Tabbatar da dalilin da huhu kan iyakoki. Iyakoki na huhu ne na al'ada (Table)

Tabbatar da dalilin da huhu iyakar da muhimmanci ga ganewar asali da yawa pathological yanayi. A ikon gane feat. Irfan kirji hijirar a ko dai shugabanci damar riga a lokacin jarrabawa na haƙuri ba tare da yin amfani da ƙarin fasahohi (musamman, X-ray) zuwa zargin kasancewar wani musamman cuta.

Yadda za a auna hasken iyakar?

Hakika, za ka iya amfani da instrumental hanyoyin da ganewar asali, sa an X-ray, kuma ga shi a tantance yadda located in mun gwada haske kashi kwarangwal kirji. Duk da haka, wannan ne mafi kyau aikata ba tare da fallasa da haƙuri ga radiation. Tabbatar da dalilin da huhu iyaka ne da za'ayi a mataki dubawa Hanyar topographic feat. Irfan. Mene ne wannan? Feat. Irfan - wani binciken dangane da ganewa na sauti na wani tapping a farfajiya na jiki. The sauti dabam dangane da wannan yanki na bincike da ke faruwa. A parenchymal gabobin (hanta) da kuma tsokoki, sai ya jũya a kurãme kan m gabobin (hanjinsu) - tympanic, kuma sama da iska-cika huhu yakan mallaki muhimmanci na musamman (na huhu feat. Irfan sauti).

Wannan binciken da aka yi kamar haka. Daya bangaren da aka sanya a kan dabino yanki na gudanar da bincike, biyu ko yatsa daya daga cikin biyu hannun buga yatsan tsakiya farko (plessimetru) kamar guduma a kan wani maƙera. A sakamakon haka, za ka iya ji daya daga cikin bambance-bambancen karatu na feat. Irfan sauti, wanda aka riga aka ambata a sama.

Feat. Irfan aka kamanta (sauti kiyasta a tsakaitã yankunan da kirji) da kuma topographic. A karshen ne daidai aka yi nufi ga ayyana iyakoki na huhu.

Yadda za a gudanar da wani topographical feat. Irfan?

Yatsa-plessimetr kafa wani batu a wadda nazarin fara (msl, a lokacin da ma'ana babba iyakar gaban farfajiya na wani haske ta fara a kan tsakiyar ɓangare na clavicle), sa'an nan motsa zuwa wani batu inda wannan m girma dole ƙare. Iyakar aka bayyana a cikin yankin inda wani huhu feat. Irfan sauti zama maras ban sha'awa. Yatsa-plessimetr domin saukaka nazari dole ne karya layi daya da ake so iyaka. Mataki hijirar ne kamar 1 cm. Topographic feat. Irfan, sabanin da kamanta, m yi (m), tapping.

sama da iyaka

Matsayin da haske fi kimanta biyu da gaba da raya. A gaban surface daga cikin kirji landmark hidima clavicle a baya - ta bakwai mahaifa vertebra (shi yana da dogon spinous aiwatar da abin da zai iya zama da sauƙi rarrabe daga sauran vertebrae).

A babba iyaka daga cikin huhu suna located in na kullum kamar haka:

• Front matakin sama da clavicle 30-40 mm.
• Bayan kullum ja ruwa tare da bakwai mahaifa vertebra.

A binciken da ya kamata a za'ayi kamar haka:

1. Front-plessimetr yatsa aka sanya sama da karankarma (game da tsakiyar ta tsinkaya), sa'an nan motsa har da zuwa ciki, yayin da feat. Irfan sauti ba zai zama maras ban sha'awa.
2. Bayan binciken fara daga tsakiyar ruwa kashin baya, sa'an nan kuma yatsa-plessimetr canja zuwa gaba kamar yadda haka ya zama a gefe na bakwai mahaifa vertebra. Feat. Irfan aka yi har a thud.

Biya diyya babba huhu kan iyakoki

Biya diyya iyakoki har ya auku saboda matsanancin lightness huhu nama. Irin wannan yanayin halayyar emphysema - wata cuta a cikin abin da Alveoli ganuwar hyperextension, a wasu lokuta, da kuma su wulakanci tare da samuwar cavities (Bull). Canje-canje a cikin huhu a emphysema ne babu ja, Alveoli kumbura ikon rushe rasa elasticity rage-rage da cika fuska.

Iyakoki na mutum huhu (a cikin wannan harka da iyaka saman) da kuma za a iya gudun hijira zuwa ƙasa. Wannan shi ne saboda wani karu a airiness na huhu nama, a yanayin ne wata ãyã daga kumburi ko makamantanta (girma na connective nama da kuma scarring na huhu). Iyakoki na huhu (babba) located kasa da al'ada matakin, - diagnostic fasalin pathologies kamar tarin fuka, ciwon huhu, na huhu fibrosis.

ƙananan iyaka

Don auna shi wajibi ne don sanin babban topographic Lines daga cikin kirji. The hanyar dogara ne a kan kawar da na ce makamai bincike Lines daga sama zuwa kasa kafin canji a huhu feat. Irfan sauti obtuse. Ya kamata kuma a san cewa gaban iyaka da bar huhu ba tsakaitã dama ta gaban aljihu domin zuciya. Front ƙananan huhu iyaka ne m wani layin mikawa tare da kaikaice surface na sternum, da kuma layin da ke sauka saukar daga tsakiyar clavicle.

Side muhimmanci pointers ne uku axillary layi - gaba, tsakiya da kuma raya, wanda ya fara daga gaban gefe, cibiyar da kuma raya gefuna daidai da axilla. Rear haske yankin ne m dangi da layin saukowa daga ruwa kwana da layin located a gefe na kashin baya.

Hijirar na ƙananan iyakoki na huhu

Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin aiwatar da numfasawa girma na jiki da aka canza. Saboda haka, da ƙananan iyakar al'ada huhu gudun hijira 20-40 mm sama da kasa. M canji da matsayi na iyaka na nuni da cutar aiwatar a kirji ko ciki. Light wuce kima karuwa a emphysema, wanda results a cikin wani hadin iyaka hijirar zuwa ƙasa. Sauran haddasawa iya zama diaphragm hypotension da alama ptosis na ciki gabobin. Ƙananan iyakar da aka canja zuwa ƙasa a gefe daya a cikin hali na compensatory fadada daga cikin lafiya huhu, a lokacin da na biyu ne a cikin barci jihar a sakamakon, misali, jimlar pneumothorax, hydrothorax, da dai sauransu ..

Haske a sama da kan iyaka motsi kullum saboda shrinkage na karshen (na huhu fibrosis), da rabo daga lalace a sakamakon Bronchial toshewa, jari na ruwa a cikin pleural rami (haifar da huhu fadi da ake son zuciya da tushen). Pathological yanayi a kogon ciki ma iya kau da na huhu iyakokin upwardly misali, jari na ruwa (ascites) ko iska (a lokacin da m sashin jiki perforation).

Iyakoki na huhu ne na al'ada: tebur

Location daga cikin manya huhu da iyaka da aka bayyana a sama.

Canza a cikin ilimin halittar jiki

A astenikov huhu suna miƙa a tsaye shugabanci, don haka sau da yawa suka fada dan kadan a kasa da kullum yarda na kullum, kawo karshen ba a gefuna da kuma a cikin intercostal sarari. Domin hypersthenics, da bambanci, shi ne halin da babban matsayi na kasa kan iyaka. Huhu da m kuma mĩƙe siffar.

Ta yaya ne iyakoki na huhu a wani yaro?

Tsananin magana, da huhu iyaka a yara kusan dace ga waɗanda na fara tasawa. The fi na jiki a cikin yara, ba tukuna kai makaranta shekaru, ba a bayyana. Daga baya suka gano a gaban 20-40 mm sama da midpoint na clavicle, a baya - a matakin na bakwai mahaifa vertebra.

Location of ƙananan haddi dauke a cikin tebur a kasa.

A Sanadin kawar da huhu Iyakokin yara sama ko ƙasa dangane da al'ada dabi'u ne guda kamar yadda a cikin manya.

Ta yaya domin sanin da motsi na da ƙananan baki na jiki?

Mun riga mun ambata cewa a lokacin da numfashi ƙananan suna iyaka canja dangi zuwa al'ada rates saboda fadada daga cikin huhu zuwa sha taba da kuma exhale raguwa. Yadda aka saba, wannan wani motsi ne zai yiwu a cikin kewayon 20-40 mm sama daga cikin ƙananan iyaka da kuma guda downwardly.

Tabbatar da dalilin motsi dauki a kan uku main Lines fara daga tsakiyar clavicle, cibiyar axilla da ruwa kwana. A binciken da aka gudanar kamar haka. Da farko, sanin da matsayi na ƙananan iyaka da kuma yin lamba a kan fata (iya rike). Sa'an nan da mãsu haƙuri aka tambaye su sha taba warai kuma ku yi numfashi, sa'an nan a sake samun wani m shinge, da kuma yin lamba. A karshe sanin matsayin wani haske a kalla exhalation. Yanzu, mayar da hankali a kan alama, za ka iya yin hukunci a yadda haske motsa dangi zuwa ta ƙananan iyaka.

A wasu cututtuka na huhu da aka rage muhimmanci motsi. Alal misali, wannan ya auku a lokacin da wani babban yawan zangarniya ko exudate a pleural kogo, da asarar elasticity daga cikin huhu a emphysema da sauransu.

Matsalolin a gudanar da topographic feat. Irfan

Wannan hanya na gudanar da bincike ba sauki da kuma bukatar wasu fasaha, amma m - kuma ko da kwarewa. Matsalolin tasowa a lokacin ta amfani, fiye da dangantaka da ba daidai ba aiwatar da dabara. Game da sifofin da za a iya haifar da matsaloli bincike, yafi a mai tsanani kiba. A general, mafi sauki yin a kan feat. Irfan astenik. The sauti ne bayyanannu, kuma m. Me ya kamata a yi domin sanin iyakoki na huhu ba tare da wahala?

1. San daidai inda yake da kuma abin da shi ne za ka bukatar ka dubi waje. Good msar tambayar horo - manyan nasarori.
2. Matsar daga wani sarari sauti zuwa wawa.
3. Yatsa-plessimetr dole ne karya layi daya da tsare iyaka, shi ya kamata ya motsa perpendicular zuwa gare shi.
4. Da makamai ya kamata a annashuwa. Feat. Irfan ba ya bukatar yawa kokarin.

Kuma, ba shakka, da muhimmanci sosai kwarewa. Yi ba amincewa.

don takaita

Feat. Irfan - da muhimmanci sosai cikin sharuddan da bincike Hanyar bincike. Yana ba ka damar zargin da yawa pathological yanayi na kirji. Karkacewa daga haske daga iyakoki na al'ada dabi'u, illa motsi na ƙananan baki - bayyanar cututtuka na wasu tsanani cututtuka, dace ganewar asali na wanda yana da muhimmanci ga tasiri magani.