Reserve "Big Kokshaga" - duniya na jeji

Babbar kore da kuma shiru yankin na ajiye samuwa da kuma bayyana ga dukan mai rai a duniya, kare shi da zafi da kuma liyãfa.

Duniya tanada yanayi - ajiye "Big Kokshaga"

Top yanki "Big Kokshaga" kama wani m kore kafet, stitched convolutions gudãna (a matsayin m blue thread), cike da koyaswa da kyalkyali tabkuna. Ga lokacin farin ciki babbar gandun daji cike da koyaswa swamps da kuma natsuwa.

Crown curly Pine itatuwa suna maye gurbinsu da duhu kore Pine itatuwa da kuma m siririn birches. Akwai wannan gefe da kuma sauran wani kyakkyawan sunan - daji Zavolzhe.

Tarihi na halitta, Gwargwadon siffofin

A shekarar 1993, a p. Volga River (bar tributary) an halitta ta jihar yanayi ajiye "Big Kokshaga" ƙasar yankin na 21,4 kadada An located 40 kilomita yamma da babban birnin kasar na Mari El (Yoshkar-Ola) a Kilemarsky da Medvedev yankunan. Kafin cewa, Mari El Mari ya ajiye. Duk da haka, shi ne gaba daya ƙone a shekara ta 1972 a cikin zafi, bushe lokacin bazaar.
Babban manufar samar da wani kare zone - da kariya na gandun daji a kan iyakar da ke tsakanin kudancin taiga da deciduous gandun daji.

A ƙasa ya wakilta filayen (kogi da kuma glaciolacustrine). Tsororuwar ƙasar - 132,2 m saman teku matakin.

A total akwai kogi Big Kokshaga ne game da 20 kõguna da kõguna.
A kiyayewa yankin da aka located 3 tabkuna - Kosheer, Kapsino da Shusher. A karshen - mafi girma. A tsari, shi ne wani m madubi da kuma ta tsawon 1250 m, nisa na 600 mita. The lake ne sosai zurfin (15 m), karst asalin. Cika kogin ruwa a lokacin bazara da ambaliyar ruwa.

A yanayin damina da moderately nahiyar, tare da fairly zafi lokacin bazaar, kuma temperate winters da karfi frosts.

Mai Kokshaga kogin, gandun daji

Mai Kokshaga - mafi girma a kogin na kasar, wanda shi ne mai hagu tributary da kogin. Volga. Yana crosses da ƙasa na ajiye a cikin mafi tsakiyar ɓangare na shi.

A kogi, wanda ya karbi sunan da yanayi ajiye, shi ne ta babban ruwa jijiya.
A kan wani m Emerald launi bango ruwa a kan ta gaba ta fito da majestic itatuwan oak - kyakkyawa da girman kai na ajiye.

Musamman floodplain oak gandun daji ne mai ci al'umma. Ga akwai da haihuwa, za ka iya gaya wa tsoho itatuwan oak, da kuma matasa harbe.

Reserve "Big Kokshaga" kunshi yafi na gandun daji, mamaya ta babbar yankin - 95% na ƙasa. The m Pine gandun daji, abin da girma da sauƙi a cikin daban-daban muhalli da yanayi. Na biyu mafi girma ne Birch. Su da zarar ya bayyana a kan filin sare ko kona a cikin gobara na gandun daji, da cewa shi ne, su ne na biyu.

Wannan siffar taiga wadannan wurare ba spruce, mamaya 7.5% na ajiye da kuma ciwon babba najasa itatuwa katako (Aspen, Birch, Linden).

Suna yafi located a cikin kwaruruka na gudãna a cikin arewacin ajiye.

A bambancin da Flora da fauna

Reserve "Big Kokshaga" ya ƙunshi a cikin gandun daji, natsuwa da Marshes fiye da 700 jinsunan shuke-shuke, dake wakiltar game da rabi daga cikin jimlar samuwa a Jamhuriyar Mari El.

A fili kowa kwaruruka fadama rufe Birch kuma alder. A kananan yankunan na floodplain fadamun suna located.

Pine gandun daji yalwata da mosses da lichens. Akwai kuma an samu game da 200 jinsuna daban na algae, lichens game da 250 jinsunan. A rarest - Tsetrariya Laurer, Lobar na huhu da kuma usnea blooming.

Amma akwai da yawa da na kowa fungi a kusa da ajiye, da kuma a cikin ƙasa same su more rare jinsuna: Osinovik fari, Hericium staghorn da sauransu.

Yawanci gandun daji ajiye fauna da aka wakilta da wadannan ayyuka: m Elk, zomo, sunadarai, Boars. Suna zaune a nan da kuma dabbobi masu cin nama: marten, polecat, ermine, wani lokacin ruwan kasa bear da kerkẽci.

Birds an gabatar da takaddamarsu, takaddamarsu, m cranes, herons, Mujiya, shaho, kuma da yawa wasu. . Da dai sauransu Suna zaune a nan, da tsuntsãye daga cikin Red Littãfi: peregrine shaho, black shamuwa, ungulu, macijin mikiya.

Very arziki a cikin m kyautai yanayi ajiye. "Mai Kokshaga" kare da kuma tserar da mazauninsu daga cikin mafi farauta na shuke-shuke. Yana epipogium leafless, Dactylorhiza Baltic da kuma fiye da 11 jinsin orchids na arewacin mamaki da kyau. Mafi shahara view a Jamhuriyar - mai kyau lady ta sifila. Tun da germination daga zurriyar wannan ban mamaki shuka kafin flowering faruwa har zuwa shekaru 17.

Rare tsoho shuke-shuke

Cloudberry tsiro squat a kasar ne kawai a kan ajiye. Wannan inji tsiro daga kankara shekaru. An sani cewa shi ne ya fi so Berry mai girma Rasha mawãƙi Alexander Pushkin.

Wani wakilin daga cikin tsofaffin shuke-shuke Chilim aka iyo (ko Ruwa chestnut), wanda ya rataya a dumi Shusher lake.

"Mai Kokshaga" - wani hali ajiye. Yana kiyaye tsoho samfurori da ciyayi.

A mafi rare irin ajiye (woody) - poplar (ko Populus nigra), a samu a cikin floodplain na kogin Big Kokshaga. Akwai su da yawa wasu shuka iri da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi: sceptridium multifidum, itacen ƙaya, Lycopodium-Baranez, Sundew dlinnolistaya (shuka-predator) da kuma Dianthus Superbus.

The ajiye ne m saboda yanayi a wuraren tasowa ta da kansa dokoki, ba tare da wani mutum sa baki. Bugu da ƙari, wannan darajar qara da shekaru.

Godiya reserves bayan wani lokaci, a lokacin da tsohon gandun daji za a sare ma, shi za su iya kwatantawa ka kuma sharhi akan yadda mutanen da wayewa rinjayi remarkably ruwan tekun Atlantika yanayi, da kuma abin da shi zai iya kasance ba tare da tasiri a kan shi.