Pushkin: "Na gina wani gini ba tare da hannuwanku." Tarihi na halitta, bincike na m asali

Creativity A. S. Pushkina a karshe shekaru ransa ne musamman bambancin: almarar da kuma tarihi almarar, waqoqi a kan daban-daban batutuwa. Daga cikin ya latest ayyukansu sun hada da waka "Ni wani abin tunawa gina ba tare da hannuwanku."

Bayan Fage "Monument" da kuma ji na Sahaban

Bit shubuha theories game da tarihin rubuce-rubuce na waka "Na gina wani gini."

Pushkin rubuta shi a mayar da martani ga waka "Biyu daga Alexander", rubuta a cikin shekaru na abokinsa lyceum Delwig. Wannan backstory halittar kira wallafe-wallafen tarihi, Pushkin masanin Vladislav Felitsianovich Hodasevich.

Sauran wallafe-wallafen-Pushkinists asirce da dama theories shafe asalin rubutu da waka "Ni wani abin tunawa gina ba tare da hannuwanku."

Pushkin kamantuwa da pre-data kasance wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu: Derzhavin, A. Vostokova, Lomonosov, Kapnist.

Sannan mahanga ta biyu Dates baya ga zamanin d Roma da kuma rinjayar aiki Horace, Odes marubucin Exegi monumentum.

The waka da aka sani da Sahaban da zuriyar shubuha.

Imani a cikin sananne fitarwa daga aikinsa, da wayar da kan jama'a na zuwan soyayya da kuma yarda da yara - da batutuwa rufe a cikin waka, aka sani da Sahaban na mawãƙi sanyi. Tun da kai Daukaka-na sirri wallafe-wallafen talanti aka ba da aka gudanar a babban girma. Wato cewa, a cikin ra'ayi, da kuma aka tsunduma a cikin ayyukan Pushkin.

"Na gina wani gini ba tare da hannayensu" magoya marubucin da aka sani a matsayin take wakoki da kuma bege na rabo na ruhaniya a kan Kofur.

"Monument" da kuma al'adar mawãƙi

Daftarin samfurin da aka samu a cikin tari na takardunku bayan mutuwar mawãƙi ne. Vasily Zhukovsky taimake waka don bayyana a cikin posthumous tarin na marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, ayyukan (1841).

Pushkin rubuta, "Na gina wani gini ba tare da hannayensu" kawai watanni biyar kafin nan mai banrazana duel, wanda ya zama dalilin mutuwar: da waka da aka kwanan rana Agusta 21, 1836 The aiki ya m Hasashen kashedi game da mutuwa.

A Sabuwar Shekara ta ball Alexander kaina karanta "Monument".

Pushkin ta waka, to conceptualize da rabo daga cikin mawãƙi a cikin Prism na tarihin 'yan adam, ya rubuta a cikin tsanani ga kansa da shekaru: da sukar up a makamai da shi, tsarist katsalandan lyutovali da kuma haramta a buga mafi yawan aikin, wadanda mutane al'umma tattauna da jita-jita game da shi da matarsa, da rayuwar iyali da aka fatattaka. Zai yiwu shi ne wannan yanayi rinjayi cikin zurfin ra'ayi, za ma'ana tantance sirri m taimako ga wallafe-wallafen na marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo,.

Kai-irony da epigram?

Mutane kusa Aleksandru Sergeevichu, da view shi ne cewa samfurin da aka cika da bayanan lura na kai-irony. Su ake kira "Monument" epigram, abu na wanda ya Pushkin kansa.

Tabbacin wannan ka'idar ne mayar da hankali na waka: aka jawabi ga mawãƙi, wanda aikin da aka ba mutunta daga cikin kabilu, ko da yake da shi ya kamata ya kasance hanyar su sha'awa.

Memoirist Peter Vyazemsky bin da "irony" ka'idar da waka "Na gina wani gini." Pushkin, kuma Vyazemsky sun abokai, don haka da wallafe-wallafen zargi nace a kan wani misreading na samfurin magoya. Ya ce cewa shi ne, ba wani hali na ruhaniya da kuma wallafe-wallafen al'adunmu, da kuma a kan amincewa da jama'a kansa. An sani cewa Sahaban, wanda spun a da'ira mawãƙi frankly bai son shi a matsayin mutum. Amma a lokaci guda mu gane babban m m na Pushkin.

"Na gina wani gini ba tare da hannayensu" kuma yana da "sufi" gefe.

presentiment na mutuwa

Magoya bayan na "sufi" version na ra'ayin cewa waka ne a Hasashen na game mutuwa na mawãƙi, wanda ya san a gaba. An fara daga wannan matsayi da kuma kin version Viazemsky na irony ayyukansu, za mu iya ce cewa "Monument" ya ruhaniya wasiya na Pushkin.

A hangen nesa ya shafa ba kawai da mawãƙi ta rayuwa, amma kuma ya yi aiki. Mawallafi kuma marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo san cewa nan gaba za su ba kawai yabo da girmama shi, amma za a yi la'akari da cancantar kwaikwayo.

Akwai kuma wata riwayar da cewa tun kafin ban tausayi sakamako na hanyar rayuwa Alexander san a abin da musamman rana da kuma a wani lokaci na rana shi ne jiran mutuwa. Ya ce cewa mutuwa a hannun mashawarta mai farin gashi ya annabta wani arziki-teller.

Presentiment kashedi game da mutuwa da kuma so a takaice ransa, Pushkin jawabi mafi m tushen wa kansu - alkalami - da kuma rubuta "Monument".

Pushkin. The waka "Ina da wani abin tunawa gina ba tare da hannuwanku." A takaice dai analysis

Lyrical gwarzo za a iya kira na Alexander Sergeyevich. A labarin ne makomar marubucin, dauke a cikin mahallin tarihin 'yan adam, da m taimako ga wallafe-wallafe.

A mawãƙi ne ba wani tunani game da abin da wuri ne da aka ba shi a wannan duniya, wace irin dangantakar da ya kafa tare da al'umma da kuma masu karatu. Ya fatan cewa rayuwa ɓace a cikin m bincike da kuma hasken dake fitowa, kuwa ba a banza da za su amfana gaba. Ya fatan cewa, bayan mutuwar shi za a tuna, "A'a, duk ba zan mutu."

Har ila yau ya tada batun a cikin waka da mawãƙi kuma shayari, poetic daraja da kuma poetic al'adunmu. Pushkin rubuta cewa mawãƙi zã su rinjãyi mutuwa ta hanyar da m al'adunmu da kuma amincewa da yankakkiyar albarka.

Kowane layi na "Kabarin" ne riddled tare da girman kai a gaskiyar cewa mawãƙi ta shayari ya free kuma kyautatawa: "Na yi tasbĩhi da 'yanci ne da rahama ga auku."

A waka da wani epigraph Exegi monumentum (a cikin rariya. "Na yi tashe da wani abin tunawa"), a daya hannun, tana cike da haske da kuma na gaisuwa launuka, personifying da rai madawwami na art, amma a daya hannun, shi ne a bit ciki da kuma bakin ciki, saboda wannan ne swan song of mawãƙi, da asalin dũkiyõyinku, sakamakon na m aiki, wanda aka Pushkin kansa.

"Na gina wani gini ba tare da hannuwanku." m fassarar

A waka ta da kari daga cikin sauti za a iya kira wani jinkirin, wannan shi ne jinkirin da taki ba shi da wani kwarjini da taƙama kari. Wannan sakamako shi ne cimma saboda girman guda aya (iambic pentameter tare), haye rhyme cikakke ga quatrains (quatrains), alternating mata da kuma namiji Daddy.

Da yawa m kafofin watsa labarai ma ya taimaka wajen haifar da wani kunna yanayi a cikin aikin. Daga cikin su za a iya ambata: anaphora (edinonachatie Lines), inversion (baya domin da kalmomi), da jerin kama members.

A majestic sautin na ayyukan samu ta hanyar epithets: "abin tunawa ba tare da hannuwa," metaphors "rai na toka zai tsira da kuma lalata gudu" Avatars "Muse ... yabo da ƙiren ƙarya m sha'aninsu dabam da kuma bai yi jãyayya da wawa" metonymy "da jita-jita game da ni zai faru duk kan Rasha mai girma. " Ta wajen da lexical hada da m amfani Slavonicisms (yaushe, yã mawãƙi, shugaban, ya tashe).

A kan tushen da art, lexical richness na waka, shi ne ma'ana a kammala da cewa, kamar yadda ya annabta, da Iskandari, da ya halicci ayyukansa ga zuriyarsa "Kabarin ba tare da hannuwanku." Pushkin rayu, rayuwa da kuma za su zauna ta rubuta ayyukansu.