Lake Chebarkul - janye Chelyabinsk Region

Lake Chebarkul (map aka nuna a cikin hoto a kasa) da aka located a cikin Southern Urals, a gabashin Ural Mountains, da administrative - a cikin Chelyabinsk yankin.

sunan

sunan lake zo daga hadawa da harsuna biyu - Bashkir da Tatar.

• Bisa ga Bashkir "Sibur" na nufin "m", "sanyi" - "lake".
• A Tatar harshe "chybar" - "m", "buhu", kazalika da a farko yanayin, "lake".

Saboda haka shi ya faru "kyakkyawan motley lake". Lalle ne, a tafkin Chebarkul (Chelyabinsk Region) - daya daga cikin mafi kyau ruwan Ural Switzerland. Diversity ba shi ruwa shuke-shuke, girma a cikin wani iri-iri da ya Tuddan gaba. Shi ya ba da sunan da lake da kuma birnin, located a gabashin tudu.

labarin

Mutanen farko zaune kusa da tafkin fiye da 40 000 da suka wuce. A kudancin da kuma kudu maso yammacin ƙasar ne fiye da arba'in na archaeological shafukan daga Neolithic zuwa farkon Iron Age.

A tsakiyar zamanai a kusa da tafkin aka sanaki kabilu da kuma assimilated Tatars da Bashkirs. A XVII karni fara ci gaban wannan yanki na Cossack freemen, "artisan lyudom 'da kuma free manoma. A 1736 Chebarkul sansanin soja da aka gina a gabashin tudu da lake. Shi aikin da aiki na staging batu a da isar da abinci zuwa babban birnin lardin - Orenburg. Amma duk da bayyanar da wani sansanin soja, Chebarkul Lake da kewaye na dogon lokaci zauna a Haven domin barayi da sauran "kõfatansu a kan duwatsu jama'a." A tunawa da cewa lokaci, daya daga cikin tsibiran da ake kira "ɗan fashi".

Ba kare wadannan wurare da kuma Pugachev tawaye. A 1774, da sansanin soja da aka dauka da 'yan tawayen a kan iyakarta da kuma a kan gaba daga cikin lake ya sansaninsu. Mãsu bãyar da bãya, bayan da aka ci ta da dakarun gwamnati, "Pugachev" ƙone ginin. Daga bisani, na maido da kagara ya dauki shekaru biyu. Daga baya ya juya a cikin daya daga cikin mafi girma a birane a Kudancin Urals - birnin Chebarkul (Chelyabinsk yankin).

Origin da kuma binciken kasa

Chebarkul - tafkin tectonic asalin. Ya haihuwa, masana kimiyya m game da 10 shekara dubu. lake tudu ne mafi yawa m, amma akwai low-maƙaryaciya, swampy yankunan. Rocks - gneiss, quartzite da pyroxenite. A ƙirin ne sababbu, sau da yawa precipitous.

Chebarkul Lake yana da dama tsibiran. A arewacin - dinari, 'yan'uwa biyu, Ship, Raider, gabas Coast ne tsibirin Char da kuma kudu - most - Grachev. A ƙirin siffofin jutting nisa a cikin tafkin, an rufe cliffs na sashin Krutik, Nazarysh, Kos, Linden, Cow kabido da sauransu. Its unevenness da gudummawar da zargin da yawa ƙanana da manyan bays da backwaters, da ake kira da yan unguwa "kuryami".

Description da Hydrology

Tsawo, wanda yake shi ne tafkin Tchebarkul ne 320 m Its yankin -. 19,8 sq. km. Matsakaicin zurfin kandami ne 12 m, talakawan - 6 m. A Chebarkul dauke - 154 miliyan cubic mita. m na ruwa. Hawa da sauka daga ta negligible matakin - 1,25 m mafi ruwa matakin -. A watan Yuni. Lake daskarewa faruwa a watan Nuwamba, da kuma kankara narkewa da aka kammala a farkon watan Mayu. Fresh ruwa, ma'adinai abun ciki a cikinta 0,3679 g da lita.

Lake abinci zo gauraye hanya. Samar da ruwa da aka mamaye da ruwan sama. Amma taka muhimmiyar rawa da kuma kananan koguna. Cikin ƙorama Elovka, gudãna daga cikin lake. Spruce, waterways da Kudryashevka Kundurusha. Chebarkul fãra p. Koelga, wani ɓangare na kwari. Obi. Har ila yau a cikin tafkin ne spring kafofin.

The ruwa matakin a tafki a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da na halitta dalilai (fari, ko, a maimakon haka, ake yin dusar ƙanƙara shekaru) fluctuated dan kadan. Amma a cikin 1970s ya zama m fall. By 1990, shi ya kai 318 mita saman teku matakin a wani kudi na 320 m. Yana da aka sa ba sosai ta maye na bushe sosai shekaru, nawa ne ma m amfani da lake ruwa da bukatun Chebarkul yankin (Chelyabinsk yankin). A shinge ya ba su wuce miliyan 3.6 cubic mita a kowace shekara. Duk da haka, birnin nan cinye game da miliyan 8 cubic mita. m lake ruwa. Matakan da aka dauka zuwa tafki jikewa - kumbura gado ƙõramu sunã gudãna a cikinta, gina wani ruwa bututun daga Kambulatovskogo kandami, sanya bincike artesian marẽmari a kusa da birnin. Duk da wannan biya kashe - a 2000 da ruwa a cikin tafkin fara a hankali ya tashi, da kuma ta 2007, ta matakin ya bounced baya.

Nature da kuma namun daji,

A yammacin bakin Chebarkul ne m coniferous gandun daji. Akwai ma suna rare ga Kudu Ural shuke-shuke karya itatuwa. Sun kuma girma a kusan duk tsibiran lake. A gabas Coast aka mamaye gandun daji ciyayi - filin tare da sparse Birch kuma thickets na daji teku buckthorn. Kusa da gefen ruwa a yalwace girma Willow, alder sarƙaƙƙiya.

Lake Chebarkul arziki a sedges, rushes, kyauro, cattails da pondweed. Musamman mai yawa ciyayi a low-kwance gaba da bays da backwaters. Thickets na wadannan tsire-tsire ne da aka fi so wuri domin wintering da spawning kifi. A tsakiyar lokacin rani ruwa blooms sau da yawa, musamman a wannan kuryah.

A fauna daga cikin lake ne gargajiya ga Ural tabkuna. Wannan shi ne da farko wani kifi - irin kifi, crucian irin kifi, rudd, bream, Pike, perch, Ruff da sauransu. Irin wannan iri-iri na goyon bayan Chebarkulsky kamun kifi. Ya kuma daukawa fitar kasuwanci kama kifi. The lake na bude ga dukan kama kifi magoya, wanda zai iya kamun kifi a kan shi shekara-zagaye.
A ta kusanci, zai fi dacewa a wajen yamma, an samu barewa, zomaye, Foxes, wani lokacin bayyana Elk. A marshy kuryah yardar kaina jin kadangaru da macizai. M viper - m baƙi a kan lake Chebarkul. Natsu ka iya tsara duk shekara zagaye, amma dole ne ka yi hankali da kuma kauce wa dausayi.

Ban sha'awa Gaskiyar - meteorite

Yau, da lake Chebarkul aka sani a duniya. Irin wannan shi ne shahararsa da wani gagarumin taron. Fabrairu 15, 2013 a kan ƙasa na Chelyabinsk yankin a tsawon game da 50 km akwai wani fashewa da wani meteorite. Lake Chebarkul ya zama wani wuri na fadowa, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa yin la'akari game da 600 kg. A watan Satumba na wannan shekara, na shi (4.8 kg), an tashe shi daga tushe. Yanzu ta ne a cikin Chelyabinsk gidan kayan gargajiya.