Salula concretes: iri, tarihi da fitowan da kuma ikon yinsa, daga amfani

Salula kankare ne wucin gadi dutse kayan, wanda ya kunshi takamaiman nauyin wakili da kuma ciwon jam'i na upraised shnyh Kwayoyin, wanda ake ko'ina rarraba a ciki. Yanzu akwai mutane da yawa irin na su. Gradation faruwa da sigogi kamar nau'in m, da ikon yinsa, daga aikace-aikace, da sauran yanayi na magance.

rarrabuwa

Dangane da m salula kankare kasu kashi da wadannan iri - kumfa kankare da aerated kankare, foamed gypsum, kuma gazogips, foamed silicate da gas silicate, kuma penomagnezit da gazomagnezit. A farkon yanayin, da m ne mai sumunti, a karo na biyu - high ƙarfi gypsum a cikin na uku - farar ƙasa, kuma a karo na hudu - magnesia bangaren.

A cewar wannan siga, a matsayin ikon yinsa, daga amfani, concretes kasu kashi thermal da kuma tsarin da thermal rufi. A karshe da aka ambata kayayyakin da salon salula kankare (tubalan) an halin high ƙarfi, kuma za a iya amfani da shi don gina load-hali Tsarin.

Game da solidification hanya, akwai wata halitta da kuma wucin gadi hanyoyin. A farko irin ta taurare ƙarƙashin rinjayar yanayi yanayi, da kuma na biyu - saboda tururi magani.

A labarin na

A farko tarihi bayanai game da gini abu kamar salula kankare, kwanan baya zuwa 1889. Sa'an nan da Czech masanin kimiyya Hoffman aka aerated ta d Ƙara chloride da carbonate salts da ciminti slurry. Saboda haka, da sinadaran dauki faru a sakamakon wanda da gas-effusing. A tsawon lokaci, bayani da aka ƙarfafa, da kuma porous tsarin da aka kafa a cikinta. Shekaru goma sha biyar daga baya Amirkawa da kuma Dyer Aulsvort matsayin gas-kafa foda an yi amfani da, kunsha na impurities na tutiya, aluminum da kuma wasu sauran karafa. The hulda da hydrogen da aka saki, wasa da muhimmancin wani intumescent ƙari. Yana da wannan sabuwar dabara shi ne tushen zamani samar da aerated kankare.

Great taimako ga ci gaban samar da gine kayan Ya sanya Swedish kirkiro Ericsson. A 1920, ya samarwa distend da mafita ta ƙara siliceous abu da kuma sumunti. Hardening a cikin wannan hali ya kamata faruwa a wani autoclave a matsa lamba na 8 atmospheres. Bayan da cewa salula kankare a cikin wannan hanya fara da za a samar a Sweden kansa, sa'an nan a cikin wasu kasashe. A kan lokaci, ba mu kafa kawai biyu iri. A farko daga cikin wadannan shi ne gas silicate, wakiltar wani kankare tare da porous tsarin, wanda ya hada da wata cakuda lemun tsami da kuma siliceous Additives. A 1934 akwai kuma na biyu look - siporex - SOS toyaschy na siliceous aka gyara da kuma Portland sumunti.

Modern samar da ikon yinsa,

A mafi salula kankare (Gost 21520-89) yanzu da akwai a cikin nau'i na tubalan. Su suna dauke daya daga cikin mafi kowa kayan gini (tare da yumbu tubalin). Game da ikon yinsa, yana da quite mai yawa, saboda wadannan tubalan gina kome daga talakawa ciki ganuwar, da kuma kawo karshen tare da aza-hali katangu. A misali size tubalan ne 600h300h200 millimeters. Duk da haka, akwai a kan request, da sauransu. A cikin akwati inda da yawa daga cikin farantin ne kasa da ɗari biyar kilo da cubic mita, ana iya amfani da ko da a cikin wani nau'i na zafi-insulating Layer.