Karl Benz: biography da kuma ban sha'awa facts. Abin da ya fara mota a duniya?

A cikin rabi na biyu na karni na 19th, tambaya na abin da zai kasance na farko mota ya riga an yanke shawarar. Kawai zauna m ne wanda zai zama na farko a cikin sabuwar dabara. Mahara firtsi aiki a cikin wannan shugabanci. Wasu daga cikin su gudanar ya samu patents for suke ƙirƙirãwa a cikin wannan shekara. Wa la'akari hukumance gane mahaliccin da mota? Tattauna a cikin labarin zai kasance game da Karl Benz.

Benz - wani hereditary railwayman

The kirkiro na tseren akwai da dama hereditary maƙera. A baya karni, wannan sana'a na bukatar ba kawai haifar da karfe kayayyakin, amma kuma su iya tsara su, cewa shi ne ya zama biyu mai sana'a da kuma makaniki, kazalika da injiniyoyi da kuma gujiya.

Karl Benz ya dan daya daga wadannan maƙera. Kuma godiya ga ci gaban da Railway a Jamus ƙasashe Johann Georg Benz ya zama locomotive m. Duk da haka, shi ne nan da nan ya kai ga mutuwarsa. Watanni hudu kafin haihuwar Charles, mahaifinsa karfi da kama wani sanyi a cikin gida tare da windows bude, saboda abinda ya mutu da ciwon huhu. Ilimi na gaba kirkiro zãluntar su da uwa wanda ya kasance mai Faransa hijira.

A farko azuzuwan

Bayan da ya faru tare da mahaifinsa unhappiness uwa ba zai iya ba to ku bar ta ta kawai ɗa, Karl Bents, da alaka da ransa tare da reluwe. Ta gan shi da wani jami'in gwamnati. Amma saurayin an kõma zuwa ga dabara. Saboda haka, a lyceum yana sha'awar nazarin kimiyyar lissafi da kuma sunadarai, sau da yawa ya zauna bayan aji aiki fita a makaranta Lab.

Craze ya kai ga zama na daukar hoto, wanda ya ba shi damar samun farko albashi bukata iyalinsa. watch gyara wani zama. A tsawon lokaci, shi da uwarsa a yarda da shi to ba wani studio a cikin ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi.

fasaha Training

All ayukan hutu dan shawo mahaifiyarta cewa matsayin wani jami'in - ba da mafi kyaun zama a gare shi. Tare da ta izni Karl Bents shiga Ecole Polytechnique. Duk da yake makaranta ne mai kimiyya injiniya cibiyar a Jamus. Akwai aiki a gano wani sabon engine. Ya ya kamata ya zama wani zabi ga tururi engine.

Duk da ra'ayoyi da cewa an dangantaka da halittar wani iko da kuma m engine, kamu da Karl Benz.

Fara naka kasuwanci

Bayan kammala karatu daga Ecole Polytechnique, wanda ta sa'an nan suka samu matsayi na University, wani majagaba zaunar a kan Farms Shuka. A wannan lokacin an yi tunanin cewa zanen dole ne na farko aiki a matsayin makaniki ga "quenching".

Karl Benz, wanda biography aka dauke, ya tafi ya yi aiki ga sa'a goma sha biyu a cikin duhunta shop. Bayan shekara biyu da m aiki, tun tsiwirwirinsu dole kwarewa, da ya yi murabus. Bayan shekaru biyar Charles wani draftsman, zanen a cikin aikin injiniya masana'antu. A wannan lokaci ya tattara kudi ga nasu kasuwanci. Benz sun yi mafarki to ƙirƙirar kai-propelled karusa.

A gagarumin canji a cikin rayuwarsa ya kasance da mutuwar mahaifiyarsa da kuma saba da matasa Bertha Ringer. Ta kasance daga m iyali na kafinta, yana da kyau tasiri a kan bude nasu kasuwanci.

Ya studio m halitta tare da haɗin gwiwar A. Ritter a Mannheim. A mafarki na samar da motarsa bai bar Benz ga wani lokacin, amma damuwa ga kudi alheri na iyali, wanda ya yi girma, bukata don rage kudi ga aikin injiniya ci gaba.

A farko nasarorin

Saboda nasarar da nasu kasuwanci Benz kasai kuma samu kansa a cikin wani mawuyacin hali financially. Da zarar ya aka kusan hana nasu kasuwanci da ƙasa. Domin warware duk matsaloli da shi ya zama dole don ƙirƙirar wani abu da ma'ana. Couple fitarwa gani a da sabuwar dabara, da ciki konewa engine.

Duk da haka, wannan ra'ayin ya dade a cikin iska, da kuma zukatan mutane da yawa injiniyoyi da kuma ir, don haka babu wani abin da mamaki a gaskiyar cewa N. Otto ya jadadda mallaka da engine kafin. Duk da haka, shi ya zo da hudu-bugun jini engine, don haka matarsa aika dakarun zuwa ƙirƙirar biyu-bugun jini engine. Benz motoci na nan gaba da su yi aiki a kan man fetur da iskar gas.

Akwai wani motor jefa a cikin Sabuwar Shekara ta Hauwa'u na fita 1878. Serial samarwa ya fara bayan shekaru uku a shuka a Mannheim. A wannan sha'anin bidi'a ya kasance mai iyaka a da 'yancin, don haka bar shi da kuma fara daga karce tare da sauran abokan. Amma sabon zuba jari ne a wani sauri da su zuba jari a cikin halittar wani mota.

A daidai wannan lokaci da lamban kira da aka kwace Nikolaus Otto, kuma bidi'ane, cikinsu da wani Benz, tako har nasu kasuwanci, a cikin halittar wani hudu-bugun jini engine, tsara don mota aikace-aikace.

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By rani na 1886 da aka kafa da bayyane gwada da mota, mahaliccin wanda ya Karl Benz. A patent aka sanya hannu watanni shida kafin taron da kuma samu lambar 37435. A motor gudanar a cakuda iska tare da fetur tururi. Motar kanta da aka motsi a kan uku ƙafafun, saboda wannan ba matsalar da synchronous juyawa da aka yi niyyar zartarwa.

Duk da nasara firtsi daga wani fasaha ra'ayi da kuma m sake dubawa daga latsa, da truck da engine ya ba wani rabo a cikin mazan jiya Jamusawa. The kirkiro da su tallata zũriyarsu a daban-daban nune-nunen, ciki har da a Munich da kuma Paris.

Tare da kokarin kafa tallace-tallace Karl ya ci gaba da kyautata a cikin mota. Bayan shekara shida 'motorvagen "kunshi hudu ƙafafun, da shi da aka complemented wata biyu-mataki watsa. Akwai sabon Benz iri model. Sales girma musamman saboda Faransa. Daga baya motoci kamfanin ƙware da kasuwar a Turai, Rasha, South America.

By 20th karni da tarihi na mota ba su daina, sai ta fara samun wani mafi tsanani bi da bi, kumbura da kasuwanci na Benz.

} Ir} iro ya mutu yana da shekaru 84 da shekaru, wucewa da kasuwanci da 'ya'ya maza, wanda ya shirya da shekaru sittin a Ladenburg.

Fasaha halaye na farko hawa

Jamus injiniyoyi don ƙirƙirar su mota a asirce, saboda batun na kafa dokar kare mallakar aka muhimmanci.

Key Features:

• total nauyi - 263 kg.
• hudu-bugun jini engine da nauyi - 96 kg.
• ruwa sanyaya engine.
• Zabi daya Silinda, kama, tsaka tsaki da kuma gaba drive a watsa;
• uku ƙafafun.
• band birki;
• sarkar drive.

Shahararren tafiya Berty Bents da ɗiya

kirkiro matar taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rayuwarsa. Ta goyon mijinta a ayyukansa duka a kasa sharuddan (gwaje-gwaje da su zuba jari a tafiyad da injuna da kuma mika Bertha sadaki kafin aure), da kuma ta abi'a. Akwai kuma tarihin (Benz mota) game da yadda wata mace tare da 'ya'yansa maza ya tafi ya ziyarci wani fanni na kusan 110 km.

Haka ya faru a watan Agusta 1888. A hanya kara daga Mannheim Pfrotsgeym, inda ta ce mahaifiyar Bertha. Kwanaki da dama daga baya, wata mace da yaro a kan wannan mota koma gida.

A lokacin tafiya, akwai wasu matsaloli da mata da kuma yara za su iya jimre a kan nasu:

• mãkirci tare da wani m Yunƙurin shawo kan haka - daya dan samu a baya da dabaran, kuma uwarsa da ɗa na biyu tura da mota daga baya.
• da bursting na fata drive bel patched kusa Bruchsal gida shoemaker.
• rawa soke rufi for lantarki drive yi Stocking garter.
• wani zirga-zirga jam a cikin bututu da man fetur gaza share wani sauki fil.

The tafiya Mãdalla da talla yakin, kamar yadda ya yi ishãra zuwa wani m jama'a cewa ko da mata da yara a karkashin karfi su fitar da, kawar da buƙata domin a qananan a cikin hali na breakage. Har ila yau, da tafiya ya gano shortcomings a cikin aikin da mota da kuma gyara su.

Berta Bents aka sani a matsayin mace ta farko a ƙafa. Ta lashe da hakkin ya fitar da wani abin hawa a cikin wannan shekara.