M. Yu. Lermontov, "Pine": da abun ciki na waka da kuma bincike. Abin da Lermontov ta waka "Pine"?

A cikin XIX karni, na karshe Jamus romantic Genrih Geyne halitta a waka, wanda dogara ne a kan unrequited soyayya. Ya fassara na Rasha kasida. Kowane a cikin nasu hanyar. Amma mafi kyau translation ne har yanzu yi Mikhail Lermontov. "Pine" - a kananan amma dada kyau shayari game Loneliness kuma bege.

asali Heine

Genrih Geyne ya ba kawai witty jarida, amma kuma da ƙulla niyyar master na lyrical salo. Bayan yanke shawarar ya kebe da ƙaunataccen waka da ya rubuta octave na bege arewacin itace. Works sun warai lyrical. Kuma bayan shekara goma sha biyu na Rasha mawãƙi Mikhail Lermontov, ya fassara shi, wanda a baya taba yi. Literary translation ba m da mawãƙi, da kuma cewa ya kai shi ga wannan lokaci ne ba a sani ba. Amma, duk da haka, da waka a Rasha translation zarar ya zama da kansa Lermontov ta aiki. Ya ƙunshi motifs, kusa da dukan ayyukan Rasha shayari. Comparative bincike na Lermontov ta waka "Pine" da kuma ayyukan da Jamus mawãƙi ba wani tunani na yadda za daban-daban ciki irin abubuwan da wadannan biyu talented mawallafa.

A asali, akwai biyu images: fir da dabino. Kuma spruce a Jamus - namiji. Heine biya mai girma da hankali ga nasara na euphony a cikin o in. Kuma a cikin waka akwai wani yawa na dogon wasali sauti, da samar da wani mai son sha'awa m sakamako. The kawai kalma bã tãre da tawali'u, - Ein Fichtenbaum, wanda aka fassara yana nufin "spruce". Tare da wannan phonic liyafar marubucin ya ba da hoton ne daga wata itãciya rigidity da masculinity. Fassara Rasha mawãƙi master image - Pine. Lermontov rubuta waka dangane da riga kafa ayyuka, amma ya bar shi da wani abu na musamman.

Loneliness

The ban tausayi rabo yanayi da kuma siffofin da Mihaila Lermontova nuna a lyrics. A motif na Loneliness ne ba a cikin da dama daga cikin ayyukansa. Sau da yawa wadannan kalmomi suna same shi a cikin Littafin waqoqi, kamar yadda "daya", "m."

Uwar nan gaba mawãƙi aka hana a cikin shimfiɗar jariri. Na tashi ba tare da uba. Lokacin da ya shiga jami'a, babu daya yi magana. Ya ya kasance wani m hanya lyrics, sai kusa wa gunki Pushkin. Friends ya taba. Ware hali fara fito fili a cikin shimfiɗar jariri, a lokacin da a sakamakon kokarin da masu juna biyu kaka, nan gaba mawãƙi aka gaba daya hana mahaifinsa da hankali.

Daga baya, a lokacin da Lermontov ya zama ya fara tasawa, ya san cizon yatsa in ba haka ba. Domin shi ne mai real bala'i da siyasa halin da ake ciki a Rasha. Cizon yatsa ya juya a cikin wani ji na Loneliness, kuma wadannan sentiments an nuna a cikin ayyukansa, kamar "Sail", "dutse", "Na fita shi kadai a hanya", "Pine". Lermontov waka game da wata itãciya 'a Wild Arewa "da aka rubuta a 1841, watau a cikin shekara da mutuwarsa. Kuma rubuta wannan lyrical aiki ne daya daga cikin rare lokuta inda translation ba na baya zuwa na ainihi.

Pine

A farko stanza ne kishin da sanyi, amma real duniya, a cikin abin da ya rataya da itace. Pine a saman danda - wata alama ce Loneliness. M daskararre itace neman da napping. Su ji marubucin ya wuce ta wannan image. Bayan duk, shi ne ma ya duka short rayuwa ji fahimci, m.

Lermontov itatuwa bada ikon ji, to mafarki, don jin bakin ciki. Wannan ya yale shi ya gaske bayyana sadarin ji. Amma da mawãƙi kansa a lokaci guda ya nuna kafirci da kasancewar wani mutum kusa da shi. A lokacin da ya short rai ya yi isa dalilai to shakka mata aminci.

dabino

A kashi na biyu na waka daukan mana a cikin m ƙasar, inda, kamar Pine itacen, da itacen dabino tsiro bakin ciki. Dukansu mata itace. Yayin da Jamus marubucin gabatar da wani kwatanta da namiji da mace images cewa tuni magana game da babban batu na Heine. Domin da Jamusanci romantic lyrical babban muradi ya rabuwa daga ƙaunataccen, wanda ba shine waka "Pine". Lermontov waka sadaukar wajen ya so da za a gane da kuma ji.

Amma duk da haka da mawãƙi a so ya rabu da mu Loneliness kuma sami wani ƙaunar daya halitta a cikin tunanin ba siffar wani m aboki, da kuma mace form. Wannan a fili ya ce karshe Lines na waka, inda ya ke cikin mafarki image na "kyakkyawan itatuwan dabino."

Gaskiya da kuma mafarki

Taken Loneliness akai-akai juya Lermontov. Pine (analysis na samfurin nuna cewa wannan hoto ne ba quite lyrical) a cikin waka nuna mafi girma mataki na wadannan majiyai. A mawãƙi ya siffanta da yanayi na yanke kauna ta hanyar halittar biyu kananan halittu: sanyi da kuma zafi. A cikin farko ya yi kawaici Pine, a karo na biyu - itacen dabino. Kuma za su taba zama tare. Amfani da contrasting arewacin gefen ta Kudu, marubucin ya nuna ba zai yiwu ba mafarki.

Dream ko mafarki?

A karo na mafarki da gaskiya wanda - wata dabara da cewa yana amfani da a cikin fassarar Lermontov. Pine Rasha mawãƙi pines rufe da dusar ƙanƙara. Ta mafarkansu na mai nĩsa hamada, amma mafarki ba zai zama gaskiya. Wannan shi ne wani bambanci daga asali. A Jamus, "mafarki" da "ga mafarki" - da kalmomin da suke kusa a darajar da daidaita a sauti. Jamus mawãƙi ya ce: «Er träumt von einer Palme», wanda za a iya fassara a matsayin "mafarkai na itacen dabino," kuma kamar yadda "mafarkai dabino." Amma a cikin Rasha da harshen da kalmar "mafarki" da "Dream" taba synonymous kuma Paronyms. Zai yiwu harshen bambance-bambance don bunkasa sakamako, wanda ya nema ya haifar da Lermontov. "Pine" - shi ne ba kawai mai kyau translation. Wannan waka ne Ribar da ruhu na yanke ƙauna, wanda shi ne halayyar da Rasha hali. Yana iya zaci cewa shi ne a cikin Rasha fassarar mafarkin zama unrealizable mafarki.

musicality

Saboda sabon abu wasali sauti iya cimma a cikin aikinsa na Lermontov. "Pine" - a waka a cikin abin da a fili ya fice vocalism. A farko stanza kuma jawo hankalin hankalin maimaitawar na baƙi "s". Zai yiwu a fassarar Lermontov master image Na samu wani Pine itacen, da kuma itacen ba da namiji (misali, itacen al'ul), ba kawai saboda marubucin a kan ta farko aikin ya zuwa bayyana Loneliness, abin da mai Generic itace akidar taka rawa wajen ba. A batu, a maimakon haka, shi ne cewa marubucin ba in ba haka ba sun sami damar cimma irin wannan jitu sauti tsarin.