Tsarin isomers - shi ne cewa

A wannan labarin, za mu yi magana game da tsarin isomers, musamman su tsarin da iri isomerism. Mun bincika daki-daki, sabon abu na isomerism, kuma za a bayar da misalai na amfani a rayuwa.

The sabon abu na isomerism

Isomerism - musamman taron, predetermining da wanzuwar sinadaran. mahadi, wadanda mafi - isomer mahadi tare da m qagaggun da kwayoyin kaya masu nauyi daga kwayoyin halitta da ciwon bambanci a cikin atomic tsari a sarari ko kuma a cikin tsarin, abu zuwa canji da kuma saye da daban-daban, sabon Properties. Tsarin isomers - ne abubuwa kafa saboda irin wannan canji a cikin matsayin na kwayoyin halitta a sarari, wanda za a tattauna a kasa a more daki-daki.

Da yake jawabi na isomerism, yana da daraja tunawa da wanzuwar irin wannan wani tsari, kamar yadda na isomerization, wanda shi ne wani tsari na mulki daga isomer zuwa wani a sakamakon da sinadaran. rikirkida.

iri isomerism

Isomerism valence - wani irin isomer tsarin da, a cikinsu translation isomers kansu (daya zuwa wani) mai yiwuwa ne a sakamakon redistribution na valence shaidu.

Isomerism ne halin da ake ciki tare da wannan irin abubuwa carbon kwarangwal amma daban-daban functionalities matsayi. A daukan hankali misali ne 2- kuma 4-chlorobutane acid.

Interclass isomerism ya ɓõye ta bambanci tsakanin isomers a cikin yanayi na aikin kungiyoyin.

Metamerism - rarraba mukamai na carbon atoms tsakanin yawan carbon radicals, heteroatom kwayoyin hidima SEPARATOR. Wannan irin isomerism halayyar amines, thioalcohols, esters, duka biyu sauki da kuma hadaddun.

Isomerism carbon kwarangwal - An yi tsayayya da matsayi carbon atoms, kuma mafi daidai da oda. Ga misali: phenanthrene da anthracene da janar dabara S14N10, amma wani daban-daban irin redistribution na valence shaidu.

tsarin isomers

Tsarin isomers - suna da abubuwa da ciwon da irin wannan tsarin na fili da dabara, amma ya bambanta a kwayoyin dabara. Tsarin isomers - da irin wannan abubuwa, waxanda ake m ga juna a gwada yawa da kuma gwajin kwari qagaggun, amma domin na atomic bonding (sinadaran tsarin) yana da bambance-bambance.

Tsarin isomers suna classified da irin Yanar gizo tsarin, irin wanda ake bai wa sama a sakin layi a kan irin isomerism.

Tsarin dabara isomer abu yana da fadi da kewayon gyare-gyare. Wasu misalai na isomerism iya zama abubuwa irin butanoic acid, 2-methylpropanoic acid, methyl propionate, dioxane, ethyl acetate, isopropyl formate da m abun da ke ciki na dukkan iri uku atoms hada da abubuwa, amma ya bambanta a matsayin kwayoyin halitta a fili.

Wani karin misali na isomerism - shi ne kasancewar pentane, neopentane da isopentane.

sunayen isomers

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, tsarin isomers - suna da abubuwa da ciwon da irin wannan tsarin na fili da dabara, amma ya bambanta a kwayoyin dabara. Irin wannan mahadi da rarrabuwa wanda yayi dace da fasali na dũkiyõyinsu, tsarin da matsayi na kwayoyin halitta a cikin kwayoyin isomer, da bambance-bambance a cikin adadin aikin kungiyoyin valence shaidu, da gaban sunadaran da wani kashi a cikin abu, da dai sauransu Names tsarin isomers samu a daban-daban hanyoyi. Bari ta la'akari da misalin 3-methylbutanol 1 a matsayin wakilin alcohols.

A cikin hali na alcohols a shiri na alcohols dukkan sunayen fara da selection na carbon sarkar wanda shi ne rinjaye, da lambobin da aka za'ayi, da manufar wanda - da aiki na OH kungiyar da ta fi ƙanƙanta, zai yiwu lambobin ba domin. Sunan kanta fara da za a sauya tare da carbon sarkar, bi da sunan babban kewaye, sa'an nan kuma kara da kari na baya baki-ol, da kuma lambobin nuna carbon zarra bonded zuwa OH kungiyar.