Shugabar kasar Brazil: photo, biography. Shugaban farko na Brazil

A halin yanzu shugaban kasar Brazil ne 36th a jere tun lokacin da aka kafa wani shugaban jamhuriyar da gabatarwar da post a 1891.

Fitowan na mulkin

Yana da ban sha'awa cewa har 1889 Brazil ya mulki. A daular mulkinsu iya bayyana a cikin Portuguese mallaka? Da farko Joao VI a 1806 a hukumance sanya babban birnin kasar na Kudancin Amurka birnin Rio de Janeiro. Ya tsere, saboda haka Napoleon, wani m daya Turai kasa bayan wani. Amma sa'an nan, a gaskiya, Brazil shi ne har yanzu a mallaka, da kuma kawai kwatsam gudu hedkwatarsu. A 1821, sai sarki ya koma zuwa Portugal da ɗansa Pedro na bar Halĩfa na Brazil.

A karshen daular mulkinsu da kuma shugaban farko

A cikin rashi na Sarki a Portugal tsananta adawa absolutists, wanda ya bukaci da abolition na daular mulkinsu a general. Domin kiyaye ikon Pedro na ayyana Brazil m mulki, wanda ya wanzu kafin halittar da shugaban kasar na Jamhuriyar Brazil.

Dedoru Manuel da Fonseca - shugaban farko na Brazil. Akuma daga wani iyali na soja aristocracy Deodoro da Fonseca a 1886 karkashin jagorancin lardin Rio Grande do Sul, kuma ya kasance shugaba na abolitionist (ratuyuschego da abolition na bauta) motsi. A 1889, ya jagoranci wani juyin mulkin soja, da kuma daular mulkinsu fadi da kuma Deodoro da Fonseca ya zama shugaban gwamnatin wucin. Fabrairu 26, 1891 ya aka zayyana shugaban jamhuriyar. Amma da farko shugaban kasar Brazil ba da wani shirin raya kasa na kasar, kuma zai iya ba riƙe iko. A wannan 1891, 23 Nuwamba, Congress tsige shi. A watan Agusta na shekara Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca mutu.

Akayi na yi na jamhuriyar

A lokacin ci gaban wannan most kasar a kudancin Amirka bayan da kifar da daular mulkinsu ne zuwa kashi 5 lokaci. A farko daga cikinsu shi ne Old Jamhuriyar. A lokacin ta zama ta fara a 1889 da kuma ƙare a 1930. Yana bi da Vargas Era - 1930-1945 da kuma shekaru na jamhuriya ta biyu - 1946-1964 gg. A soja mulkin kama karya da ya fara a shekarar 1964, ya ƙare a 1985. A halin yanzu, ko The New Jamhuriyar, maye gurbin da soja mulkin kama karya a shekarar 1985, da kuma ci gaba da wannan rana.

sabon sau

jama'a tsarin dimokuradiyya lokacin ya fara bayan ƙarewar na karshe soja shugaban kasa. A farko farar hula shugaban Brazil Tancredo Nevis (1910-1985) an zabe ta hukumar zaben, amma ya mutu kafin ya iya ko da ya karbi rantsuwar.

The Board ta gaba shugaba Zhoze Nevisa lura da cewa a cikin sosai farko shi aka halatta goma wasanni (ko da kwaminisanci), da kuma, mafi muhimmanci, a karkashin jagorancin, ya ci gaba da kuma soma 5 Oktoba 1988 wani sabon mulkin demokra kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, wanda abubuwa yanzu . A cewar ta, da shugaban kasar Brazil ya fara da za a zabe ta duniya kuri'u. A 1997 da kundin tsarin mulkin da aka gyara zuwa izinin shugaban kasar mai ci ta tsayawa takara a karo na biyu.

Kyau da kuma iko

A penultimate shugaban Brazil (photo a haɗe), Luiz Inacio Da Silva ya a mulki daga 2003 zuwa 2011.

Kuma daga 1 ga watan Janairu 2011 a kasar da aka gangarawa kyakkyawa Dilma Vana Rousseff (Rousseff). Biography daga cikin haske mata ne sosai ban sha'awa.

A shekarar 2005, ta jagoranci da Silva gwamnati, zama na farko-taba mace rike wannan post. Kafin cewa, daga shekarar 2003 zuwa 2005. ta ya Ministan Makamashi. Sai ya zama mai wuya na tattalin arziki tun karshen na biyu wa'adin shugabancin kasar daga Fernando Enrike Kardozu (1995-2003), da kasar ta makamashi rikicin ya taso, musamman a kudancin yankunan.

A Janairu 1, 2011, Ms. Rousseff - Shugaban Brazil. Mace ga post, an zabe a karon farko. A 2011-2012 gg. bisa ga mujallar Forbes Dilma Rousseff da aka gane a matsayin na uku mafi tasiri daga cikin mafi kyau jima'i a duniya.

Rabin Turai mace

A halin yanzu shugaban kasar Brazil (photos za a iya gani a cikin wannan labarin) an haife shi a shekarar 1947 a cikin iyali na Bulgarian siyasa 'yan gudun hijira. An aiki memba na jam'iyyar kwaminis ta Bulgaria, Peter Rusev aka tilasta a shekara ta 1929 ya bar kasar. A Faransa, ya canza sunansa zuwa Rousseff.

Bayan ziyarci da kuma Argentina, Dilma uba har abada zauna a Brazil, inda, bayan wani lokaci, sai ya auri wani gida yarinya Janet Dilma Coimbra Silva. A cikin iyali na halin yanzu shugaban kasar Brazil girma da 'ya'ya uku. Saboda haka, Dilma yana da wani mazan da ɗan'uwana, kuma wani ƙaramin 'yar'uwa, Igor Jean Lucia. Duk da yara samu mai kyau na farko na gargajiya da ilimi, da suka hada da music darussa (piano) da kuma nazari na kasashen waje harsuna.

uba genes

Ta Dilma Vana, wanda ya sauke karatu a 1977, Tarayyar University of Rio Grande do Sul da wani mataki a cikin "tattalin arziki", shi ne m amma 'yan qasar Portuguese, Faransanci, Ingilishi da kuma na Spain. A halin yanzu shugaban kasar Brazil, wanda biography ne daga wani matashi, aka hade da gwagwarmaya, aka tsunduma a harkokin siyasa bayan da juyin mulkin soja a shekarar 1964. A sakamakon da ya bin doka zabe 24 th a jere da shugaban kasar Juan Gelard aka hambarar da gudu waje.

A da ƙaramin shekaru, Dilma Rousseff mallakar wani m kungiyar na Socialist Party, wanda aka kira da National Liberation umurninSa. Its nufin ya m gwagwarmaya da soja mulkin kama karya. A yarinya ta sa hannu a tashin bai yarda ba, amma har yanzu shekaru biyu daga shekarar 1970 zuwa 1972. Da ya gudanar a kurkuku.

doka da manufofin

A waɗannan m shekaru da yawa a cikin Latin American kasashen da aka mulki ta hanyar jini soja mulkin mallaka. Ba shi yiwuwa kuma shi ne mummunan su yi tunanin cewa irin wannan m da kyau mace a cikin kurkuku na azabtarwa da kuma dukan tsiya. Daga kurkuku, Ms. Rousseff samu lafiya. A nan gaba, wannan m mace da aka tsunduma kawai a istinbadi siyasa aiki. Quite wani babba lokaci Dilma Rousseff ya Demokradiyyar Labour Party. Amma tun shekarun 1990s, ta mayar da su cikin Ma'aikata 'Party, wanda ya yi aiki a hankali tare da Luiz Inacio Da Silva.

Kuma a cikin 2010, an zabi ga shugabancin kasar. Yana da cikakken goyon bayan shugaban kasa. A zagaye na farko na zaben, da aka gudanar a ranar 3 ga watan Oktoba, 2010, ta, tare da kusan 47% na kuri'un da, tafiya Zhoze Serra, wakilin jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party. Buga a zagaye na biyu 56% kuri'u, Dilma Rousseff zama na farko da mace Shugaban mafi cigaban kasashe a kudancin Amirka.

A haske hali da kuma mai karfi da mace

Sunan shugaban kasar na Brazil, da aka sani zuwa ga mutane da yawa a cikin kasar. Bayan duk wannan kasa tare da Rasha shi ne wani ɓangare na BRICS, wanda shi ne da yawa magana a cikin kafofin watsa labarai.

Game da tsare sirri, wani abu Dilma Rousseff ta yi aure sau biyu. The kawai 'yar shugaban Brazil, wanda aka haifa a cikin na biyu aure, kwanan nan ya ba ta jikan.

A shekara ta 2009, da karfi mace gudanar ya kayar da mummunan cuta - ciwon daji na Lymph nodes. Wannan labarin, kazalika da abin kunya da wiretapping wayoyin na ta Amurka NSA, ya ambaci kome. A halin yanzu shugaban kasar Brazil, Dilma Rousseff yana da biyu m waje awards - Spain da kuma Bulgaria.