Smolensk kagara: hasumiyar, siffarsu. Thunder Smolensk sansanin soja hasumiya

Smolensk birni kewaye da garun da hasumiyarki. Sau da yawa shi ne wani USAID na na da Rasha kira Smolensk Kremlin, "Abun Wuya na Rasha ƙasar." Up zuwa yanzu kawai kai rabin gina USAID, amma wannan al'amari kawai in ji da fara'a na tarihi abin tunawa daga amincin.

daga tarihi

A cikin sau Ivana Groznogo a wannan wuri akwai wani katako Fort tare da maginin babbar katanga. Amma tare da ci gaban manyan bindigogi katako ganuwar iya tsayayya da abokan gaba, kamar yadda shi ya kasance kafin.

Smolensk ya kasance kullum wani muhimmin tunani batu a Rasha da kuma sau da yawa ana kai hari da maƙiyan, sai shugabanni suna ko da yaushe dauka kula da ta gabatarwa. By umurnin Fedora Ioannovicha a 1595 ya fara gina dukan sojojin na Jihar Moscow dutse gini, wanda daga baya ya zama sananne a matsayin Smolensk sansanin soja da tsaron gida kusurwa da kuma matsakaici hasumiyarki.

Wannan babban ginin da aka yi amfani da karo na farko a cikin tarihin na aiki 30,000 salaried ma'aikata. A lura da wannan babbar yi aikin Fyodor Kon. A dutse ganuwar da aka gina domin 6 shekaru. Su tsawo ya kai 18 m, kauri - 6 m. A lokacin, da more iko da ganuwar da basu wanzu a Rasha. A total kewaye tsawon kasance 6.5 km. Bugu da kari ga ganuwar da aka gina da kuma Hasumiyar Smolensk sansanin soja a cikin adadin 38 guda. Amma, sun kasance uku-tiered, a tsawo na 22 zuwa 33 m.

Smolensk sansanin soja hasumiya

Sun rike wani wuri na musamman a cikin Smolensk sansanin soja. Shi ne ta hanyar wadannan ayyuka za a iya za'ayi:

1. Kallo.
2. Tsaye wuta.
3. Kariya ƙofar.
4. Tsari sojojin da sauransu.

Ban sha'awa al'amari: The Smolensk Kremlin ba su da wani daga cikin wannan hasumiya. A tsawo da kuma siffar hasumiya dogara a kan topography da wuri. A kayayyaki sun 9 ƙofofi. Home wucewa hasumiyar - "Frolov". Ta hanyar da shi za ka iya samun zuwa babban birnin na Rasha jihar. Na biyu mafi muhimmanci - a "Molohovskaya" hasumiya, shi ya buɗe hanyar zuwa Kiev, Roslavl da sauransu.

Sauran hasumiyai aka sanya mafi sauki. 13 gine-gine kasance gaba daya makafi, da ciwon rectangular siffar, da hasumiya, suka shestnadtsatigrannymi 7 da 9 - zagaye.

Juriya da kuma 'yan adawa ga Smolensk sansanin soja

A lokacin da Rasha-Polish yaki a cikin 18th karni Smolensk sansanin soja da aka kai hari akai-akai, shi da aka hallaka da 4 hasumiyarki. Yana taba babu wanda zai dauki nan da nan don su yi yaƙi. Sansanin soja a wannan lokaci ya tsaya kewaye 3 ga wata total fiye da shekaru uku. Hukumance castle matsayin Fort-gini daina wanzuwa a 1786. All bauta wa a ta Gunners kuma da bindigogi da aka rarraba wa sauran kufaifan. Amma Napoleon ya sake hadari da sansanin soja na Smolensk da ƙofofinsa, to kama birnin. Strong ganuwar msa da hari da wani 2-rana, da kuma dakarun na Napoleon ta sojojin a 1812. Af, ganuwar (fari dutse bayani) gina na farar ƙasa, wacce ake kawota domin gina quarries Konobeevskii. Smolensk sansanin soja karfi gaji a cikin mãsu bãyar da bãya daga Faransa, sai aka mai tsanani lalace. By domin na Sarkin sarakuna Napoleon duk hasumiyoyin da sansanin soja da aka mined. 9 hasumiyai aka gaba daya hallaka da fashewa, da kuma wasu da aka dukan tsiya da kuma barrantar Cossack Ataman M. Platov jiki.

Smolensk Kremlin a peacetime

Abin baƙin ciki, da halakar da Smolensk sansanin soja da gudummawar ba kawai ga yaki. Bayan da Napoleonic Wars, a cikin shekaru 1820-1830, ganuwar da tsaron gida Tsarin da suke da a yanayin talauci, kwakkwance tubalin domin maido da gine-gine a cikin birnin, halakãsu da yaki.

A 1930 Smolensk Kremlin rayayye kwakkwance kayan gini domin gina Stalin. A cikin shekaru bayan yakin duniya na II sansanin soja gina taimaka wajen mayar da hasãra birnin da yankin.

Smolensk sansanin soja a yau

Don wannan rana, shi kiyaye jimlar tsawon na Smolensk sansanin soja - 3.5 km, 9 a nan ya hada da, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa na ganuwar da kuma 18 hasumiyarki.

Smolensk Kremlin - abu na tarihi da kuma al'adu na tarayya muhimmancin. Towers da, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa na ganuwar samu a sassa daban-daban na birnin. The most sashe na bango tsawon 1.5 km aka located a gabashin Smolensk.

Wurare da dama a yawon bude ido kamar mahaukaci Smolensk Kremlin. Smolensk - wani tsohon birnin da wani taro na gidajen tarihi da kuma Monuments.

Babban tarihi tunawa da hidima a matsayin wani gidan kayan gargajiya, saduwa wuri da kuma fi so manufa parkurschikov. Ga waɗanda ba su son kai shiryar da Tours, shi ne kyawawa su ziyarci "Thunder" hasumiya, wanda sau da yawa runduna kide da wasanni na dutse taurari, da kuma sauran litattafansu.

Tourist ne free to ziyarci dutse relic, da karin cewa yawo a Smolensk sansanin soja - wani abin tunawa taron, a Bugu da kari, yana yiwuwa a ga tsohon birnin daga tsawo da kuma sha'awan da Dnieper.

"Pyatnitskaya" Tower

Hasumiyar da Ƙofar guda sunan mayar da ennobled shi. Da zarar ta hanyar "Pyatnitsky" ƙofofin iya shiga birnin Smolensk. A 1812, suka, kamar sauran ƙofofin da hasumiya, da wanda ya kunshi Smolensk Kremlin, aka nike tashi da Napoleon ta sojojin. Daga baya a kan wannan wuri da aka gina da Church of St. Tihona Zadonskogo. A ranar, da "Pyatnitskaya" hasumiya, a gidan kayan gargajiya na "Rasha vodka", inda kowa da kowa zai iya dandana kayayyakin na gida distillery da kuma koyi game da wasu daga cikin hujjojin da barasan a Rasha.

tsawa hasumiya

Daya daga cikin mafi kyau hasumiyai "Abun Wuya na Rasha ƙasar" shi ne "Thunder." Ta aka sani da sauran sunayen:

1. "Zagaye".
2. "Topinskaya". Da zarar akwai wani fadama fadama, Saboda haka da sunan da hasumiyar.
3. "Tupinskaya". Hasumiyar Forms wani obtuse kwana, watakila shi ya ba ta irin wannan suna.

A farko na mayar - "Thunder" Smolensk sansanin soja hasumiya mayar da su asalin siffan. Nan za ka iya ganin musamman ciki na hasumiya, tafiya da m matakala da sha'awan da katako, Dome ciki.

The biyu bene na hasumiyar bautarka nuni, wanda ya gaya labarin ginin da kuma jaruntakar tsaro na kagara. Masu ziyara suna ba da damar zo a cikin lamba tare da na kwarai kayayyakin gargajiya 16-17 karnoni. Har ila yau a cikin wannan wuri saka da layout na Smolensk sansanin soja - asali bayyanar da Smolensk kagara da duk hasumiya, battlements, da ƙofofi.

The uku bene na "Thunder" shi ne wani nuni "Battle of Grunwald, shekaru 600 baya," tare da farfado - maimaitawa makamai da kuma makamai na warriors Smolensk sarauta, da Golden taro, da sauransu.

4th kasa ne a Viewing dandamali. Wani lokaci, akwai daban-daban wasanni na artists da kide. A nan ne Museum "St. Petersburg - Rasha garkuwa", dake a cikin "Thunder" Tower na Smolensk sansanin soja.

A yawon shakatawa na Smolensk sansanin soja dole ne ka fara da "Thunder" hasumiya, kamar yadda a can sukan gudanar tarihi maimaitawa, inda za ka iya ganin m biki, mutane a na da tufafi da Lithuanian sojoji.