Menene Lymph nodes: da wuri, tsarin da size. Dalilan da karuwa a Lymph nodes

Menene Lymph nodes? An iyakarsa amsar tambayar da za ka ga a cikin labarin kayan. Bugu da kari, za mu bayyana misali na jiki tsarin kazalika da dalilan da ya kumburi, zai yiwu sakamakon, da sauransu.

Overview

Menene Lymph nodes? Lymph kumburi da ake kira na gefe gabobin na lymphatic tsarin, wanda ya yi aikin aiki na da wata halitta tace. Ta hanyar da shi gudana duk Lymph zuwa daga sassa daban-daban da kuma gabobin jiki. A cikin mutane asirce da dama kungiyoyin da irin raka'a, wanda ake kira da yankin.

A size of Lymph nodes

Externally, da Lymph nodes kama da zagaye, m, wake-siffa ko kintinkiri-kamar samuwar wani lokacin. Da girmansu bambanta tsakanin 0.5-50 millimeters ko fiye. Kamar yadda aka sani, wadannan gefe gabobin an canza launin grayish-m launi. Lymph nodes an samu kawai a cikin shakka daga cikin lymphatic tasoshin , kuma ana shirya a gungu na zuwa goma guda a kusa da manyan jijiyoyinmu da jini.

bayyanar

mutum Lymph nodes an rufe connective nama daina kai hare hare, daga abin da mika cikin jikin da ake kira trabeculae ko bim. Su wakiltar ainihin goyon bayan tsarin. Ya kamata a lura da cewa sosai gefe sashin jiki, yin wata halitta aiki na da tace aka hada da stroma. An kafa na reticular connective nama, wanda suke sel tsari, kafa uku-girma cibiyar sadarwa. Bugu da kari, da stroma kunshi phagocytic abubuwa (ko macrophages), Lymph nodes wakilci a dama iri.

A ciki tsarin da Lymph kumburi

A wani sashe na Lymph nodes nan da nan gano biyu manyan zones. Kusa da ambulaf - bawo. Yana rarrabe surface rabo kuma mai zurfi yankin na bawo (ko ake kira paracortical Layer). Domin ciki sashi daga cikin Lymph kumburi hada da medulla.

Dukan sarari na jiki yana cike da lymphoid nama. A surface yankin na bawo, wanda shi ne mafi kusanta ga harsashi, su ne kananan nodules ko follicles. Ya kamata a lura da cewa suna da wani tsakiyar haske rabo (germinative cibiyar), inda bambantawa na B-lymphocytes da kuma antigen-yaduwa, kazalika da duhu surface, wanda ya ƙunshi babban adadin hankali spaced da juna da kuma a fairly kananan lymphocytes.

manufa na aiki

A paracortical lymphocytes zone spaced a ko'ina da kuma sosai m. A wannan bangare na jiki aka mamaye T-lymphocytes. Ga su sha bambantawa da yaduwa na antigen. Game da medulla, da gungu na lymphoid nama a cikin kwakwalwa ta buga strands (myelinated ko igiya), wanda ƙaura daga surface ɓawon burodi B-lymphocytes.

Ka'idar aiki na gefe sashin jiki ne da wadannan: da Lymph gudãna zuwa ga nodes a kan mafi kyau tare da convex gefen jirgin ruwa, da kuma gudana daga cikin concave ɓangare na wanzuwa. A wannan yanayin, a ciki da Lymph kumburi wajen sannu a hankali seeps na sarari kira sinuses. Suna located tsakanin fata da kuma trabeculae, kuma lymphoid nama.

Kamar yadda jini, ciki da sarari na da kumburi na da rufi, wanda aka kafa littoral Kwayoyin ko onshore. Matsayin mai mulkin, su tafiyar matakai an directed a cikin sinus, inda suka zo a cikin lamba tare da reticular Kwayoyin. Ya kamata a lura cewa da bambanci da na al'ada tasoshin a cikin sinus rami ba free, saboda shi ne gaba daya katange wani uku-girma cibiyar sadarwa. Saboda wannan tsarin Lymph shigar da naúrar, sannu a hankali seeps, wanda na taimaka wa ta a hankali tsabtace daga kasashen waje jikinsu. Har ila yau, wannan tsari na faruwa ne ta macrophages, aka located a gefen lymphoid aggregates. Ba zato ba tsammani, a lokacin da nassi na ba tare da (medulla) Lymph cikakken cikakken da antibodies tyazhu (kwakwalwa) samar da jini Kwayoyin.

Menene Lymph nodes?

Menene Lymph nodes, mun sami fita. Wa kuke so in yi magana game da, me ya sa muke bukatar wadannan jikuna. Gaskiyar cewa qoramu Lymph kumburi fitar da ake kira waje antigens. Wannan results a cikin ci gaban da rigakafi da martani halayen gabobin. Dangane da irin da kuma yanayi na kasashen waje jikinsu, irin halayen iya ci gaba cikin sauri a cikin waje ko ciki yankunan. Wannan results a cikin wani kawai m da karfi karuwa a cikin masu girma dabam na nodes. Saboda haka, zai iya a amince a lura cewa gefe gabobin ake wakilta wani irin shamaki ga yada kamuwa da cuta ba kawai daban-daban amma kuma ciwon daji. Bayan da kumburi iya nunarsa m Kwayoyin cewa an rayayye da hannu a cikin lalata waje antigens da sauran abubuwa.

Ina Lymph nodes?

Lymph nodes (photo gabatar a wannan labarin) ne a cikin jikin mutum a babban rukuni, daga abin da akwai wajen dozin guda. Suna located haka kamar yadda su hana ci gaban daban-daban cututtuka da kuma ciwon daji. Yana da wannan dalilin cewa nodes suna located kusa da mafi muhimmanci ga rayuwar gabobin da kuma tsarin, wato gwiwar hannu da gwiwa folds, armpits da kuma makwancin gwaiwa. Bugu da kari, suna located a cikin wuyansa, kirji da ciki. Saboda haka, Lymph nodes samar da cikakken kariya a kan daban-daban cututtuka da kuma marurai na shugaban.

iri nodes

Ya kamata a lura da cewa irin wannan tacewa tsarin ne ba kawai a cikin sama da aka ambata wurare. Limfokapillyary Alhlulbaiti duk kayan ciki. Duk da haka, da suka yi wannan aiki.

Saboda haka, akwai da dama kungiyoyin na Lymph nodes a cikin jiki, wato:

• intrathoracic.
• bronchopulmonary.
• gwiwar hannu.
• baƙin ciki.
• para-aortic.
• mesenteric.
• iliac (external, ciki, da kuma janar).
• inguinal (na waje da kuma zurfin).
• cinya.
• popliteal.

Me kumbura Lymph nodes?

Dalilan da karuwa a Lymph nodes - wani iri-iri cututtuka. Ya kamata a lura da cewa kunno shaida karo na damuwa daidai da yanki a cikinsa shi ne located. Mafi sau da yawa, wata karuwa a cikin Lymph nodes hade da wani kamuwa da cuta. Bugu da kari, wannan Pathology ya auku a kan bango na ƙari rauni.

Saboda haka, bari mu dauki wani kusa look, me ya sa, kuma a karkashin abin da cututtuka akwai wata karuwa da Lymph nodes a yara da kuma manya:

• Surkin jini tafiyar matakai. Yawanci, tare da irin sabawa wani da ake kira m lymphadenitis. Wannan na faruwa mafi sau da yawa a sakamakon ingress na kwayoyin cuta daga raunuka, wanda aka located a cikin Shiyyar Ganowar da wani gefe sashin jiki. Babban bayyanar cututtuka na kumburi hada da bayyanar taushi da kuma redness. Idan a irin wannan lokacin ba su bayyana sakamakon karo, taron harsashi karya da ruɓaɓɓen jini zai shiga cikin kewaye nama, haka samar da quite mai tsanani wahala ya kira phlegmon.
• Kara girman Lymph nodes a yara sau da yawa nuna gaban da tarin fuka. Yawancin lokaci, a irin wannan cuta bumps kafa a cikin thoracic rami da wuyansa.
• Sau da yawa cikin hanyar kara girman Lymph nodes a matasa da yara ne a bacteria Bartonella. Dako irin kwayoyin cuta ne cat, wanda scratches iya sau da yawa za a lura a cikin yaro. Shi ne ta hanyar wadannan raunuka jam shimfidawa sosai hanzari ta limfososudam kuma a cikin nodes, wanda baya kara da zama quite mai raɗaɗi. Saboda haka, na dogon lokaci ba ya warkar festering rauni, kazalika da Pine mazugi, abin da ya bayyana na gaba, ya kamata ko da yaushe suggestive cuta ci gaban "cat karce".
• Lokacin da SARS a manya da yara za su iya zama har zuwa dama kungiyoyin na kumbura Lymph nodes. Dalilin wannan sabawa ya wuce kima rigakafi da tsarin mayar da martani ga mamayewa na haƙuri ta jiki da wani ƙwayoyin cuta. Ya kamata a lura da cewa a irin wannan yanayi da Lymph nodes ƙaruwa ba karfi sosai, amma suna quite m on palpation.
• Venereal cututtuka, musamman, syphilis, kuma zama wani dalili na kara girman Lymph nodes. A wannan yanayin, da mãsu haƙuri iya tsayar a cikin lumps a cikin makwancin gwaiwa yankin, kazalika da sores a kan al'aurar. Ba kamar sauran cututtuka a syphilis kara girman Lymph nodes iya zama m, kuma daidai da, imperceptible da mutane.
• Long ba wucewa kungiyar kara girman Lymph nodes iya nuna gaban tsanani cututtuka irin listeriosis, brucellosis, HIV ko mononucleosis.

Kara nodes da marurai

Ƙari shafuka na iya faruwa saboda lymphoproliferative cuta (idan da farko ya samo asali daga Lymph kumburi busa), kazalika da metastatic raunuka. A farko sabawa farko da dangantaka lymphosarcoma da Hodgkin ta cutar. Lymph nodes a cikin irin cututtuka suna karu zuwa hudu ko biyar santimita kuma suna quite m. Duk da haka, idan ji kafa lumps ba mai raɗaɗi. Ba zato ba tsammani, da farko karuwa a ciki-ciki ko intrathoracic Lymph nodes irin cututtuka ba za a iya gane.

don takaita

Yanzu ka san abin da Lymph nodes. Ya kamata a lura da cewa karuwa a gefe tsarin jikinsu kamata nan da nan faɗakar da haƙuri. Dalilin shi ne mai sauki: a pathological yanayin da shawara cewa faruwa a kawo hadari ga rayuwa da kuma kiwon lafiya matakai a cikin jikin mutum. A wannan yanayin, shi ne shawarar nan da nan ganin likita da kuma sha cikakken kiwon lafiya jarrabawa.