Thermobaric makamai. Injin bam. Modern Rasha makamai

Samar da wani madadin makami, m a cikin iko tare da makaman nukiliya ragargaza, yana daga cikin mafi alamar yankunan da tsaro sassan na ci-gaba ƙasashe. High kasada na muhalli da bala'i suna tilasta su duba ga sauran ka'idojin shan kashi, dauke da shi mai kauri yankunan da sakamako. A ra'ayin thermobaric makamai da kuma injin hadu da wadannan sigogi, domin shi ba ya unsa halittar radiation daukan hotuna. A farko gwaje-gwaje, da kuma amfani da ko volumetric bama-bamai sun riga sun faru a tsakiyar karni na karshe, kuma a yau ne rayayye aiki don inganta su. Rasha developers a 'yan shekarun sanya samu babban ci gaba a cikin wannan shugabanci, kyale ka don ƙirƙirar wani tasiri thermobaric makamai, ba na baya zuwa Yammacin takwarorinsu.

A qa'ida ta volumetric fashewa

Don gane da yadda wani thermobaric bam, za ka iya karatu a daki-daki, abun da ke ciki da kuma sunadarai halayen da faruwa a lokacin da kunnawa. A bayyane yake da sakamakon aikin da wannan makami fiye da sau daya "nuna" a cikin gida Enterprises, a lokacin da ya hura tashi masana'antu da kuma Mills da mahakar kwal karafa, aiki na raw sugar, kuma ko da a cikin talakawa sassaƙa. A general, da dabara na fashewa za a iya wakilta a matsayin walai daga tara combustible turɓãya, wanda ambaliyar ruwa da sarari. Bugu da ƙari, wata gas fashewa a talakawa gidajensu za a iya sa a jere tare da irin wannan mamaki - kuma ya aikata thermobaric bam. Makamai da irin wannan siffofin da aerosol girgije, wanda baya samar da wani mutuwa sakamako.

Bambance-bambance daga makaman nukiliya

Manyan-zamo harsasai ga mataki na injin ikon bam za a iya kwatanta ta da makaman nukiliya warheads dabara. Duk da haka, thermobaric bama-bayan shan kashi bai bar baya da wani radiation filin. Bugu da kari, babban kundin na fashewar cakuda da aka yi amfani da injin da bama-bamai, samar da wani babban mataki na korau matsa lamba rabin-tãguwar ruwa. A cewar wannan nuna alama na makaman nukiliya, wanda suka sha kaye, ya mayar da hankali a kan radiation effects, ta yi hasarar thermobaric takwarorinsu.

Har ila yau bugu kalaman a lokacin da fashewar bama-bamai da kundinta da kuma akwai wani babban matakin burnup oxygen. Irin wannan fashewar ba samar da wani injin a cikin ɗaukar hoto yanki - wannan factor Yanã shigar da shubuha ra'ayi na masana ga sakawa na da girma da fashewar abubuwa a matsayin wani injin.

Ikon yuwuwar na injin ragargaza

A da iko injin bama-bamai ne ba na baya zuwa ci-gaba da model da kuma gyare-gyare na gargajiya makaman kare dangi. Warheads a cikin irin gidaje ne iya samar da buga taguwar ruwa a cikin abin da index of overpressure ne game 3000 kPa. Idan muka yi magana game da yadda za a injin bam manufa daban-daban daga abin da thermobaric analogs, yana da muhimmanci a lura da halittar kusan bã tãre da iska bayan fashewa da yanayi. Irin wannan digo a matsa lamba ne iya karya duk da cewa shi ne a tsakiyar: wurare, kayan aiki, kayan aiki, mutane, da dai sauransu ...

m cika

A warheads amfani a thermobaric bama-bamai, m aka gyara an ba amfani. Su aka maye gurbinsu da gaseous abubuwa, da samar da wani tura kalaman, wanda shi ne sau da yawa fiye da fashewa a nukiliya bam, sanye take da matsananci-low zargin. Wadannan abubuwa ana amfani da matsayin man fetur cika:

• jinsunan flammable gas.
• man fetur tururi hydrocarbon-tushen kayayyakin.
• wasu abubuwa iya konewa, pulverized a jihar na ƙura.

Don kunna dangi a wasu lokuta ake bukata da kuma na yanayi iska. Duk da yawan abũbuwan amfãni a kan makaman nukiliya da bama-bamai, shi ne wani makami ne mai iko ba ya bukatar wani daidai tsanani sadaukar da kuma} o} arin samu mafi kyau duka abun da ke ciki.

buga manufa

Fashewar halitta bayan da cika a cikin gaseous wuta. Da amfani da aka gyara a sau kasa da ake bukata domin ayukan iska mai ƙarfi da bama-bamai irin wannan damar. Lokacin da cajin ya kai wani so tsawo, ƙãre cakuda ne fesa. A lokacin samun ganiya size gas girgije aka yi kunna detonator. Sa'an nan ya gane volumetric fashewa, wadda take kaiwa da kuma buga kalaman. Abin lura shi ne cewa na biyu duka daga iska ya kwarara ya wuce da damar da farko - wannan ya faru riga bayan wani wuri da aka kafa.

dalilai kashi

Lethality munition dogara a kan fireball kafa a lokacin da fashewa. Lokacin amfani da injin thermal makami sakamako a kan bude yankin, yawanci yakan faru kai tsaye a cikin manufa sashi na m (mataki konewa) a nesa wadda aka ƙaddara ta sigogi na fireball. A wannan girmamawa, da fashewa a nukiliya bam ne ba kamar yadda tasiri tun shi damar da ƙasa da zafin sakamako bayan aiwatar (ba shakka, ba a ma maganar da sakamako na radiation). An yanki a cikinsa makawa mutum raunuka daga buga tãguwar ruwa kullum fiye da radius daga cikin thermal rauni. Duk da haka, shi ne quite halitta da kuma rage yadda ya dace tasiri da karfi na gwargwado ga karuwa daga cikin nesa daga cibiyar. Rage matsa lamba da kuma rage m rauni.

A amfani a wuri aya

A mafi girma yadda ya dace da injin bam ya nuna a tsare sarari. A ƙarfi daga cikin bugu kalaman mataki, suna goyon bayan da shan kashi na fireball, za a iya shawo kan sasanninta, kuma je wurin da ba shi yiwuwa a yada, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa. sirri m kayan aiki, daban-daban shinge da kuma barricades, ba a ma maganar da ganuwar za su iya aiki wani shãmaki zuwa gargajiya da bama-bamai, yayin da thermobaric makami bypasses wadannan shinge. Bugu da ƙari kuma, ƙarfina ya inganta idan akwai wani tunani kalaman daga saman. Wani abu shi ne cewa da shan kashi na sakamako iya bambanta dangane da daban-daban dalilai.

Saboda haka, a cikin wata iyaka sarari bam yankunan da sakamako ƙaruwa saboda kara matsa lamba buga kalaman. Saboda haka, yana da bu mai kyau don amfani da wannan makami a da shan kashi na bunkers, kogwanni, fortifications, da kuma sauran rufaffiyar abubuwa.

Aviation injin bam

A ra'ayi na injin warheads a halin yanzu ya nuna mafi girma sakamakon a cikin aji bama-bamai. A irin wannan na'urorin, wadannan gine-gine da aka zaci: hanci yankin qunshi a high-tech haska, abin da hidima ga kunnawa da rabuwa da combustible cakuda. Kan aiwatar da kafa m girgije yana farawa nan da nan bayan da saiti da aka yi da wani electromagnetic na'urar. Kunna aerosol haka yake shiga a cikin gas-iska abu wanda fashe a wani m preselected lokaci.

Rasha model thermobaric makamai

Don kwanan wata, thermobaric arsenal na sojojin Rasha (fãce bam prototypes) ya hada da roka harshen thrower "ma'aikacin kotu", a gurnati TBG-7, a tsarin na makami mai linzami hadaddun "ƙaho", kazalika da makamai masu linzami da RShG-1.

Musamman da hankali ne ba nauyi flamethrower tsarin "Pinocchio." Yana da wani saje tank da kafuwa domin gudanar da roka launchers. A mataki a aiwatar da wannan manufa spraying da kuma fashewa da combustible cakuda kafa a aiwatar da wanda kuma buga kalaman. Ko da yake kunnawa da fashewar cika a cikin wannan hadadden ne kwantantuwa tare da m mallaki thermobaric makami da sauran combustibles (3000 gaban 9000 m / s), da inganci da sakamakon kuɓutar da kayar wannan shortcoming. Idan aka kwatanta da takwarorina, flamethrower tsarin aiki tare da manyan radius kuma sannu a hankali fades.

Ciko "Buratino" qunshi wani ruwa da kuma hur karfe (hade propyl nitrate da magnesium foda). A dako jirgin abubuwa aka haxa har uniform, tare da sakamakon da bayar da wani iska-gas cakuda.

Inganta makaman nukiliya

Duk da gamayyar kasa da kasa ta sadaukar da ya dauki mataki don sarrafa da kuma rage total nukiliya iya aiki, da muhimmancin wadannan makamai har yanzu suna dacewa.

Shugabanci na nan gaba ci gaba ne yafi mayar da hankali a kan na tsarin jijiya tasiri, wanda rinjayar rayayyun kwayoyin halitta. Kwararru kuma yi nazari a kan yiwuwar yin amfani da gamma-radiation, wanda gusar da bukatar da fission tafiyar matakai. Alal misali, nuclei na hafnium iya zama mai iko bam, wanda a cikin wannan yanayin zai yi wani dada size. Irin wannan babban iko m aka samu saboda gaskiyar cewa a lokacin da fashewa da barbashi ne a wani babban jihar - don kwatanta, da fama ikon 1 gram na hafnium a ganiya cajin jihar daidai da dubun kg na trinitrotoluene.

The iyali na zamani da makaman nukiliya hada sanadin motsi, X-ray, kuma obin na lantarki Laser tsarin. Sun kuma yi amfani da makaman nukiliya famfo, mikawa da hanyoyi da kuma nisan da raunuka.

magunguna

A ci gaba na nukiliya damar a dama da kasashen, guda biyu tare da ingantattun yi da kuma kara da hallakaswa mataki kiwata bukatar karin nagartaccen tsaron gida tsarin. A wannan ɓangare na aikin daukan la'akari da ka'idojin a kan wanda ya haifar da sabon bama-bamai da kuma lalata effects. Alal misali, ya dauke da amfani da neutron juyi, gamma sigogi da electromagnetic radiation. Underway wajen samar da sabon hanyar resection na fashe, aunawa da kuma saka idanu na baya radiation, deactivation hanyoyin da rigakafin neuronal daukan hotuna.

A daidai wannan lokaci ba mu daina aiki a kan inganta da ingancin da na gama da mutum tsaro. Wannan musamman ya shafi kariya da makamai masu guba. Dangane da halaye na mai guba jamiái samar da hanyoyin da decontamination da m magani wuri don kula da muhalli aminci. High-tech m makami babban mafi kalubale. Alal misali, akwai matsaloli a cikin kungiyar na matakan tabbatar da tsaron lafiyar masana'antu gidaje na high-daidaici makamai. A wannan batun, babban girmamawa ne a kan masking abubuwa, da kuma rage da yiwuwar su declassification.

zamani makamai

A lokacin, akwai fagage daban-daban na soja da bincike a kan halittar fundamentally sababbin dabaru don yãƙi. Daga cikin su Ft Irfan, barbashi katako, Laser makamai, kazalika da sauran Concepts na high-tech na'urorin da cewa zai iya shafar jikin mutum, watse kankare da karfe shinge.

Daga cikin mafi alamar Concepts za a iya lura totur m makami, wanda shi ne wani alama na horo na musamman da accelerating gaɓũɓuwa, wadda za ta fadada shirin na ta aikace-aikace. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin ayyukan, da nufin ba kawai don amfani cikin yanayi, amma kuma a sarari. Prototypes na irin wannan na'urorin ya iya gwada wa commissioning a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.

A cikin wannan rukunin, kamar daidaici makamai ne dangana da electromagnetic makamai. Su mataki ne ma nufin takamaiman abubuwa, kamar yadda mai mulkin, da samar da makamashi hadaddun maƙiyi. A lokaci guda sun kuma za a iya amfani da a matsayin wani makami na wani mutum, haddasa m effects.

ƙarshe

A karshe shekarun da suka gabata na makaman nukiliya da aka gani a matsayin mafi munin na bil'adama. Wannan gaskiya ne, kuma amma m monitoring a hade tare da dakile matakan ware ko da msar tambayar yiwuwar wani duniya bala'i a sakamakon da amfani. A wannan batun, wani real kayan aiki na ikon mataki zama thermobaric makami da za a iya gaskiya da ake gani mafi iko maras makaman nukiliya.

Concept volumetric fashewar sami yin amfani da kananan makamai, da kuma saboda da tasiri mataki a tsare sarari zama daidai da mataimaki a cikin na musamman ayyukan, bisa ga ka'idojin da aka gina da kuma dabara ayyuka a cikin halin yanzu rikici. Hakika, da sabon aukuwa ba iyakance ga wannan shugabanci - na tsarin jijiya, Laser, electromagnetic da ultrasonic samfur makamai, ba shakka, a cikin shekaru masu zuwa za su canza fahimtar da dabara ayyuka a fagen yaƙi. Rasha cikin sharuddan soja fasaha ci gaba ba na baya zuwa Yammacin fafatawa a gasa, rufe duk da ci-gaba shugabanci da kuma masu tasowa da isasshen sabon lokaci kariya sunadaran.