Rabuwa da dielectrics

A sabon abu a cikin abin da ya auku a cikin insulator yana da iyaka a cikin adadin kawar da alaka zargin, ko akwai wani nuna lantarki dipoles, samu da take a kimiyyar lissafi rabuwa na dielectrics. A lokacin da wannan tsari na iya faruwa ko dai spontaneously, saboda ciki haddasawa, ko a ƙarƙashin rinjayar waje sojojin, na farko, da lantarki filayen.

A physico-ilmin lissafi gani tsari ne halin da rabuwa vector wakiltar wani dipole lokacin, wanda ake gani a dangane da girma da dielectric girma. Popular sau da yawa a cikin jiki da mahallin amfani Sauki sharuddan - rabuwa. Wannan siga da aka yi amfani da ba kawai ya kasance daidai da macroscopic jihar. Yana za a iya amfani da su bayyana duk wani mamaki da kaddarorin cewa faye hali rabuwa na dielectrics.

Bisa ga wannan bayani, za mu iya kirkiro wani na kowa alama na sabon abu. Irin wannan jiha na dielectric a cikin abin da aka gano gaban dipole lokacin a kowane batu na ta girma, da kuma characterizes rabuwa na dielectrics.

Wannan sabon abu ne shubuha a yanayi. Bambanta da irin jinsin da jawo rabuwa na dielectrics, cewa ne ya sa ta rinjayar waje lantarki filayen, maras wata-wata, kafa a cikin rashi na waje jamiái rabuwa inji (ferroelectric) da aka kafa da mataki na inji jamiái, zafi wadda taso saboda zafin jiki da hawa da sauka.

A peculiarity na rabuwa matsayin jiki sabon abu ne cewa yana da kusan babu sakamako a kan darajar daga cikin jimlar lura a yi kama dielectric, abin nufi da ta girma ba zaba. A lokaci guda, rabuwa auku a cikin samuwar mamaye zargin a kan dielectric surface. Waɗannan zarge ne kafofin na filin tare da wasu ƙarin tashin hankali, wanda aka directed a kan vector na waje vector filin.

Muhimmanci a cikin al'amarin tsaye, da kuma rabuwa na dielectrics rarrabuwa bisa ga nasu sunadaran. A wannan girmamawa da shi ya hada da irin wannan iri:

- Hijira ne halayyar kayan a wadda tsarin ne a fili bayyane yadudduka da daban-daban watsin. Irin wannan rabuwa halin da jinkiri mataki.

- lantarki rabuwa shi ne ya motsa da bawo na kwayoyin halitta a ƙarƙashin rinjayar waje lantarki filayen. Wannan - ya fi sauri irin rabuwa.

- ion ne halin da wannan dalilai a matsayin lantarki, amma a wannan yanayin babu wani hijirar na bawo da kwayoyin halitta, da kuma motsi kumburi tsarin crystal raga abubuwa.

- dipole, ko kamar yadda shi ne ake kira fuskantarwa rabuwa ne halin da babba hasarori, a cikin hanyar wanda shi ne babban kudi da makamashi da cin nasara da ciki sadarwa a dielectric. Domin da fuskantarwa na rabuwa da dielectric halayyar sabon abu na da kyau-tsare fuskantarwa na dipoles.

- electron shakatawa ne halin da ciwon takamaiman fuskantarwa lahani na electrons.

- ion-shakatawa rabuwa dielectrics nuna a motsi ions cewa mallaka rauni ciki sadarwa da kuma gyarawa stably a crystal raga nodes abu tsarin.

- wani block kuma an nuna a mai musamman fuskantarwa dielectric abubuwa, amma a wannan yanayin wadannan abubuwa ne daban-daban impurities, wanda qunshi wani dielectric abu. Wannan rabuwa auku more sannu a hankali.

- maras wata-wata (maras wata-wata) yayi a dielectrics tare da wani sosai high permeability sigogi, aka kira su ferroelectrics.

- halin daidaituwa dielectric rawa mita na electrons a mitoci aiki a kanta filin, Saboda haka, tsananin magana, da irin wannan sunan.

Matsayin mai mulkin, a duk lokuta, sai dai da resonant rabuwa, da darajar kai a kalla a tsaye filayen.