Plum Smolinka: sa description, hotuna da kuma sake dubawa

Plum - da sanannun al'adu na duk lambu. Domin sayarwa ne mai yawa iri resistant zuwa kwari da cututtuka, kazalika da m yanayin yanayi. Seedlings suna da kyau saba site yanayi jure transplanting da ba m da ake samu. Daya daga cikin na kowa iri ne draining Smolinka. A iri-iri ke tsiro da kyau a cikin unguwannin bayan gari da kuma a cikin ƙasa na tsakiyar ɓangare na Rasha.

Plum Smolinka: description

Plum itace bambanta ƙwazo, tsiro zuwa 5-5,5 m tsawo. Crohn m siffar, da talakawan kauri ko bakin ciki. Haushi launin ruwan kasa, m. Harbe dan kadan mai lankwasa.

A takardar yana da wani taso sandan-siffar, tare da girma da 9.5 da 6.5 cm, pubescence ba. Average zazubernnost. Petiole greenish-rawaya.

A flower ne fari, ba tare da fluting. Sepals ovate. Photo plum Smolinka sanya shi a cikin labarin.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari daga plum itace adalci, yin la'akari har zuwa 35 t. Unprimed, da talauci ɓullo da na ciki kabu. Kwasfa talakawan kauri. A rami na yellow-koren launi. Kashi yana da wani talakawan separability. Ku ɗanɗani 'ya'yan itãcen m-dadi, dadi.

Ribobi da fursunoni na iri

Description of plum iri Smolinka kira taro na ta isa yabo. Daga cikin su:

• high yawan amfanin ƙasa - har zuwa 20 kg da itacen.
• farkon ripening.
• kyau kwarai, ku ɗanɗani plums da kuma dadi ɓangaren litattafan almara.
• sauri sanyi recoverability.
• cuta juriya;
• 'ya'yan daidai transportable.

A bayanin da photo na plum iri Smolinka nuna mutumci.

Debe talakawan za a iya ambata hardiness. Duk da haka, mai girma dawo bayan sanyi winters a cikin wannan aji ba ya dauke. A disadvantages aka kuma dauke tsayi itatuwa samobesplodnost da kuma gaggautsa rassan karkashin nauyi na 'ya'yan itace. Don kawar da karshen matsalar, sa da jingina.

Selection na seedlings

A lokacin da zabi seedlings ya kamata kula da tushen tsarin. Yana iya zama a bude ko rufe. Kuma duka biyu da su amfani ko rashin amfani. Bude tushen tsarin ne sauki da za a gani domin kimantawa da jiha. Amma kana bukatar ka dasa bishiya a wani takamaiman lokaci frame - ko dai a cikin spring kafin girma kakar ko a karshen watan Satumba. Kaka seedling kara dropwise, da spring m aka zaba su sanya shi.

Seedlings da rufaffiyar tushen tsarin, ana sayar kafe a ƙasa. A saboda wannan dalili, za su iya zama dasa a kowane lokaci. Amma a wannan yanayin babu wani hanya zuwa tantance jihar da asalinsu.

Dole ne ka danna a kan seedling dan kadan, yayin da a can ya kamata ba cod magana game da rashin ruwa. Healthy seedling yana da isasshen sassauci.

Idan sayi seedling bar tare da rufaffiyar baya, muna bukatar ganin shi ga wani cututtuka da kuma parasites. Sun yi kama da cobwebs, stains, rot. Hankali bukatar duba a underside na ganye.

Sayar seedlings shekaru daban-daban, amma lambu yawanci fi son na farko shekaru, saboda za su iya more sauri dauki tushen da kuma kwanta a sabon shafin.

saukowa

Kafin saukowa da plum wajibi ne don shirya gona. Lokaci mafi kyau ga irin wannan aiki - da kaka. dasa seedlings samar a cikin bazara. Idan dasa a cikin fall, babu tabbacin cewa seedling za samun saba.

Yana da muhimmanci a zabi da hakkin wuri zuwa kasa. Lambatu ruwa-ƙauna, fi son loamy da yashi ƙasar. Ta shige gina jiki sako-sako da ƙasa arziki a cikin kwayoyin halitta da kuma samun low matakin na acidity. Iya rage acidity da liming.

Sosai ƙasa lemun tsami game da kowane shekaru biyar. Wannan ne yake aikata a cikin fall, tare da digging cikin ƙasa. Taki da kuma lemun tsami da aka gabatar, sa'an nan da Dug gona. Don inganta da ake samu, kasar gona lemun tsami a shekara a kananan rabo. Don yin wannan, tsarma da ruwa foda lemun tsami da humus sa a mike a cikin rami domin dasa.

Ga kowane seedling shirya rami 70 cm zurfi da kuma 90 cm m. Rarrabe a waje da kuma zurfin ƙasa a tarnaƙi. Bishiyoyi ana shuka, straightening da asalinsu. Kamar yadda backfill topsoil kara peat, humus da kuma ash. Wannan cakuda da aka cika seedling tamped. Bugu da ari sanya 5 cm Layer na peat ciyawa. Lokacin da dasa tushen abin wuya na seedlings idan aka kwatanta da ƙasa matakin. Bayan tattakewa shi zai zama kadan mafi girma.

Plum iya tsayawa ba yawa. Seedlings ana shuka a wani lokaci na 4 mita baya.

Babban ayyuka na kula

Dace kula da plum itatuwa zai hada da:

1. Regular pruning.
2. Ciyar.
3. Glaze.
4. loosening cikin ƙasa.
5. Kashewa weeds.
6. Shiri for hunturu.

Bayan dasa annuals plum undercut. Babban madugun ne taqaitaccen zuwa 80 cm. Har ila yau, trimmed gefen harbe. Sauran rassan suna yanka zuwa 20 cm. A shekaru biyu na draining da babban akwati, kada yanka, gefe harbe taqaitaccen da 1/3.

Idan plums aka dasa a cikin tati shekaru da dama, ba za su iya ciyar. Wanda bai isa ƙasar bukatar barbarar. Plum son kwayoyin gabatar da bazara da kuma fall.

Watering ne da tasiri kai tsaye a kan yawan aiki. Strong bukatar a danshi sinks fuskantar a farkon girma kakar, da kuma a lokacin flowering da 'ya'yan itace ripening.

rani kula

A lokacin rani, yana da muhimmanci a ciyar da wani biyu magudana, shi ne yake aikata a cikin fruiting mataki. By yin kowane itace nitrophosphate, kuma urea mafita.

Bayan fruiting ciyar da sake potassium sulfate da kuma superphosphate.

Wajibi sako iko. A bishiya ƙasa gãshin zuwa m zurfi, ba a taba asalinsu.

Loosening yana tare da gabatarwar peat, takin da humus. Za ka iya ƙara kwayoyin halitta.

A farkon lokacin rani samar da pruning ƙara da riba daga cikin sauran rassan. Yana da muhimmanci a bi da kambi to yarda da hasken rana. A lokacin rani za ka iya datsa da rassan girma da baya, amma babban amfanin gona a cikin spring yi, domin rejuvenation.

Next, description zai ci gaba da la'akari da Smolinka plum iri. itatuwa photo ba ka damar ganin da-groomed, da trimmed shuke-shuke.

kaka kula

Bayan girbi, da plum sake ciyar da taki mafita a cikin yanki kusa da-ganga da'irar. Har ila yau a karkashin itace ƙirƙirar m Layer na lapnika itãce, kuma peat, na rage cutarwa sakamakon zafin hunturu frosts.

Kututturan bukatar ya karrama da kuma kusa da takardar takarda ko roba kunshe-kunshe. Fararen kututturan vodoemulsionkoy ko lemun tsami.

Don ƙara hardiness duba ruwa da kuma m asa.

Cututtuka da kuma kwari

Daga cikin plum cuta faruwa:

1. Klyasterosporioz - fungal kamuwa da cuta, bayyana da ramuka a cikin ganyayyaki.
2. Moniliosis - wani fungal cutar.
3. GUMMOSIS - faru na guduro kwatami.
4. Rust - spots a cikin ganyayyaki, abu don su nau'i nau'i.
5. Fruit rot - a fungal kamuwa da cuta, wadda ta halakar da 'ya'yan itace.

Plum Smolinka fallasa da kuma sauran cututtuka. Domin cutar rigakafin matakan yin amfani da asali itace kula.

Kwari mai hadarin gaske ga plums:

• asu.
• aphids.
• sawfly.

Cin codling core iri ko 'ya'yan itace da ɓangaren litattafan almara. Daya matafila iya lalata wasu 'ya'yan itacen. Ku yãƙi asu ne zai yiwu, ta hanyar spraying da shirye na musamman. Jiyya ne da za'ayi bayan flowering sa'an nan kuma bayan mako biyu.

Aphids lalacewa ganye, washe matasa rassan. Ku yãƙi shi wuya, saboda kwari suna mayar da hankali a kan ƙananan sassa na ganye. Matakan kawar da m shan a lokacin toho.

Sawfly bayyana 5 kwanaki kafin flowering da kayansa mãsu qwai a cikin buds. A larvae lalata 'ya'yan itãcen girma. Don yaƙar fesa tare da magungunan kashe qwari da flowering lokaci.

Babban matakan hana cututtuka da kuma parasites:

• Bishiyoyi da ya kamata a dasa a wani babba nesa daga juna.
• yana da muhimmanci a zabi wani m, da-ventilated wuri, ba tare da wani kusa ruwan karkashin kasa;
• Yana ba dace da shuka plum a daya rabo tare da poplars.
• lokacin da za a yi pruning, guje wa thickening na kambi, bayan pruning raunuka bi.
• dace kona yanke rassan da auku ganye, musamman marasa lafiya.
• lura da raunuka da itatuwa.
• yau da kullum jiyya fungicides.
• disinfection na duk lambu kayan aikin.
• kona kaka leaf fall.
• digging bishiya kafin hunturu kakar.
• aiki itatuwa Bordeaux ruwa ko wani bayani na jan karfe sulfate.

hure

Grade plum Smolinka ne samobesplodnym. A mafi kyau hure domin shi ne:

• opal.
• sosai a farkon.
• Blue kyauta.
• Volzhskaya kyakkyawa.
• Kwai blue.

Domin tabbatar da pollination, a kan site, tare da plum Smolinkoy dasa itatuwa pollinating sauran iri. Jinkiri tsakanin plum itatuwa kada wuce mita 10. Pollination ne da canja wurin da pollen a kan stigma na wani pistil. Wannan ne yake aikata by ƙudan zuma ko wasu kwari, kazalika da iska. manual pollination za a iya yi a cikin matsanancin.

Tun da lambatu Smolinka ne ba su iya kai-pollination, ta gaba kofa iya daban-daban iri da za a iya hadu da kansa.

Tare da kula dace magudana zai faranta da mai shi girbi mai kyau ga dama shekaru.