Launi Crystal - a bakan gizo a cikin gilashi

Crystal kayayyakin sun bayyana yawa da suka wuce. Tabbacin wannan - samu a lokacin archaeological tono da wani ɓaɓɓake daga gilashi. Point of canza launin crystal vases kasance a cikin kwanaki na tsufa. Crystal kayayyakin amfani da Romawa. Suka buga, kwanoni, kayan ado.

Czech ko canza launin crystal ga ƙarni farin ciki mutumin. Ya bayyana a Bohemia - wani yanki da ƙarshe ya zama da Jamhuriyar Czech, domin ta, kadan da aka sani. Abin da ya rayuwar mazaunanta, kamar yadda dade - ba mu sani. Sane da darussa na tarihi, cewa kafin ya zama da Jamhuriyar Czech, shi wanzu a karkashin sunan Bohemia.

Masu launin crystal gilashin lu'u-lu'u

Wani abu - Bohemian gilashi. Wannan sunan ya tsira ga wannan rana. Famous kayayyakin daga Bohemian gilashin ne suka shahara a duniya. Yana da wani m abu, kuma kyau. Its main alama - da m iridescent launuka, wanda wasa a cikin haskoki na haske, juya cikin wani shahararre silhouettes.

A duk sasanninta na duniya, shi ne mai daraja fiye da wani gilashi. A farko glassmakers suka ƙware da dabara na samar da Bohemian gilashi, su ne Czechs. Saboda haka, shi ne ake kira - Bohemian launi crystal.

Crystal- alatu

Tun da farko kayayyakin daga Bohemian crystal iya iya saya a duk. Ya aka dauke a alatu abu. Crystal saya kawai manya da arziki. Commoners da wani abu na Czech gilashi ba zai yiwu ba.

Kuma tun karshen karni na 12th, duk abin da ya canja. Jamhuriyar Czech zama tattalin arziki raya ƙasashe, masu tasowa, masana'antu domin yi na gilashi. Tun da farkon 90-ies na XVI karni akwai dukan gilashi-hurawa bitar. Kuma sosai da ewa ba, canza launin crystal zama samuwa ga talakawa mutane.

Iri na Czech crystal

A gaskiya, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa akwai da dama iri crystal. Wannan crystal halitta da kuma industrially tsara da mutane. Yau, akwai 4 iri crystal:

1. Mountain (a halitta samfurin).
2. Barium.
3. Gubar.
4. Alli da potassium.

Industrial crystal launi da aka halitta da fusing gubar oxide da silica, a haɗa da sodium, potassium da sauran ƙarin oxides.

Wannan crystal halittar fasahar an dauki mafi wuya da matukar hatsari. Gaza bada hašin kai matsayin da bayani dalla-dalla na iya zama wani bakin ciki sakamako.

Lokacin da crystal ne kerarre amfani da gubar da barium, bukatar sosai high yanayin zafi ya kai 1500 digiri. Yana amfani da daban-daban Additives da silica yashi. Tare da su taimako, Ya halitta karfi crystal.

Musamman thread gilashi

Launi crystal "Bohemia" ne sananne ga wani musamman thread a kan gilashin, wanda su ne suka kafa na zamanin d Romawa. Wannan sassaƙa a zamanin da ado da daban-daban tasoshin. Daga baya, wannan dabara da aka yi amfani da sarrafa da gilashin kayayyakin.

Kotun mai yin kayan ado na sarki Rudolf II shi ne na farko zama yadu a yi amfani da halittar da tsoho dabara na gilashin kayayyakin, game da shi, ɗaukaka kanta, da kuma gilashin a duk faɗin duniya. Ya kasance kunã aikatãwa da kansa musamman dabara. Wannan yanke-gilashin kayayyakin da lafiya engraving, lu'u-lu'u fuskoki dabam-dabam, kuma puncturing.

Tun wannan lokacin, wani sabon zamanin gilashi-hurawa. Musamman, na asali style a art Bohemian gilashin da yanke warwatse a duniya. Products, Ya sanya daga Czech crystal tsiwirwirinsu m shahararsa a Turai. Kuma nan da nan da kayayyakin ya captivated dukan kasuwar a gabas ta tsakiya.

Dukan kayayyakin da Czech artists sãɓã wa jũna daga kayayyakin da sauran sana'a. Na buga da masu launin crystal, na farko, da musamman ado kyakkyawa. A farko wanda ya fara saya Czech gilashi, sun Ottoman sultans.

Duk da haka, a cikin VI karni Czech gilashin da shi ba tukuna da crystal cewa yanzu. Ba ta kasance ba har zuwa karshen 1676, watau har irin wannan lokaci kamar yadda gilashin abun hura, wani dan Burtaniya da haihuwa, ba kokarin a cikin Bohemian gilashin ƙara gubar oxide. Gwani Rayvenskroft kokarin da yawa hanyoyin.

Ya nemi ya haifar da wani karfi, kuma a lokaci guda, da wani kyakkyawan gilashi. A wuri na musamman a cikin gwaje-gwajen da ya dauki wani kwaikwayo na lu'u-lu'u. Ta dauki gilashin kyau, sonorous da kuma m abu.

Da zuwan gilashin bayyana farko crystal. Yana da aka daban-daban daga dukan sauran nau'o'in kwanyarsa da wuce yarda da kyau sauti. Daga baya Czech glassmaker Mueller ya yi amfani da cimma Rayvenskrofta, sa'an nan a tsakiyar 1684 akwai wani launin crystal, shi ne cewa yadda muka san shi. Yau, da Czech Republic, amfani da hanyoyi guda biyu na gilashi samar:

1. Bohemian gilashi.
2. Fentin gilashi.

Asirin Bohemian crystal

Sacrament na halitta ke da karni. A cikin halittar Bohemian gilashin shi yana amfani da kawai da haihuwa fasahar ta samar. Godiya a gare su, bayan curing, ya bayyana, da karfi, tare da musamman luster.

Crystal zama haka a sakamakon aikin carvers da polishers. Dukan aikin ne yake aikata dukan hannunka, abin da ya sa gilashin sparkle daidai da Diamonds.