Kasashen cosmonauts da masana kimiyya na Ukrainian

A yau an dauke shi cewa cosmonaut na farko na Ukrainian shine Leonid Kadenyuk. Kuma wannan duk da cewa daga cikin wadanda shekarun 1960 zuwa rushewar Tarayyar Soviet sun ziyarci yakin duniya, akwai mutane da yawa wadanda ke da dangantaka da Ukrainian Soviet Union.

P. P. Popovich (1930-2009)

An haifi Pavel Romanovich a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 1930 a garin Uzin, Kiev yankin. Bayan yakin ya koma Magnitogorsk. Bayan karatun a cikin rukunin jirgin sama da kuma a makarantar jiragen sama na soja, a shekarar 1960 an sanya shi a cikin jirgin ruwan cosmonaut. Shekaru biyu bayan haka sai ya tashi zuwa cikin kogin duniya wanda ya kusan kusan kwanaki 3, wanda shi ne karo na farko da ya shiga cikin jirgin ruwa, inda aka hada jiragen ruwa guda biyu. An yi nasarar gwaji don ci nasara, wanda ya sa ya yiwu ya gudanar da ayyukan mafi yawan rikice-rikice a cikin layin gaba. Ta haka ne, ana iya jayayya cewa na farko cosmonaut Ukrainian shine Popovich P. P.

A 1974, Pavel Romanovich sanya na biyu sarari jirgin, da kuma sake ya kasance daya daga cikin sahun gaba, tun da shi ne na farko jirgin zuwa da tashar sararin samaniya, inda, a karkashin shugabancinsa, da ƙungiya gudanar da yawa lura da gwaje-gwajen. An bai wa cosmonaut sau biyu kyauta na Hero da wasu kyaututtuka, ciki har da kasashen waje. Bugu da kari, a shekara ta 2005 an ba shi kyautar Yarjejeniya ta Yarjejeniyar Yaroslav ta 4-th a matsayin babban taimako ga karfafawa da ci gaba da dangantaka tsakanin kasashen Ukrainian-Rasha.

G. T. Beregovoi (1915-1995)

A cikin jerin '' '' cosmonauts 'Ukrainian' 'sunan wannan matukin jirgi ne aka dauki wuri na musamman, wanda aka haife shi a shekara bayan fashewar yakin duniya na farko a Poltava. Shi ne na farko daga cikin direbobi don zama Knight na Order of Golden Star kuma aka ba da lambar yabo na Hero na USSR a lokacin Great Patriotic War. A shekara ta 1963, an zabi Beregovoi a matsayin kwamandan 'yan cosmonauts na gaba don horo.

Bayan wani lokaci sai aka gaya masa cewa lokaci ya yi don jirgin, wanda ya horar da dare da rana har dogon lokaci. Jirgin farko na jirgin zuwa sararin samaniya, Beregovoi ya yi a kan "Soyuz-3" roka. Tsawon lokacin balaguro kimanin kwanaki 4.

G. Tare da Shonin (1935-1997)

Georgiy Stepanovich ne dan asalin ƙasar Lugansk. A shekarar 1960 ya aka dauke shi aikin a cikin detachment na Soviet cosmonauts, kuma ta farko jirgin a watan Oktoba shekara ta 1969, tare da V. Kubasov. A lokacin jirgin, ana gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na hanyoyin da za a yi amfani da ƙwayoyin mota a karkashin yanayin rashin nauyi. Astronaut shine marubucin littattafai "Da farko" da kuma "Zuciyar zuciya."

V. A. Lyakhov

Cosmonaut aka haife shi a 1941 a Anthracite Lugansk yankin. Jirgi na farko zuwa gabar da ke kusa da ƙasa ya kasance kwanaki 175 a shekarar 1979. Na yi gwaje-gwajen 50 game da ci gaba da nau'ikan lu'ulu'un kaya na kayan aiki a cikin nau'in nau'i na nau'i, da kuma ƙirƙirar sababbin magunguna da allo.

A karo na biyu na ziyarci sararin samaniya a 1983, tare da AP Aleksandrov. Wannan lokaci "ba ya nan" a duniya don kwanaki 149. A shekara ta 1988 ya fara aiki na uku a sararin samaniya a matsayin kwamandan filin jiragen saman Soyuz TM-6. Hanya guda ya yi aiki a tashar "Mir".

L.D. Kizim (wanda aka haifa 1941)

A cikin jerin sunayen cosmonauts na Ukrainian Leonid Denisovich sun kasance da wuri na musamman, tun lokacin da ya kasance a cikin duniya a lokacin jiragen sama 3 ya wuce watanni 24. A shekara ta 1996, an ba shi kyauta ta Aminiya saboda babbar gudummawarsa ga nasarar nasarar mataki na farko na hadin gwiwa na Rasha da Amurka akan shirin "Mir-Shuttle".

LI Popov

An haifi Leonid Ivanovich a 1945 a yankin Kirovograd na Ukrainian SSR. A cikin yakin cosmonaut an shiga cikin 1970s. Na yi jiragen sama guda uku a cikin kobit. A shekara ta 1982 an ba shi lambar yabo ta Ƙasar Amirka ta USSR.

V. V. Vasyutin

Kasashen cosmonauts na Ukrainian na zamanin Soviet sune mafi yawan mutane, suna da hankali ga sana'a, suna shirye don wani abu. Daga cikinsu akwai Vladimir Vladimirovich Vasyutin. An haife shi a watan Maris 1952 a Kharkov, Ukrainian SSR. An shiga cikin ƙauyen cosmonaut a shekarar 1976. Ya tafi jirgin sama a watan Satumbar 1985, tare da G. Grechko da A. Volkov. Kamar yadda ya fito daga baya, saboda tsoron kaucewa daga jiragen sama, sai ya boye cewa yana fama da cutar urological, ya karya umarnin.

Da zarar sun kasance a gefe, Vasyutin ba da daɗewa ba ya ji rauni kuma an tilasta ya furta wa mambobin ƙungiyar. Saboda rashin lafiyar lafiyarsa, dole ne a dakatar da jirgin kuma ma'aikatan sun dawo duniya. A sakamakon haka, an kawo karshen balaguro. Duk da haka, an bayar da lambar yabo ga Vasyutin da dama. Ya mutu bayan rashin lafiya da dogon lokaci a shekarar 2002.

Anatoly Pavlovich Artsabarsky

Yawancin cosmonauts na Ukrainian da masana kimiyya a filin cosmonautics sunyi babbar gudummawa wajen bunkasa ilimin ɗan adam game da yiwuwar bunkasa sararin samaniya a waje duniyarmu. Daga cikinsu akwai Anatoly Pavlovich Artsebarsky. An haife shi ne a shekarar 1956 a cikin kurkuku na Ukrainian SSR, a wani karamin ƙauyen da ake kira Prosyanya, wanda ke cikin yankin Dnepropetrovsk.

An shiga cikin shinge a matsayin gwajin cosmonaut gwajin. A shekarar 1991 ya sanya wani sarari jirgin tare da S. Krikalev da jannati daga Birtaniya H. Scharmann. A lokacin aikin balaguro, na yi wajan wasanni 6 tare da tsawon tsawon sa'o'i 32. An ba shi kyautar Hero na Soviet Union.

Tsohon cosmonaut Ukrainian Leonid Kadenyuk

An haife dan kwallon sama na Ukrainian a 1951 a yankin Chernivtsi, a kauyen Klischkovichi. A shekara ta 1976, an shigar da shi a cikin yakin Soviet cosmonauts kuma a cikin sahunsa ya wuce hanya mai kyau domin shiri. Duk da haka, bai yi nasarar shiga cikin balaguro zuwa tashar "Soyuz" ba. Dukkan ma'anar shi ne cewa cosmonaut Ukrainian Kadenyuk ya saki matarsa, wanda a wancan lokacin an dauke shi da nuna rashin cin mutunci kuma bai dace da matsayi na babban nasara na sararin samaniya ba.

A shekara ta 1983, an fitar da shi daga kwastan cosmonaut, amma a shekara ta 1988 ya sake komawa mukaminsa kuma ya fara shirye-shiryen jiragen sama zuwa sararin sama a kan jiragen sama na sabon nau'in, irin su Buran. Ba da daɗewa ba ya bayyana cewa jirgin nan wanda aka yi wa jirgin ruwa ba zai yiwu ya ci gaba da tafiya ba a nan gaba, kuma hakan ya haifar da cewa aikin aikin ya tsaya.

A tsakiyar shekarun 90s, Kadeniuk ya karbi gayyatar daga hukumomin wata kundin tsarin mulkin kasar Ukrainian mai zaman kanta don karɓar 'yan ƙasa na ƙasar da aka haife shi. Bayan haka, an hada shi a cikin rukunin, wanda ya je Amurka a kwanan nan don shirya jiragen sama a karkashin tsarin NASA. A watan Nuwambar 1997, Kadenyuk ya yi jirgi a kan jirgi Columbia. A lokacin balaguro, ya shiga cikin gwajin kimiyya. Jirgin ya yi kusan rabin wata. Bayan kammala karatunsa, Kadenyuk ya koma gidansa ya fara aiki a kasar NCA ta Ukraine, ya ci gaba da kasancewa a matsayin dan kwallon sama na NASA.

NI Adamchuk-Chalaya

Lokacin da labarin labarin shine ƙananan cosmonauts na Ukrainian na zamanin zamani, dole ne a ambaci sunayen wannan masanin halitta. An haifi Nadezhda Adamchuk-Chalaya a 1970 a Kiev. A shekara ta 1996, an haɗa ta cikin ƙungiyar cosmonauts na Ukrainian, wanda aka zaba don shirya jiragen sama zuwa Amurka.

Matar ta samu nasara ta hanyar horaswa da horaswa kuma ta dace. Duk da haka, har ya zuwa yanzu ba ta gudanar da wani jirgin sama ba. A wannan lokacin, Adamchuk-Chalaya yana aiki a Cibiyar Botany. N Cold NASU. Ya shiga shirye-shiryen gwaje-gwaje, wanda za a yi a baya a tashar. A shekara ta 2003 ta zama laureate na kyautar Shugaban kasar Ukraine.

Valentin Bondarenko

Sakamakon abubuwan cosmonauts na Ukrainian na zamanin Soviet ba kullum farin ciki ba ne. Da farko shi ya shafi Valentina Bondarenko. An haife shi ne a 1937 a birnin Kharkov na Ukrainian. A shekara ta 1960 an zaba shi zuwa farkon tawagar cosmonauts na USSR. Zai yiwu, saboda shi ne ƙarami na mambobinsa, bai sanya shi ga sanannun "farkon shida" ba. Ya fara gwaje-gwaje a tsakiyar Maris 1961. A ranar 10 na horo a cikin ɗakin murya, inda, kamar yadda aka sani, an ƙara yawan oxygen, an yarda Valentin don cire na'urori masu auna asibiti. Ya so ya shafa fata ta da gashi auduga, a baya an sha shi da barasa, sa'an nan kuma jefa shi a cikin datti.

Duk da haka, gashin auduga, yana motsawa ta hanyar, ya karba karkacewar wutar lantarki, wanda ya sa wuta a cikin dakin. Harshen wuta ya rufe kyamarar nan take, kuma nan da nan ya sauya kwaskwarima ta horar da cosmonaut. Kwarar da ke kan aikin ba zai iya bude gidan da aka rufe a rufe ba. Lokacin da Bondarenko ya tafi ya fita, saurayi yana da hankali. Ga wani saurayi rayuwar mutum, likitoci ya yi yaƙi domin 8 hours, amma ya yi latti, ya mutu daga kuna tura. A shekarar 1961, bayan 'yan watanni bayan mutuwarsa, an ba da cosmonaut a matsayin kyautar da aka ba da lambar Red Star.

G. G. Nelyubov

Babu wani mummunar bala'in da ya faru da wannan maharan. An haife shi a cikin bazara na 1934 a kan ramin teku na Crimea. A shekara ta 1960, an zabi shi na farko don halartar kullun cosmonaut. Ba da daɗewa ba ya nuna cewa Nelyubov yana daya daga cikin mafi kyau, kuma akwai yiwuwar yiwuwar cewa zai zama mutum na farko ya tashi cikin sarari. Kuma a lokacin da aka zabi Gagarin saboda wadannan dalilai, Nelyubov an nada shi a matsayin Yuri. Duk da haka, don cika mafarkinsa kuma ya tashi cikin sararin samaniya, bai yi farin ciki ba, saboda yana da matsaloli tare da lafiyarsa. Wannan ya zama mummunan bala'i ga matashi, kuma nan da nan saboda rashin cin zarafi na aikin soja da aka kori shi daga sararin samaniya. Don sanin wannan ba zai iya ba. A shekara ta 1966, ƙafafun motar jirgin ya fara samun shi.

Yanzu kun san Soviet da kuma Ukrainian cosmonauts. Sunayen duka suna da daraja da kuma tunawa, tun da yake aikin su, tare da haɗari mai yawa, ya ba wa 'yan Adam damar yin gwagwarmaya don nan gaba kuma su amfane su daga amfani da fasaha mai zurfi. Zaka iya ganin hotuna na cosmonauts na Ukrainian a wannan labarin.