Taimakon kuɗi

Tallafin kudi, ko kuma, kamar yadda aka kira shi, haɗin kudi yana da wani rabo na asusun da aka bashi ga dukiyar kuɗi na kamfanin. Wannan alamar yana ba ka damar tantance darajar zaman lafiya da haɗarin kamfani. Fiye da darajarta ta ƙasaita, ƙarfafawar kamfanin yana ji a yanayin kasuwancin yanzu. Duk da haka, ikon karbar basira ga kowane kamfani shine maganin matsalolin da suka taso kuma don samun karin riba, wato, karuwa a riba.

Sunan wannan lokaci ya zo mana daga harshen Ingilishi, kalmar nan "leverage" za a iya fassara shi a matsayin lever ko hanyar cimma sakamakon. Wannan wani lamari ne, karamin haɓaka shi yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan alamun da suke haɗuwa da ita.

Samun kuɗin da aka samo asali yana hade da wani haɗari. Me yasa kamfanoni ke tafiya don wannan, saboda zaka iya sarrafa dukiyar ku? Gaskiyar ita ce, cinikin kudi yana ba ka damar samun ƙarin riba, idan har yawancin kuɗin kuɗin da aka samu ya fi girma daga ribar kuɗin. Ƙarin yawan jari da ke samuwa ga manyan kamfanoni na kamfanin, mafi yawan fannonin zuba jari. Duk da haka, ya kamata a riƙa tunawa da kullum cewa ba kamar ƙididdigar ba, biya don amfani da kuɗin kuɗi ya kamata a yi a cikin lokaci da cikakken tsari.

Coefficient kudi yin amfani da aka lasafta ta da dabara:

KFL = NS / SC, inda

NZ - bashin bashi;

SS - mallakin kuɗi.

Net wajen samo - ne total darajar bashin bankuna da kuma overdraft net na tsabar kudi da harkokin kasuwanci da kuma sauran ruwa dukiya.

Own kudi - ne adadin bayar da biya-up rabo babban birnin kasar lasafta a kan maras muhimmanci farashin hannun jari, da cikakken albashi da sauran tara reserves, tare da ƙarin babban birnin kasar, idan wani a cikin sha'anin.

Ƙididdigar da ke ƙayyade bashin kudi yana ƙididdigewa ta amfani da samfurin 5-factor:

KFL = (bashi dukiyar kuɗi / dukiyar kuɗi): (yawan kuɗin da aka tanada / dukiyar dukiyar kuɗi): (dukiyoyin dukiyoyin da ke gudana a yau): (darajan kayan aiki na yau da kullum)

A cikin rukunin Rasha, haɓaka kudi, dangane da tushen bayanai, an kimanta ta amfani da ɗayan hanyoyin da yawa:

1. A cewar bayanan lissafi.

A wannan yanayin kawai ana karɓar bashi na dogon lokaci, kuma ba a la'akari da rancen kuɗi na gajeren lokaci. Ƙimar mahimmanci na mahaɗin daidai yake da ɗaya, kuma nauyin zabin ya nuna cewa ƙwarewar yana da rinjaye ta hanyar kansa.

2. Bisa ga rahoton asusu (riba da asarar asusun).

A cikin wannan hanya, ana amfani da takamamme biyu, dangane da ko akwai tarihin tarihi don lissafi. Idan haka ne, lissafi kamar haka:

PL = ΔPP / ΔOP, inda

FL - haɗin kudi;

ΔЧП - canji na ribar riba;

ΔОП - canza a cikin ribar aiki.

Idan ba a samo bayanan tarihin ba, to ana amfani da wannan ma'anar:

DFL = OP / (OP-P), inda

DFL - labarun kudi;

OP - ribar aiki;

P - adadin sha'awa akan bashi da aro.

Matsakaicin darajar mai nuna alama ta wannan hanya ita ce.

3. Dangane da shawarwari masu amfani.

A wannan yanayin, adadin duk wajibai, ko da la'akari da lokacin, an haɗa su a cikin abin da ke cikin kuɗin da aka karɓa.

A sakamakon kudi yin amfani - shi ne wani muhimmin siga da damar don yin gwada yawa kima na amfani na aro kudi. An ƙaddara ta hanyar dabara a ƙasa:

EFL = (1 - NP) * (KR - CK) * SQ / CK, inda:

EFL - sakamakon binciken da ake bukata na kudi,%;

NP - gidan goma tsarin rubutu samun kudin shiga da haraji rates .

KR - yawan kuɗin dukiyar dukiya na kamfanin,%.

Ck - yawan kuɗin da ake amfani da shi akan bashi,%.

ZK - darajan kuɗin da aka bashi.

SC - darajar adalci.