Mene ne improvisation? Forms, hanyoyin da dabarun na improvisation

Improvisation a wani daga cikin samuwa nuni - wannan yana da muhimmanci da kuma quite mai ban sha'awa ɓangare na mu rai, duka biyu zamantakewa da kuma m. Yana maida hankali ne akan yankunan da yawa da kuma ayyukan, sabili da haka da tambaya ga abin da yake cikin improvisation da kuma abin da suke da rarrabe fasali, na iya faruwa ko da kuwa da aikin yi da kuma mutuntakar. Bari mu yi la'akari da shi a daki-daki.

To, abin da yake improvisation?

The kalmar "improvisation" da aka located a ji a yawancin mu. Samu daga Latin «improvisus», tana wakiltar wani aiki na kwatsam, m kuma ephemeral halittun, ko wahayi da ya zanen a kan m ilhami, ko da ikon da za su gudanar da wani rahoto daga scene ba tare da wani kafin horo. Alal misali, da ikon strum karin waƙa a kan wani m kayan aiki da kuma tallafawa yi saukar da wani karkata hira - menene wannan? Improvisation a duk da daukaka!

rarrabuwa

Matsayin wanda zai iya tsammani improvisation akwai da dama siffofin da kuma iri, babban daga cikinsu akwai:

• Musical improvisation - da ikon haifar da karin waƙa daga kõme ba. A wannan salo, da kayan aiki ba kome: akwai darussa da ci gaba da basira da improvisation a jazz, rock music, kuma ko da hip hop.
• Dance - kamar lamba improvisation da hip hop.
• Literary improvisation ko impromptu. A ikon ƙirƙira kuma ku tufãtar da batutuwa kamar ballads labaru ko shayari.
• Theatrical improvisation - dramatics, a cikin abin da actor ne iya kula cikin shakka daga cikin biyayya da kuma hali na hali na labarin, ko da kuwa ba labari, amma, kamar yadda halin da ake ciki na bukatar.

Wadannan iri improvisation za a iya gani a matsayin babban kuma mafi capacious: kowane daga cikinsu ya hada da wani yawan ƙarin batutuwa da yayi da shafi ko ta wani hanya, kusan dukan al'amurran da mutum rayuwa.

Improvisation a kan mataki

Dukanmu mun san misalai na improvisation a kan mataki a matsayin actor manta naka rubutu ko rawar a lõkacin da fuskantar unforeseen yanayi, da ya tilasta su ci gaba da misali da kanta. Wani lokaci baya daga cikin rawar da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma kananan improvisation a kan su kashi ko maraba. Duk da haka, a cikin sana'a sinimomi dangane da irin wannan fuskanta ne musamman tsanani: bai dace ba improvisation iya gaba daya karkatar da nufin wasan kwaikwayo image da haka barin wani tabo a kan play.

Tushen Theatrical improvisation stretch baya zuwa tsufa, a lokacin da wakilci zaba a general vector na ci gaba, a misali, wani muhimmin taron a fadar, wani sauyi a yaki, ko na halitta bala'i. Details ma bambanta dangane da shawarar da wasu "iko mafi" da kuma, da fuskantar da karshen, da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ya kamata ya kebe kansa gaba daya zuwa improvisation.

Improvisation a dance

Dance - shi ne mai sacrament a cikinsa, kamar yadda kuma zai iya ze, babu wani wuri da 'yanci da kuma free style, amma wannan imani da sauri karyata da wakilan dance ƙungiyoyi, kamar hip hop-, da kuma abin da ake kira lamba improvisation. Kuma idan farko wani zaɓi wakiltar wani musamman sa na ƙungiyoyi da kuma ayyuka, da karshen ne sau da yawa kira wani buɗi na gaskiya jituwa. Contact Choreography dogara ne a kan hulda da abokan, a cikin abin da suka iya duba domin yin wahayi a cikin ƙungiyoyi daga juna.

A cikin wani hali, improvisation iya zama da amfani ga wani dance style, kuma shi shakka ba zai zama superfluous da girma shahararsa na matasa da kuma mataki motsi. Don cimma wani abu tsanani a cikin wannan filin, da dancer ake bukata, a sama da dukan, mai kyau jiki iko da kuma jiki horo. Tare da waɗanda, za ka iya ci gaba zuwa mataki na gaba: nazarin jerin sauki ƙungiyoyi da kuma dabarun da za a iya nasaba daga baya a cikin wata guda naúrar, diluted maras tauyewa improvisational abubuwa.

Improvisation a music

Zai yiwu mafi m ɓangare na improvisational iyawa: da ikon ya dauki kamar wata saba tsirkiya, zauna a saba kayan aiki da kuma bayar da watakila unpredictable, amma shi ne mai cikakken kuma kai-tune. Wannan abin da improvisation don ƙirƙirar music: nan take rubutu da wani abu ba tare da wani shiri tare da lokaci daya kisa ƙirƙira.

Saboda haka, a farkon ya m hanya Johann Sebastian Bach ba kawai ta doke launin waƙa m mawaki kuma mawaki Lui Marshana, da suka halarci wani music hamayya, amma kuma kara da shi a matsayin bita da kuma improvisational florid faci cewa husufi haka ya abokin sauƙi. A kira zuwa gaba m duel Marchand kawai kauce masa, ba tsoro su yi tsayayya da irin wannan kere improviser.

Hanyoyin da m improvisation

Tare da wani kunne ga music , kuma Playing basira a kan wani musamman kayan aiki, za ka iya shiga cikin al'umma da improvisers composers. A farko matakai na iya zama sosai nasara, amma nazari na sababbin dabaru da kuma fahimtar ainihin Concepts na kwarewa to zo da tare da shi - da kyau kuzarin kawo cikas.

Kamar yadda wani misali, ka yi la'akari da dama hanyoyin da improvisation for piano:

1. Base: Ya kamata gano kamar yadda da yawa sautuka ta samar da wani ra'ayi game da tsari, sa'an nan zuwa ga fahimtar duk frets da keys, kuma a karshe Master da sauki trohzvuchnye guitar.
2. Makadi so wani sautin kuma amfani da shi a matsayin masu raka da daya hannun, strumming wasu karin waƙa. Shi ya sa hankali don canja sautin a wasan - shi ba ka damar zama saba da kayan aiki da kuma qara technicality na abun da ke ciki.
3. Game cikin guda tsirkiya. The ma'anar ne guda a matsayin batu a sama, amma dalilin da karin waƙa zama da aka zaɓa tsirkiya, wanda za a iya canza dangane da lissafi ba.

A cikin wani hali, wani muhimmin kashi na fasaha shi ne gudanar da aiki da kuma damar iya magance da music, don amfani da kansa hankali.

Improvisation a sadarwar

Mafi na kowa da kuma sauki bambance-bambancen da improvisation - iyali da damuwar kowannenmu: fi'ili improvisation. Abin da wani lokacin don haka da wuya a cimma da kuma cewa za su taimake ka ka sami kanka a cikin wani kamfanin - da ikon magana da yardar kaina a kan duk wani batu ba tare da stammering kuma pauses, ba tare da kalmomi-parasites da ciki danniya. Ba abin mamaki cewa a yanzu duk bangarorin ji da dama bada shawarwari dauki musamman darussa da horo, don gwada wani sabon Hanyar improvisation a tattaunawa ko auku m koyarwa. Ko da yake ainihin manufar wani horo an rage wa mai sauki zamba: kana bukatar ka yi a fili tãyar da topic, kuma zuwa matsi daga shi kamar yadda zai yiwu da nufin ya dace da ƙungiyoyi, digression ko al'amurran da suka shafi cewa za ka iya saka da sauran jam'iyyar.

Duk da kowa iri-iri, da hanyoyin da dabarun raya ga duk Categories ne irin wannan: daga mutum na bukatar kyau fantasy ko muradi shi - da ikon kewaya cikin ba topic, da kuma so ya ba da kanka yi.