Pastoral shine ... Ma'anar kalmar. Labaran Pastoral na Ludwig van Beethoven

Pastoral shine jinsi a wallafe-wallafe, kiɗa, zane da wasan kwaikwayo. Menene ma'anar wannan kalma? Menene za'a iya kira pastoral? Menene wasu misalan amfani da kalmar a cikin wallafe-wallafe? Mene ne kiɗa na pastoral? A cikin ayyukan wacce masu kirkiro ke nan akwai ayyukan da aka keɓe don nuna halin rayuwar yankunan karkara ko yanayi?

Ma'anar kalmar pastoral

Wannan shi ne, na farko, wani nau'in da aka yi amfani da shi a wasu nau'o'in fasaha (zane-zane, kiɗa, littattafai da wasan kwaikwayo). An yi amfani dashi don nunawa da jinƙai da yankunan karkara da zaman lafiya na mutum. Har ila yau, ya danganta da ma'anar da sunan. An bayyana kamar shiru da kwanciyar hankali. A cikin fassarar daga pastoral Faransanci (pastoral) - yana da pastoral, yankunan karkara.

Pastoral - wani nau'i na musamman

A cikin Turai art al'adu ta wanzu for ƙarni da dama. Tarihin ya tabbatar da tsawon rayuwansa kuma ya nuna adadi mai yawa - ƙarni 23. Da farko ya ɗauki siffar a cikin nau'i na musamman na shayari. Amma da sauri yada zuwa sauran iri adabi, sa'an nan a cikin sauran zane-zane: zanen, music, wasan kwaikwayo, da sana'o'i. Nauyin bayyanar da zabin da aka tsara a kowane zamanin. Saboda haka, pastoral - wannan nau'i ne mai nau'i, kuma nau'i na jinsi. Hanyoyin kiɗa na pastoral sun kasance a duniyar duniyar. Ya kasance ƙarƙashin rinjayarta cewa fastoci a cikin fasahar Turai ya ci gaba. Su ne rawa na satyrs da nymphs, waƙoƙin makiyaya, wasanni akan kayan "pastoral" (busa da sauransu).

Misalan amfani da kalmar a cikin wallafe-wallafe

"Ya hau kilomita uku a cikin gandun daji da dusar ƙanƙara, wanda ba shi da wani abin da ya faru tare da farfadowa na kwari."

"Majalisa ta kasance kamar yadda aka riga ta kasance, an rufe garunsa a cikin launi mai launi guda guda kuma babu wuraren shimfidar wuraren fasto."

"Masu sana'a masu sana'a sun shuka da kuma ciyar da ƙasa." Ga Jack, aiki na pastoral na shinge ciyawa ita ce wani magani. "

Kamar yadda muka gani, a cikin wallafe-wallafe "fassarar" shine kalma da ake amfani dashi, wanda aka yi amfani dasu a wasu kalmomi ya juya don jaddada mahimmancin ma'ana. A nan akwai wasu alamomi da dama da suka bambanta.

"The saurayi wanda ya kawai ya woken sama daga pastoral sauti, iya gani a sunbeam, ya haskaka a fadin rufi a kan kansa."

"Ya ɓoye cikin gandun daji mai ban sha'awa da kuma duniyar da ya ba da kansa ga dukan waƙoƙin, wanda aka yi jigilar maƙalanta tare da zane-zanen falsafanci da kuma hada-hadar siyasa."

"Ya juya wasan kwaikwayo ne a cikin ainihin wasan kwaikwayon game da wahala da mummunar hatsari."

Pastoral a cikin kiɗa

Don nuna yanayin rayuwar yankunan karkara ko yanayi, ana kirkiro ayyukan da zasu iya kasancewa karami ko babba.

A kan Sikeli su ma faruwa daban. Music na Pastoral yana da halaye masu zuwa:

• Sanya motsin waƙa yana da kwantar da hankali.
• Yawancin da ake amfani dasu shine 6/8 ko 12/8.
• A cikin waƙa, na uku an ninka sau biyu.

Yawancin mawallafi sun juya zuwa fastora. Daga cikin su: ISBakh, A.Vivaldi, F.Cuperen, D.Skarlatti, L.Bethoven da sauransu. Ana iya samun karin wasan kwaikwayon Pastoral a cikin ayyukan K. Gluck, J. Ramo, J. Lully, V. Mozart, M. Ravel da sauran mawallafi.

Symphony na shida na Beethoven

Tarancin fastoci a aikin mai kida ya kasance na tsakiyar lokaci. Ranar da aka halicce shi shine 1806. A cikin wannan aikin babu gwagwarmaya tare da makircin makircin. A nan a cikin gaba shine abubuwa masu sauki na rayuwa ta duniya da kuma daukakar girman ikon yanayi.

An sadaukar da shi ne ga Prince F. Lobkowitz (Vienna philanthropist), wanda shi ne wakilin mai kulawa da wakilin. Ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, 1808, an fara sauti a gidan wasan kwaikwayo Vienna. Da farko, an kira shi "Sauye-sauye na rayuwar yankunan karkara."

Farawa na farko na aikin shine gazawar. Kungiyar wakilai ta ƙunshi masu aikin wasan kwaikwayon da aka tsara da kuma ƙananan matakin. Gidan ya yi sanyi, jama'a a cikin gashin gashi ba su dauki nauyin ba a matsayin samfurin da ya fi dacewa kuma ba su yaba da shi ba.

Taron mawaƙan Beethoven yana da matsayi na musamman a aikin mai tsara. Daga cikin tara sun kasance kawai software ne. Yana da suna guda ɗaya da kuma kai tsaye kai tsaye zuwa kowane ɓangare biyar. Lambar su da kuma bambanta daga tsarin farar hula na hudu da aka tsara ta hanyar shirin. Hoton bidiyo na tsawa mai banbanci shine bambanci da raye-raye na ƙauyuka da ƙauyuka da tashin hankali.

Wannan taron makada ne daya daga cikin mafi romantic na Beethoven ta ayyukansu. Mai rubutun kansa kansa ya rubuta cewa tana nuna damuwa daga haɗuwa da duniyar yanayi da rayuwar karkara.

Saboda haka, ana amfani da irin wannan nau'i a wasu nau'o'in fasaha (zane, wallafe-wallafen, kiɗa, wasan kwaikwayo). Yawancin mawallafi sun juya zuwa fastora. Wani wuri na musamman yana shagaltar da Symphony Pastoral na Beethoven, wanda shine abun da aka tsara. Yana nuna jin daɗin cike da wahayi daga yanayi mai ban mamaki da rayuwar rayuwar karkara.