.

Ayyukan AKS-74U

Bisa la'akari da yanayin da ake ciki a duniya don samar da samfurori da yawa na bindigogi na yanzu, masu tsara zanen na USSR a cikin shekarun 1970 sun kula da samar da samfurin karamin bindigogi na yanzu.

Idan aka kwatanta da fasalin asalin, "bushewa" (wani lokacin akwai juyi tare da wasika "h" a maimakon "sh") yana da siffofin da ke gaba:

• Wani akwati mai mahimmanci tare da mai kwakwalwa, wanda hakan ya zama mai kama da wuta;
• Gwanin gas na gas ya rage ta kusan sau biyu;
• Cire tsarin rage jinkirin wuta;
• Inganta tsarin daidaita yanayin jirgin saman harsashi tare da kututtukan truncated.

Abũbuwan amfãni

Babban fasalin ita ce tashar firgita mai mahimmanci irin wannan makami. Amma wannan ba shine kawai ba. Ya kamata a ambaci:

• Saboda ƙananan ƙananansa, ɓoye sanye yana yiwuwa;
• Tabbatacce, mai sauki kwakwalwa, mai tsabta da haɗaka;
• Babban ƙwarewa.

Abubuwa mara kyau

Duk da yawan karfin AKS-74U, samfurin yana da ƙananan ƙuntatawa. Wasu daga cikinsu suna kaiwa ga watsi da amfani da wannan makami, wasu suna buƙatar jaraba. Duk abin ya dogara ne da bukatun da damar mai shi.

• Da farko dai, ido mai tsabta yana da kyau sosai a daidaito idan aka kwatanta da asali na samfurin.
• Tsawon gani yana da ƙasa kaɗan, idan idan aka kwatanta da classic version of the machine.
• Low kashi na dakatar da aikin. Wannan kalma yana nuna alamar bullet, wanda ke ƙayyade ikon abokin gaba na ci gaba da duk wani aiki bayan an jefa wani harsashi. A wannan yanayin, mai nuna alamar wannan siginar yana hade da yin amfani da ma'auni na 5.45.
• Kayan samfurin ya karu da sauri saboda girman ƙananansa.

Kalashnikov ta atomatik a cikin al'ada

A wa] ansu} asashen Afrika, an bai wa jaririn suna "Kalash". Harsunan irin wannan suna suna da yawa.

Daya daga cikin masana'anan ya ce an ambaci shi ne bayan jaririn fim "minti 22" - wani ɗan fashi na Somaliya wanda ya taimaki dan takara.

Bisa ga wata mahimmanci, an yi iƙirarin cewa sunan ba shi da wani sananne ga bindiga na Kalashnikov, amma yana nufin wani abu a cikin harsunan gida.

Har ila yau, akwai fassarar addini, wanda aka samo asali a cikin addinai, bisa ga al'adar magajin kakanni. Wannan ra'ayi yana gudanar da kimanin kashi 16 cikin 100 na yawan jama'ar Afrika.

Bisa ga wannan fassarar, har yanzu bindigar Kalashnikov ta kasance sananne a duk faɗin duniya cewa yana da wuya a sanya wata ƙasa wadda ba za ta shafi ba. Musamman ma, a cikin rikice-rikice da makamai da kuma yanki na Afirka, ana amfani da makami.

A ƙarshe, ya zo ne cewa yawancin kabilun Afirka da suka yi amfani da sanannun "Kalash" sun gano wannan makami tare da ruhun babban kakannin, wanda zai iya cutar da kare shi. Saboda haka, lokacin da aka haifa yaro, sabili da haka jarumi, an kira shi "Kalash", saboda haka, mai nuna cewa mai karewa na gaba ya girma, goyon baya da bege na dukan iyalin.

Amma wannan abu ne kawai daga cikin masana.

A jerin kundin kungiyoyi masu yawa na daban, ana amfani da hotunan bindigogi na Kalashnikov.

A cikin waƙar "Dragunov" na Yaren mutanen Sweden Industrial Group Raubtier, ana kiran Kalashnikov da bindiga a cikin wadannan mahallin:

«Dragunov da Stolichnaya

Smirnoff da Kalashnikoff ».

Wannan aikace-aikacen sabon abu ne da aka samo wani bindiga na Kalashnikov. Na'urar, manufar, TTX a cikin wannan yanayin ba ta da hannu.

"Kalashnikov" a kan makamai na kasashen duniya

Wani shahararren mai sarrafa kanta yana samuwa ko gabatarwa a lokuta daban-daban a kan wasu makamai masu yawa. Alal misali, an yi amfani da shi a kan makamai da flag na Mozambique (tare da bayonet da aka haɗe), a cikin sheraldry na Jihar Zimbabwe, Burkina Faso daga 1987 zuwa 1997.

Tun daga shekarar 2007, ana amfani da jerin "Kalash" a kan makamai na Gabas Timor.

Har ila yau, ana amfani da shi a cikin alamomin "Matasan na Red Youth" - ƙungiyar Bolshevik na Kwaminisanci, na kowa a jihohin tsohon Amurka.

Rashin makamai na Kungiyar Harkokin Jakadancin Ukrainian, wanda aka kafa don kawar da rikice-rikicen gida a ƙasar Donbass, ya hada da bindigogi na Kalashnikov.