Kwayoyin "zyvox": umarnin don amfani, analogs

A lura da kwayan cututtuka likita yawanci rubũta maganin rigakafi. Wadannan kwayoyi da wata babbar yawan iri. Hakika, duk wani nau'i na antiseptic pharmaceutical kayayyakin shi yiwuwa a san, amma wasu magunguna da kwayan cututtuka ne na musamman sha'awa.

Daya daga zamani maganin rigakafi, wanda aka gabatar a cikin kasuwar magunguna - shi ne "zyvox". Umurnai na yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi nuna cewa wannan antimicrobial wakili na roba asalin. A nasa ne na musamman kungiyar - oxazolidinone. Babban aiki sashi ne linezolid. sakamako daga cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi "zyvox", umarnin don amfani, analogs, illa kuma contraindications: Next mun da wadannan bayanai za a dauke.

A abin da fom da aka samar?

A miyagun ƙwayoyi ne samuwa a biyu sashi siffofin:

• A cikin irin granules, rasu fari ko yellowish a launi da kuma tare da orange dandano. Daga cikin wadannan, wani bayani pereoralnogo domin yin amfani da fata cewa a 5ml na gama dakatar zai dauke da 100 MG na linezolid. A granules aka sanya a cikin wani mai rarrafe da damar 150 ml. Har ila yau a cikin kunshin yana da wani aunawa cokali tare da graduations (2.5 da kuma 5 ml na dakatar).
• A cikin nau'i na alluna dauke da 600 MG na linezolid. A kunshin yana da wani bororo da 10 Allunan ciki.
• Jiko bayani dauke 2 MG linezolid / 1 ml, a kunshe na 100, 200, 300 ml.

Mene ne pharmacological sakamako daga cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi?

Active abu linezolid yana da ikon shiga cikin kwayan cell, su ɗaure su ribosomes da kuma hana gina jiki kira. A sakamakon haka, da kananan kwayoyin halitta suna kashe.

Da wani kwayoyin taimaka miyagun ƙwayoyi?

Drug "zyvox" umurci manual wanda ke tafiya tare kowane kunshin tare da wani magani da yadda ya kamata ya aikata a kan wadannan kwayoyin:

• Gram-tabbatacce aerobic kwayoyin cuta: Enterococcus, Corynebacterium, staphylococcus, Streptococcus.
• Gram-korau aerobic kwayoyin cuta daga cikin HALITTAR Pasteurella.
• Gram-tabbatacce anaerobic kwayoyin: Clostridium da peptostreptokokki.
• Gram-korau anaerobic kwayoyin da danginsu prevotella, bakteroides, chlamydia.

Don linezolid moderately saukin kamuwa da kwayoyin da danginsu Moraxella, Legionella, wato Mycoplasma.

Akwai kuma kananan kwayoyin halitta wadda ya nuna juriya ga linezolid, wani ɓangare na miyagun ƙwayoyi "zyvox". Umurnai na amfani nuna da wadannan resistant damuwa: Haemophilus kwayoyin cuta, kazalika da bayarwa enterobakteriatsea, nizera da Pseudomonas.

A abin da cututtuka da shi da aka nuna da magani?

Kwayoyin "zyvox" da aka sanya wa wadannan cututtuka:

• Kamuwa da kuma kumburi cututtuka da cewa suna lalacewa ta hanyar kwayoyin da suke kula da ba da miyagun ƙwayoyi.
• A lokuta da nosocomial ko al'umma-samu ciwon huhu.
• Tare da cututtuka raunuka na fata da kuma taushi tsokoki na jikin mutum.
• A gaban cututtuka, jamiái wanda suke enterococci exhibiting jure vancomycin.

Har ila yau, "zyvox" kwayoyin za a iya amfani da a matsayin bangaren da ya hade da irin far da cututtuka tasowa saboda gram-korau kwayoyin.

pharmacokinetics

Linezolid ne halin da fairly m absorbability daga narkewa kamar fili a cikin jini rafi, ko da kuwa siffar saki wakili. Tuni bayan 2 hours bayan gwamnati da miyagun ƙwayoyi, ta maida hankali a cikin jini ya kai a kalla. Linezolid ne halin da cikakken bioavailability da sauri ne ta rarraba a gabobin da kyallen takarda. Ko da kuwa abin da taro na kwayoyin a cikin jini 31% daure su jini sunadaran.

A cikin mutane, linezolid aka metabolized da hadawan abu da iskar shaka da biyu kayayyakin da ba su da antimicrobial mataki. Suna excreted da kodan (kamar 50%) kuma hanjinsu (har zuwa 6%). Up to 35% ba metabolized maganin rigakafi excreted da fitsari.

Alama ta barga pharmacokinetics, wanda aka halin da miyagun ƙwayoyi "zyvox". Umurnai na amfani dangane da rashin magani gwajin a kan haƙuri ta shekaru. Saboda haka, da tsofaffi ba ya bukatar da karbuwa daga cikin sashi na Pharmaceutical samfurin.

sashi

A medicament "zyvox" iya sanya likita don a haƙuri ga baka gwamnati ko a cikin nau'i na igiyar jini jiko gwamnati. Bugu da ƙari, da mãsu haƙuri za a iya canjawa wuri daga daya jinsin zuwa wani ingestion ba tare da rasa tasiri na magani.

Magani sashi, duration daga cikin shakka za designate da likita, da kuma lura da wadannan yanayi suna lalacewa ta hanyar da wadannan dalilai:

• abin da irin kwayoyin da aka sa da cutar.
• sarrafa kamuwa da cuta.
• mai tsanani daga cutar.
• asibiti amfana daga far.

Lokacin da streptococcal ciwon huhu, al'umma-samu da kuma asibitin-type a manya da yara a kan shekaru 12 da wajabta 600 MG na "zyvox" miyagun ƙwayoyi. Manual nuna cewa shan kashi na magani ya kamata a aiwatar da kowane 12 hours da kuma hanya duration ne 10-14 kwanaki.

Domin cututtuka na fata, ko taushi tsokoki, da rikitarwa ko uncomplicated lalacewa ta hanyar staphylococci, streptococci da enterococci resistant zuwa vancomycin, ciki har da ciwon sukari kafar ciwo (ba tare da osteomyelitis) sanya kashi "zyvox" 600 MG. Umarni ma ya nuna cewa tazara tsakanin shan magani dole ne 12 hours. A hanya na lura yana 10-14 kwanaki, amma na iya wuce har zuwa kwanaki 28 a kan kiwon lafiya da sayen magani.

Idan haƙuri yana koda hanawa, kashi daidaito na magani ya kamata. A hemodialysis hanyoyin linezolid an cire kan wani lokaci tsawon 3 h. A dangane da wannan, da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kamata a dauka bayan taron a kan tsarkakewa daga cikin jini. Marasa lafiya da suke kamu da hanta gazawar, kuma ba ya bukatar da karbuwa daga cikin sashi.

Marasa lafiya matasa, fiye da shekaru 12 da haihuwa da ake sa kawai zuwa ga tsari na miyagun ƙwayoyi jiko "zyvox". Umarni don amfani a jarirai da kuma yara ya nuna cewa linezolid a dauka a cikin wani sashi na 10 MG / kg jiki nauyi da yaro a wani mita a kowane 8 hours. A hanya na lura shi ne daga 10 zuwa 14 days. Wannan sashi daga cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi zuwa Topical far a al'umma-tsiwirwirinsu, da nosocomial ciwon huhu, taushi nama kamuwa da cutar, da kuma fata, kazalika da magance enterococcal cututtuka.

M daina kai hare hare sanya na tsare, an cire nan da nan kafin jiko hanya. Wajibi ne a duba kunshin ga leaks ta squeezing shi ga 1 minti daya. Ma'ajiyar marufi unusable saboda ba sterility. A jiko bayani ne gudanar a kan wani lokaci tsawon 30-120 minti.

Features na aikace-aikace

Akwai wasu siffofin liyafar "zyvox" miyagun ƙwayoyi. Manual nuna cewa idan da kamuwa da cuta ne ya sa ta gram-korau kwayoyin cuta, ya zama dole a haɗa ƙarin kwayoyi tare da aiki da wannan rukuni na kwayoyin.

Lokacin da samun linezolid wasu marasa lafiya na iya faruwa reversible myelosuppression. Dangane da tsawon na far ne halin da anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia ko pancytopenia. Bisa ga wadannan bayanai, sa idanu jini kirga ya kamata a yi a marasa lafiya tare da hadarin zub da jini. Har ila yau, wadannan matakan ne dace idan haƙuri yana da wani tarihi na myelosuppression ko ya rika kwayoyi da rage matakan haemoglobin da platelets ko su aiki. Ƙimar na jini kirga ne kuma wajibi ne a lokacin shafe tsawon magani lokaci (14 days).

Wasu marasa lafiya da samun linezopida iya a tare da hadarin colitis, pseudomembranous yanayi daban-daban na nauyi.

Zawo ne na kowa a mutanen da shan maganin rigakafi akai-akai. Da har na wannan gefe sakamako iya bambanta daga m to mai tsanani. Duk da yake shan miyagun ƙwayoyi, "zyvox" kwaya ko dakatar da shi ne, akwai danniya na al'ada hanji microflora da overgrowth da kwayoyin cuta na HALITTAR Clostridium. A kan aiwatar da su rayuwa wannan kwayoyin samar da gubobi A da B kungiyoyin, kuma suka sa zawo. Dagagge matakan wadannan aka gyara na iya zama m ga marasa lafiya. All marasa lafiya da suke halartar irin wannan zawo, bukatar da hankali likita dubawa na tsawon watanni 2.

A wasu lokuta, mai tabarbarewar da magani daga miyagun ƙwayoyi "zyvox". Umarnin don amfani a yara da kuma manya, isharar yiwu canji a launi ji, na gani mayar da hankali, filin lahani, Heart. A cikin wadannan lokuta, da mãsu haƙuri ya kamata nan da nan tuntubar ido likita. Idan wannan magani yana dauka da haƙuri a kan wani dogon lokaci (fiye da watanni 3), to, shi ne m yi iko da. A abin da ya faru da kuma ci gaban abubuwan da ke faruwa kamar na gefe neuropathy ko na gani jijiya, da tambaya da lõkacin fatara daga miyagun ƙwayoyi far idan amfanin daga shi ne kasa da barnar zuwa kiwon lafiya.

Har ila yau, akwai lokuta na lactic acidosis yayin da shan "zyvox". Yana bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i na tashin zuciya da amai, acidosis ko m rage carbonate anions. Wannan sabon abu ne a hankali kula da kiwon lafiya gwani.

Idan haƙuri yana da wata bukata, a tare da tare da "zyvox" shan zabe serotonin reuptake hanawa, shi ya kamata a dauka a karkashin likita dubawa domin gane serotonin ciwo: wani gazawar da fahimi aiki, hyperreflexia, hyperpyrexia, kuma incoordination. A gaban da aka bayyana mamaki samar an daina daya ko biyu kwayoyi. Kamar wancan akwai discoloration na hakori enamel, wanda aka cire ta sana'a tsaftacewa.

Akwai wani gargadi ga sama "zyvox" miyagun ƙwayoyi. Umurnai na amfani (Allunan shi ko granules domin dakatar - ba kome) ya furta cewa: da magani tare da linezolid ba da shawarar tuki motocin, musamman kayan aiki gudanar da ayyukan shafe hadarin rayuwa da kuma kiwon lafiya.

Mene ne illa na wani magani?

M halayen da za su iya faruwa a wani haƙuri yayin da shan na Pharmaceutical wakili "zyvox 600 MG" classified da wanzuwar mita daga sosai akai-akai (10%) zuwa sosai rare (0.01%).

Yawanci, da illa a lura da miyagun ƙwayoyi "zyvox" umarnin don amfani, wannan bayani ko kwamfutar hannu, sabon abu kira m ko matsakaici mai tsanani. Special rate yana da wadannan sifofi:

• tashin zuciya.
• zawo.
• ciwon kai.

A adult marasa lafiya kuma iya samun maƙarƙashiya, amai, zafi a ciki, bloating, kuma vulvovaginal cuta da na baka rami.

By wuya faruwa gefen sakamakon da miyagun ƙwayoyi "zyvox" umarnin don amfani (ga yara sama shekaru 12 da manya) ya kira canji a cikin launi na da harshen launi.

Bisa dakin gwaje-gwaje karatu, shi za a iya bayar da hujjar cewa a lokacin jiyya da wannan kwayoyin ne sau da yawa gano thrombocytopenia. Ba haka a kai a kai lura karuwa a jini matakan triglycerides, mahaukaci kunnawa da hanta enzymes Alt, AST, alkaline phosphatase, LDH da lipase da amylase. karuwa a maida hankali total bilirubin, creatine da prolactin kuma rubuta.

A juyayi tsarin na haƙuri iya amsa kiran da miyagun ƙwayoyi da linezolid. Wannan ne sau da yawa da aka bayyana a vertigo da migraines, kazalika da cramps. Rarer bayyananen miyagun ƙwayoyi illa lokuta dandana batattun.

Canje-canje a cikin al'ada aiki na tsakiya m tsarin zai iya sa "zyvox" (Allunan). Guide nuna quite na kowa rashin barci a marasa lafiya a lokacin hanya na lura da wannan Pharmaceutical shiri.

The aiki na genitourinary tsarin far amfani da "zyvox" za a iya nuna a cikin nau'i na farji candidiasis.

Sau da yawa akwai kuma cutaneous manifestations linezolid magani a cikin wani nau'i na rashes.

Daga cikin sauran illa za a iya kira febrile mamaki da kuma opportunistic fungal kamuwa da cuta, wanda ya auku infrequently.

Har ila yau, a lokacin da "zyvox" binciken miyagun ƙwayoyi aka lura lokuta da cutar hawan jini, itching da kuma bacin.

Linezolid da magani daga matashi marasa lafiya shekaru 12 zuwa shekaru 17, sau da yawa samu wadannan ba a ke so effects:

• zawo da amai, tashin zuciya, ciwon mara.
• vertigo, migraine.
• rash.
• cututtuka daga cikin manya Airways, tari, ciwon makogwaro.
• zazzabi.
• zafi da cewa da wuya a bayyana sarrafawa.

Wadannan mamaki iya faruwa ma halin da ƙananan mita:

• eosinophilia.
• kara a triglycerides, Alt, lipase kuma creatine.
• itching.

ƙarin illa aka gano a asibiti binciken, wanda aka halin "zyvox" (bayani, da Allunan). Wadannan sun hada da:

• reversible myelosuppression.
• neuropathy na na gani jijiya.
• anaphylaxis.
• harafin angioneurotic edema.
• lactic acidosis.
• gefe neuropathy hali.
• discoloration na hakori enamel.
• jin sanyi.
• gajiya.
• serotonin ciwo.

As "zyvox" shi ne a hade tare da wasu magunguna?

Lokacin da Co-gudanar da cytochrome babu canji da aka lura a karshe aiki.

Idan a lokaci guda bi da tare da linezolid da monoamine oxidase hanawa, da karshen sakamakon da aka inganta. Bisa ga wannan al'amari, shi wajibi ne don rage sashi na agonists da Dofaminomimetiki.

Lokacin da Co-gudanad da miyagun ƙwayoyi "zyvox" da kuma antidepressants wanda hana fahimta daga serotonin, serotonin ciwo na iya faruwa.

A cikin hali na co-gwamnati tare da "aztreonam" ko "Gentamycin" farmakinetika linezolid aka ba lura.

Co-gwamnati tare da "Rifampicin" ya shafi ragewan da taro makismalnaya "zyvox" - har zuwa 32%.

contraindications

A miyagun ƙwayoyi ne unacceptable domin yin amfani da marasa lafiya tare da ƙara ji na ƙwarai to main ko ƙarin aka gyara a cikin tsarinta.

Idan haƙuri daukan phenelzine ko isocarboxazid, linezolid sa'an nan ba za a iya dauka a lokacin far, da kuma 2 makonni bayan haka.

Idan ba za ka iya sarrafa jini, da "zyvox" unacceptable mu bi marasa lafiya da wadannan cututtuka:

• m hauhawar jini.
• hyperthyroidism.
• pheochromocytoma.
• kazalika da hadin gwiwa liyafar tare da agonists da Dofaminomimetiki.

A rashin yiwuwar m kallo na haƙuri da hadarin serotonin ciwo "zyvox" ba za a iya sanya a cikin wadannan yanayi:

• gaban carcinoid cuta.
• gwamnati na kwayoyi da hana reuptake na serotonin, tricyclic antidepressants jinsunan triptans "Miperedina" da "buspirone".

Tablet form "zyvox" An contraindicated a yara a karkashin shekaru 12 saboda rashin yiwuwar selection na isasshen sashi.

Da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne nuna ga magani idan amfanin sa ran daga shi fiye da hadarin a cikin wadannan lokuta:

• koda da hanta insufficiency.
• tsari cututtuka.
• Pregnancy kuma lactation.

Zai iya zama wani miyagun ƙwayoyi yawan abin sama?

A asibiti karatu, kazalika da ci gaba da yin amfani da shiri "zyvox" a asibiti ko al'umma-samu aikace-aikace yawan abin sama da aka ba gano. Lokacin da wannan ya auku ne shawarar symptomatic far.

Storage kuma saki

Drug "zyvox" samuwa a Pharmacy ta sayen magani. Ci gaba da ya kamata ya kasance a wurin, iyakance ta da danshi da kuma hasken rana kai tsaye a zazzabi ba fiye da 30˚C, don takura yara damar.

analogs

A cikin hali na unacceptability magani "zyvox" analogs na kama sharudda iya sanya wa babban magani sakamakon da aiki abu:

• Lokacin da ciwon huhu da kuma mashako - "Doxycycline hydrochloride" "Bronhorus" "Arlette".
• Lokacin da bakteialnyh cututtuka - "Chloramphenicol 0.25 g", "Vankomabol", "Lifakson".
• Tare da cututtuka na fata - "Benzathine Benzylpenicillin", "Sulfadimetoksin".
• Lokacin da nonhealing raunuka - "Tsifaleksina sodium gishiri", "Liphuzol".

Don rubũta su a cikin wannan jerin kamata kawai likita, domin kowane magani yana da alamomi, contraindications, kuma musamman da liyafar.