Ra'ayi da kuma iri daban-daban na masonry

Masonry - shi ne wani gini tsarin kunshi tubalin ko duwatsu aza a kan bayani, da kuma ɗaukar nauyi na da kansa nauyi da kuma nauyin tsarin abubuwa, wadda ake bisa shi. Masonry sanya a cikin wani umurni, kuma ya aikata aikin thermal da kuma sauti insulating aiki.

Masonry ayyukansu, daban-daban iri yi mafita: sumunti, lemun tsami-ciminti da lemun tsami.

Akwai wasu iri masonry:

- m. A wannan yanayin da kama shi ne na tsari mai ɗamfarar, na game monolith.

- Lite. Tare da irin wannan masonry part aka maye gurbinsu makaran abu ko wani iska Layer. The fi na kowa iri kamar a kolodtsevoy masonry, bulo da kuma kankare anga tare da uku-jere diaphragms da ciki rufi da kuma iska rata.

- karfafa. Irin wannan iri brickwork karfafa da karfe sanduna ko grids. Yana iya amfani da biyu a tsaye da kuma mai gangara ƙarfafa.

A tsari, masonry dutse da tubali, mafi yawa, yana da siffar da akwatin, inda dukkan fuskoki da su masu sana'a lakabi. Saboda haka, babbar yanki gefe, kira a matsayin saman da kasa na gado, suka sa dutse a cikin bayani, short gefen fuskoki ake kira butting, da kuma dogon - spoons.

All sahu na masonry suna da nasu sunayen, don haka matsananci jerin suna kira wani mile, daga gaba ne a waje na mil daga cikin ciki na dakin - ciki verst. Idan akwai versts tsakanin layuka na masonry, suna kira zabutovochnymi (goyon baya).

Idan cikin jerin da aka aza a cikin irin wannan hanya da cewa m bayyane spoons - jerin kira gadon ɗauka maras lafiya, idan daya zai iya ganin butting - yawan bonder. A tsawo daga cikin jerin kunshi masonry tubalin da tsawo daga cikin tsaye kauri daga cikin bayani Layer, wanda, a kan talakawan, yana mai kauri daga 1.2 cm. Da nisa ƙayyade da nisa daga cikin masonry bango da kuma dole ne a mahara na rabin wani tubali. Lokacin da kayyade shi ne a dauki la'akari da kauri daga cikin tsaye seams kuma, a kan talakawan, wannan darajar ne 1.0 cm.

Wani irin brickwork dole ne a kwance miya. Samar ligation tubali masonry da wani takamaiman jeri na duwatsu da kuma kira ligation tsarin. bandaging tsarin ne guda jere ko sarkar (a wannan yanayin, ligation na masonry kafa bi da bi alternating gadon ɗauka maras lafiya da kuma bonder jerin), Multi-jere (biyar sequentially suya gadon ɗauka maras lafiya jerin ligated daya m), da uku-jere (uku lozhkovyh yawan ligated m, cikinsa da daidaituwa seams yarda lozhkovyh darajõji tsaye).

Dangane da Bugu da kari, cikin bayani ne amfani da wasu ductility da kuma abin da su ne bukatun ga ingancin gaban gefe (a karkashin rasshivku ko plaster) ya bambanta da gina irin hanyoyin brickwork:

- vprizhim. Kwanciya gudanar a kan wani roba ko wuya bayani, layuka za a iya yada matsayin gadon ɗauka maras lafiya, da kuma bonder.

- vprisyk. Kwanciya gudanar a ranar roba turmi, stitches a gaban gefe ba gaba daya cika, shi ba ya bukatar yin amfani da wani trowel da filastar bango surface bukatar.

- vprisyk tare da trimming bayani. Kwanciya gudanar a ranar roba turmi, stitches a gaban farfajiya an cika.

- vpoluprisyk. Amfani ga kwanciya a baya cika.

A ingancin da masonry ba a kula da aiki zane da kuma ginin da dokokinta. Mason, da yin aiki, dole ne a tabbatar daidai ligation jerin, ciko da kabu kauri, da a tsaye kusassari da kuma a kwance layuka, gaban da daidaitar shigarwa na anka da karfe shaidu, surface ingancin a gaban gefe - selection tubali yarda da launi da kuma juna, grouting .