Kimiyyar kwamfuta

A shekaru na juyin juya halin bayanai kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da m (8000-5000 shekaru BC. E.) Ko masana'antu (1750-1850 shekaru BC. E.) Shin kananan. Amma, duk da short (as wani m ilimi horo) tarihi, shi ya sanya wani muhimman hakkokin taimako ga ci gaban kimiyya da kuma al'umma. Bugu da kari ga lantarki, kimiyyar kwamfuta sanya shi yiwuwa a aiwatar da ra'ayin na cewa yanzu shekaru za a halin da mutane ta ikon aika bayanai da yardar kaina, kuma suna da take samun data cewa zai zama da wuya, ko ba zai yiwu ba a samu a baya. Wannan ra'ayin yana da nasaba da zuwan dijital fasaha. A sakamakon miƙa mulki daga gargajiya masana'antu don wani tattalin arzikin dangane da yin amfani da bayanai. A kasar mu soma nazarin kimiyyar kwamfuta a makarantu tun shekarar 1985.

A ra'ayi yana da dama ma'anar. Don bayyana shi a matsayin wani yanki na mutum aiki, yana yiwuwa ya mayar da hankali a kan uku main m sassa. Daya daga cikinsu - wani reshe na kasa da tattalin arziki, da kuma sauran - wani amfani da'a. Dukansu suna dogara ne a kan na uku bangaren - kwamfuta, a matsayin kimiyya na wani muhimman hakkokin yanayi.

Its nasarori ne na bayar da muhimmanci da kuma aka aiwatar a kwamfuta tsarin, a zalla msar tambayar filayen da m aikace-aikace. Wannan haduwar ka'idar, wadda ke nazarin da muhimman hakkokin Properties na ilmin lissafi abubuwa, kwamfuta graphics, shirye-shirye da harsuna, ka'idar, bincike da kuma bayanin irin lissafin mutum-kwamfuta hulda da sauransu.

A Amirka, kafofin da'awar cewa Kalmar "kimiyyar kwamfuta" (a American English sauti «kwamfuta kimiyya» da kuma fassara a matsayin "kimiyyar kwamfuta") aka fara gabatar a 1961 da George Abdullahi Forsyth (1917-1972), wanda ya shiga tsakani a lamba bincike da kuma kafa kwamfuta kimiyya sashen a Stanford University.

Daga cikin sauran data, shi ya bi cewa Kalmar «Informatik» bayyana a shekarar 1957 da kuma primacy da aka ba wa Jamus masanin kimiyya Karl Shteynbuhu. A lokaci guda a Faransa «Informatique» (da kalmar zo daga ci biyu Faransa kalmomi: «bayanai» da kuma «automatique») ya zama sananne a matsayin yankin shagaltar da ta sarrafa kansa aiki na bayanai. Saboda haka za mu iya ɗauka cewa kimiyyar kwamfuta ta samo asali a cikin wannan lokaci. A wasu manyan jami'o'i (misali da UK) «kwamfuta kimiyya» da kuma yanzu na nufin "kwamfuta kimiyya". A halin yanzu akwai wani karbuwa a duniya, kafa, ko daidaita definition na lokaci.

Kimiyyar kwamfuta - a kimiyya da cewa a cikin bincike kuma sau da yawa intersects sauran tarbiyya, kamar falsafa, fahimi kimiyya, harsuna, lissafi, kimiyyar lissafi, statistics da kuma dabaru. Wasu mutane sun yi imani da cewa kimiyyar kwamfuta ne musamman a hankali, kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da yawa kimiyya tarbiyya alaka lissafi. Farkon kwamfuta nazarin da aka dauke da ya rinjayi da aikin lissafi kamar Kurt Gödel da Alan Turing. Kuma yanzu ya rage wani amfani musayar ra'ayoyi tare da bangarori kamar category ka'idar, aljabara da kuma ilmin lissafi dabaru.

Kimiyyar kwamfuta da aka karatu hanyoyi na samun, adanar, tara, canja, hira, kariya da kuma amfani da bayanai da bayanai. Yana hada tarbiyya suke da dangantaka da bayanai aiki kwamfuta tsarin, bincike na lissafi mai tsauri da kuma shirye-shirye da harshen zane. Yau, ta m darajar ya ƙara muhimmanci da kuma maida hankali yankunan da yawa daga kimiyya, rai ko samar. Saboda haka, akwai sassan kamar mai aiki da na'urar kwamfuta harsuna, kasuwanci, geo, chemo-, bioinformatics da sauransu.

M shugabanci nufin da na halitta kimiyya, shi ya hada da matakai abin da ke faruwa a cikin mutum kwakwalwa, ko al'umma. Fasaha wajen amfani da kwamfuta kimiyya ko matsayin aiyuka horo, suna kwamfuta kayan aiki da kuma fasahar.