Hormones na jima'i gland. A hormones samar da gonads

Hormones na jima'i gland sanin ko mutum da dabba sakandare jima'i halaye. Su suke da alhakin duk canje-canje a cikin jikin: iko da aiwatar da balaga, da samar da qwai da kuma maniyyi, ciki, da haihuwar wata sabuwar kwayoyin, nono da kuma more.

Ciki mugunya gonads

A ciki mugunya na jima'i gland saboda samar da jima'i hormones (duka biyu mace da namiji), wanda aka saki a cikin jini. Su ne siffofin muhimmanci daban-daban daga juna, ko da yake samar da daya daga biochemical sunadaran.

Mugunya na jima'i gland na daban-daban jinsosin halin da daban-daban adadin samar estrogens da androgens. Wannan ya bayyana bambanci a cikin sakandare jima'i halaye. Domin hormone sun fi mayar da alhakin namiji da mace gonads. Hormones shafi mafarki matasa.

Mafarki ba a cikin 'yan mata

Mata yara 10-12 shekaru da pituitary gland shine yake fara nuna luteinizing (LH) da kuma follicle-haramta motsa hormone (FSH) hormones. Sun ta da samar da ovarian estrogen da progesterone - abin da ake kira hormone na jima'i gland shine yake a cikin 'yan mata. Su samar a cikin jiki bayyana farkon na jiki canza wata yarinya ta jiki. A sakandare jima'i halaye ne:

- ci gaban da mammary gland.

- tsawo daga cikin kwatangwalo.

- bayyanar gashi a armpits da pubic gashi.

- samar da qwai da ovaries.

- farkon haila.

Mafarki a boys

The boys yana da shekaru 12-15 shekaru da kuma fara nuna luteinizing (LH) da kuma follicle haramta motsa hormone (FSH). Tare da suke samar da namiji hormones jima'i gland, yafi testosterone. Wannan hormone samar a cikin testes kuma Yanã shigar da ci gaban da sakandare jima'i halaye boys. Wadannan sun hada da:

- wani canji a cikin murya.

- ci gaban da gashi a kan fuska da jiki;

- ci gaban da al'aurar.

- samar da maniyyi.

- cigaban musculature.

Gonadal aiki

gonadal aiki muhimmanci shafi mutane da yawa m kuma na kullum somatic cututtuka. Suna ƙaddara da mutunci da hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Don gane da aiki, la'akari da hormones da cewa ana samar da jiki na maza da mata, da kuma matsalolin da tasowa daga warwarewarsu.

Abin da hormones ake samar da al'aura gabobin da mata?

Mata domin samar da jima'i hormones ne alhakin jima'i gland, da adrenal bawo, kuma mahaifa. Hormones na mace al'aura gland sun hada da:

- androgens.

- estrogens.

- progestins.

- follicle stimulating hormone.

- luteinizing hormone.

A sakamakon hormones a kan mace jiki

Daidaita abun da ke ciki daga cikin wadannan abubuwa yana da amfani effects a jiki da kuma daidai a metabolism, Psycho-wani tunanin jihar mace, da daidai aiki na haihuwa tsarin, Qarfafa na rigakafi da tsarin, rinjayar da takin gargajiya da kuma more. Su rabo yana da tasiri kai tsaye a kan jima'i mata. Gonadal hormones estrogen da progesterone yawanci tsara jima'i cikin mata. A lokacin da hailar sake zagayowar ne sau da yawa hade tare da karuwa a cikin bege na mafi kyau jima'i, abin da ya auku saboda da karuwa na ji ba gani.

Sex hormones da su ayyuka a cikin jiki, suna da muhimmanci ga ayyukan da dukkan kwayoyin. Estrogens ne da muhimmanci ga al'ada aiki na jiki ta haihuwa. Bugu da kari, da dama adadin wannan hormone inganta samuwar Figures, yanayi, fata da kuma gashi. Progesterone ne ma samar a cikin adrenal gland shine yake (karamin sashi) da kuma a cikin ovaries, kuma a lokacin gudana ciki don ta samar ya gana da ayyukan marubuta luteum, sa'an nan mahaifa. Wannan hormone magani da ake kira hormone na ciki tun bayan da aiki shi ne ya shirya ya zauna cikin mahaifa domin kafawa da tayin, da kara kuzari na girma. Idan progesterone ne kasa al'ada, sa'an nan a mace na kara hadarin ashara.

Domin samar da LH da FSH (lyuteoniziruyushego da follikulostimuliruyushego hormone) ne ke da alhakin pituitary. FSH stimulates girma da kuma dace aiki follicles da LH abubuwa a kan aikin da ovaries da kuma samar da estrogen. Prolactin ne a hormone na pituitary. Its main aiki ta'allaka ne da ruri na nono girma da kuma ci gaba a 'yan mata, kazalika da bayar da lactation a matan da suka yi da haihuwa ba. Idan akwai wani karuwa a jini prolactin matakan, shi damuarn samar da hormone follikulostimuliruyushego, inda akwai wata halitta hanawa na follicular maturation da ovulation in babu mata a cikin tsawon nono. Prolactin ma abubuwa a matsayin wani muhimmin kashi a daidaita ruwa-gishiri balance.

Take hakkin hormonal mata

A hormones samar da gonads ba ko da yaushe kasance a cikin al'ada kewayo. Rage estrogen matakan iya zama wata ãyã daga rashin ovulation a mata, rashin haihuwa, da kuma lokacin daukar ciki na iya nuna wani Pathology. Karuwan da abun ciki domin bunkasa ƙari na adrenal gland ko gonads. Mutanen da suke da karkata ya zama kiba da kuma suna da wani babban adadin estrogen.

Rage jini matakan progesterone zai iya sa ashara a mata masu juna biyu, placental abruption, fetal Fading. Matan da suka yi da matsaloli tare da progesterone, sau da yawa ba zai iya samun ciki, suka za a iya lura marurai da kuma sauran cututtuka na al'aurar, sake zagayowar cuta da sauran kiwon lafiya da matsaloli, ciki har da rasa haihuwa.

Gonadal hormones iya zama wani nau'i ne na nuna alama daban-daban adam cututtuka. Kara lyuteoniziruyushego hormone a jini nuni da pituitary marurai, polycystic ovaries inclusions, su ci, da sauransu. Duk da haka, sau da yawa dagagge matakan wannan hormone iya hade da wani wahalarwa halin da ake ciki, yunwa, m wasanni.

Kara follikulostimuliruyushego hormone lura a marasa lafiya tare da mai illa aiki na pituitary da ovarian gazawar. Bugu da kari, ta matakin ne sau da yawa ƙãgãwa a mutane suke cũtar barasa, da kuma bayan X-ray jarrabawa na haƙuri. A lokacin menopause ƙara bayar da adadin ne na kullum. Kiwon FSH ne sau da yawa a cikin hanyar igiyar ciki na jini da kuma rage entails babu haila, lura a PCOS da kiba.

Pregnancy da nono-ciyar ƙãra yawa na prolactin a cikin jini ne a al'ada jihar, a wasu lokuta yana da wata ãyã daga pathological cuta. High prolactin nuna wani take hakkin da ayyuka na pituitary, thyroid, ovarian, kuma autoimmune cututtuka.

Abin da hormones ake samar da jima'i gabobin a maza?

Namiji da mace gonads samar da kusan guda rukuni na hormones tare da wasu ware. Domin namiji hormones sun hada da:

- androgens.

- testosterone.

- follicle stimulating hormone.

- luteinizing hormone.

- SHBG.

Tasirin hormones a kan namiji jiki

Follicle-haramta motsa hormone a maza ne kuma samar da pituitary gland shine yake. Yana shirya aiki na jima'i gland, qara samar da testosterone, da inganta harkokin maturation na maniyyi. Luteinizing hormone ne ma samar da pituitary gland shine yake da ayyukan matsayin izini samar da testosterone a cikin maza Leydig Kwayoyin, kuma aka hannu a samar da dauri sunadarai, hormones, gonads kuma qara permeability na testes. Testosterone aka samar a cikin adrenal gland da kuma gonads, shi rinjayar da cin gaban sakandare jima'i halaye a boys, da hannu a samar da maniyyi, shafi na iko da libido. Testosterone ne da muhimmanci ga jikin ga mutãne: shi rinjayar da ci gaban da kwarangwal da tsokoki, da inganta Psycho-wani tunanin jihar, da kuma daidai a cikin ayyuka na sebaceous gland.

Prolactin aka samar da pituitary gland shine yake, yana da hannu a cikin tsari na ruwa-gishiri balance kuma jinkirta da kau na ruwa da kodan da kuma stimulates dace maturation na maniyyi. Estradiol nasa ne da mace hormones, wanda ake samar da maza. A dalilin ne da ya karu adadin jiki mai a cikin mutane, a cikin abin da namiji hormone testosterone ne tuba a cikin mace estradiol. SHBG - hormone dauri globulin, ko wani glycoprotein ne da hannu a cikin kai na jima'i hormones da aka samar a cikin hanta.

Take hakkin hormonal namiji

Ɗa namiji hormones da su ayyuka sa da al'ada aiki na jiki. Take hakkin hormonal namiji zai iya sa mutane da yawa cututtuka.

A high FSH matakin nuna wani take hakkin gonadal aiki, koda gazawar, kwakwalwa siffofin maruran. Daya daga cikin dalilan da high FSH ne shan barasa. Low matakan FSH nuna raguwar a pituitary gland shine yake ko hypothalamus, kazalika da lura a kiba. A wasu lokuta, a hormone rashin daidaituwa za a iya precipitated gaba daya innocuous dalilai, msl, shi qara bayan nassi na X-haskoki ko na wani magunguna.

Irin wannan take hakki da kuma hanyar canje-canje a cikin matakin na luteinizing hormone. Amma ban da pathological canje-canje a cikin jiki, sa disturbances iya zama banal wahalarwa halin da ake ciki, anorexia nervosa, kiba ko shan taba. Kara adadin testosterone cikin jinin ne mai nuni da hyperplasia adrenal kyallen takarda, marurai, kuma ta rage halayyar na koda gazawar, kiba, cuta na gonads.

High ko low prolactin namiji likita ba dalili na shakkun haƙuri ko hypothalamic pituitary tabarbarewa, koda gazawar, cirrhosis, thyroid cuta, autoimmune cututtuka da kuma sauran cututtuka. Haka kuma, a cikin hanyar kara matakan da hormone iya zama stressful, beriberi, kirji rauni, da yin amfani da wasu magunguna.

Canza adadin estradiol iya zama saboda da magani, shan taba, yunwa, kuma tare da fitowan na cututtuka daban-daban kamar cirrhosis, testicular ƙari, prostatitis, hyperprolactinemia da sauran. Af, wani lokacin da namiji hormone za a iya gano a cikin jini na ciki (mutum chorionic gonadotropin), wanda ke nuni da testicular ciwon daji.

Me kana bukatar ka sani game da jima'i hormone dauri globulin?

Hormone nauyin globulin kira glycoprotein. Yana binds zuwa androgens da estrogens. Sauran steroid hormones, kamar progesterone, cortisone da sauran corticosteroids kisa to transcortin. SHBG yana da wadannan siffofin:

- The ganiya matsayi na jima'i hormones, ciki har da testosterone lafiya balance kuma estradiol, shi ne babban bangaren da wani dabarun magance tsufa.

- A hormone ne wani muhimmin kayyadewa na testosterone da estrogen, alhakin rarraba jima'i hormones a cikin jiki.

- take hakkin jima'i hormone dauri globulin dangantawa da bai kai ba tsufa na biyu mata da maza, kuma da dama m cututtuka, ciki har da cututtukan zuciya da, irin 2 ciwon sukari, na rayuwa ciwo, barci apnea da kuma osteoporosis.

Male hormones a mata

Zai yiwu wani zai mamaki, amma mata bukatar namiji ji ba gani. A kananan yawa, suna da amfani ga jiki, muddin su lambar da aka a cikin kafa norms. Alal misali, samar da testosterone a mata na taimaka wa su jima'i da kuma libido, shi yana da amfani effects a kan sebaceous gland, ci gaba da kuma kwakwalwa aiki. Idan testosterone cikin jinin yana kunshe a cikin wani karamin adadin, da mace ya dagagge lethargy, wani rauni, shi za a iya ce, an canza kama zuwa wata "m linzamin kwamfuta". Dagagge hormone matakan, da bambanci, qara ta'adi, sa cikin adadi fiye da maza, kazalika da tsokane fata matsaloli. Karuwan testosterone a mata iya zama shaida na kiwon lafiya da matsaloli: take hakkin da adrenal gland, ovaries, pituitary ko hypothalamus. Rage matakan da hormone shi ne ya sa ta koda gazawar, da matsaloli tare da nauyi.

Androgen rashin daidaituwa ma sa disturbances a cikin jiki. Mace fama da ƙãra hairiness a kan kafafu, hannaye, kirji, fuska, kuraje. Dagagge matakan androgens iya kai wa ga rashin haihuwa mace, rashin.

Yadda za a yi da gwajin don hormones?

Don duba matakin na hormones a cikin jiki, za a mika su ga bincike na jini daga jannayẽnsa. A sakamakon ya zama mafi m, zuwa ga bincike na ceto ba za a iya ci abinci da kuma na karshe abinci ya kamata dauki akalla 8-10 hours. A lokacin da rana, ya kamata a daina shan taba, barasa, jima'i, da kuma wuce kima darasi. Yin watsi da waɗannan dokoki su iya haifar da wani gagarumin murdiya na da sakamakon.

Mata ya kamata faɗakar da ma'aikacin kiwon lafiya shan jini samfurin, da rana na hailar sake zagayowar ko ciki, saboda wasu daga cikin hormones tafii kawai a kan wasu kwanaki, ko kuma zai iya kuma zai shafi ingancin sakamakon. Idan shi zai zama dole su maimaita bincike bayan da magani, wajibi ne a wuce biyu gwaje-gwaje a cikin wannan Lab.