Haruffa na "The Master kuma Margarita". Babban haruffa Romana Bulgakova

Mihaila Bulgakova labari - mai ban mamaki da gaske da kuma m aiki na da lokaci. Domin shekaru masu yawa, shi ba ya fita saboda m zamantakewa. Mutane da yawa daga cikin haruffa na "The Master kuma Margarita" kõma daga real mutane, shahararren Figures na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma a kusa da da'irar na marubuci, domin ya kullum a kan gab da ake kama. Mafi yawa daga cikin heroes Bulgakov ba shi da wani m mutum halaye.

Tarihi da labari

Ainihin ranar ne unknown aiki a kan labari. A wasu zayyana Bulgakov Kafa a 1928, a cikin wasu - 1929. Babu shakka an san cewa a cikin Maris 1930 da marubuci ya ƙone ta farko edition na aiki. Wannan ya faru saboda da ban daga cikin play "The Cabal munafukai".

Yanzu data kasance suna da labari ya bayyana a 1937, kafin Bulgakov kira aikinsa "Fantasy labari" (na biyu edition) da kuma "Prince Dark" (na uku edition).

Written gaba ɗaya labari ya a farkon lokacin zafi na shekara ta 1938, amma Mikhail Bulgakov kawo alaka da mutuwa. A cikin duka, da aikin a kan babban aikin da aka za'ayi a cikin rãyuwar fiye da shekaru goma.

Abin baƙin ciki, da marubuci ya ba su iya ganin aikinsa buga. A farko littafin na da labari ya faru a shekarar 1966 a daya daga cikin wallafe-wallafen mujallu. Nauyi yanki da aka trimmed, amma godiya ga halittar matar Bulgakov ta "Master kuma Margarita" Duk da haka ya zama duniya shahara. Roman wasiya ga babban marubuci ya samu rashin mutuwa.

Babban haruffa na "The Master kuma Margarita"

A marubuci kansa bayan halakar da farko edition na littafin ya nuna cewa, ya ƙone wani labari game da shaidan. Voland, a gaskiya, shi ne babban tuki karfi a baya da aiki. Shi ne ba tare da wani shakka wani muhimmin hali.

Tare da Shaiɗan ya leoyan da labari - Jagora da Margarita, duk da cewa sun bayyana nisa daga farkon littafin. Jagora ya bayyana ne kawai a cikin sura ta 12, Margarita, da kuma cewa sa'an nan - a cikin goma sha tara.

Akwai da yawa shiriritar a philological duniya kamar yadda ya ke shi ne jagorantar hali. Kamar yadda da take na aikin da matsayi na image a cikin littafin Woland, zaɓi kawai uku rinjaye adadi.

Voland

Domin da farko lokacin da mai karatu ya gana Woland a farkon littafin. Kuma nan da nan ya kama da halitta mai shubuha ra'ayi. Features na hali da za a iya nuna, a kan tushen da ayyukanshi, yayi daidai da na waje fasali. By kanta, shi ne dual adadi, Saboda haka da idanu na launi daban-daban, daban-daban Heights kuma girare. Cynical da kuma wayo, shi ne duka na karimci da kuma daraja.

Ba mamaki, da Berlioz da kuma Ivan, na farko wanda ya gan Farfesa Woland, aka rikita da sarƙafewa a ciki, su da sabanin ji. Stories wanda ya gaya wa m jama'a, bã su sãmun m bayani ga masu sauraro.

Amma Woland zo zuwa Moscow ba don gudanar da labarin. Ya yi matukar tabbataccen dalili wanda taimaka masa don gudanar da wani diabolical retinue. Suna shirya a babban birnin kasar na rudani. Wasan kwaikwayo "Iri-iri" ya zama wani wuri na zaman na baki sihiri. Ladies aka yi wa'adi wani sabon dress, a karshen, suka gudu, suka fita a tufafi. Gaya dũkiya fadowa daga sama, sa'an nan ya juya a cikin wani m yanki na takarda.

Dalilin da isowa zuwa duniya Woland da retinue aka dauke azãba ga gazawar cika da Littafi Mai Tsarki dokokinsa. A gaskiya, yana da tabbas hoton farko na shaidan a cikin adabi neman daidaita da nagarta da mugunta, haske da duhu.

Messer ce da sauran haruffa da ta zo Moscow don nazarin sabon samu rubutum, rike wani zaman na sihiri da dance.

Yana yana buɗewa a cikin ball Woland gaskiya launuka. Mai karatu da aka gabatar Shai an da kansa. Shan henchmen, yake boye a cikin gaba duniya gaba rana.

Origin Woland ba nan da nan bayyananne. Mawãƙi Homeless abubuwan al'ajabi, ba baƙo idan sabon sani, saboda abin da ke cikin farfesa ba baƙo: hanya, hanya na magana, da ayyukansa.

Mikhail Bulgakov aro sunan protagonist na waka "Faust" ta Goethe. Voland, ko Faland - daya daga shaidan da sunan. Mutane da yawa masu bincike sun yarda da cewa samfur na Shai an da kansa ya zama shugaba na al'umman - I. V. Stalin, a cikin abin da kazalika a Woland, samu a kan mai tanƙwasawa kuma mutumin kirki ne.

Amai Akuma ga sarkin duhu ya kira shi ba kawai a matsayin "Sir" da "mister", don haka sunan Woland karatu Yakan koyi da ba nan da nan.

master

Jagora - digiri na biyu tarihi, wanda ko da yaushe so da za a shiga a rubuce ayyukan. Bayan ya lashe tambola ya yi irin wannan damar. Ya zama mahaliccin da labari game da Buntus Bilatus, kuma Yeshuwa, a nasu hanyar daidaita Linjila events amma kai kusan zuwa wata hauka bayan aikinsa soki nines.

gwarzo sunan ba a ambace su a littafin Bulgakov. Lakabi da "Master" Margaret ba shi masõyansa. Duk da haka, ya rude da irin wannan magani. Ya ko da yaushe kauce masa yanayi inda na yi kira kaina. Mawãƙi Ivan Homeless , ya furta cewa, ya ba shi da wani sunan da sunan uba.

External fasali na hali sun bata. Babu shakka cewa shi ne m, amma bege a idonsa Yana share duk mai sheki. Shi ne game da cika shekara arba'in, ya ke duhu-masu gashi kuma ko da yaushe tsabta-shaven, ko da a cikin asibiti.

Mai karatu zai fahimci gaskiya cewa Jagora daga soke zama Bulgakov, da kuma dangantaka da Margaret suna kama da ransa tare da uku matarsa Elena Sergeevna. Jagora, kazalika da Mikhail Bulgakov, ƙone littafinsa da Margarita, kazalika da Elena Shilovskaya kubutar da ta saura.

A wannan shekara kamar yadda biyu artists da kuma dangantakarsu da wallafe-wallafen sukar, saboda Bulgakov da kansa ya akai-akai, an yi izgili da kuma tsananta ga aikinsu.

The labari da aka ba daidai bayyana yadda Jagora samun wani asibitin masu tabin hankali. Wasu wallafe-wallafen sukar yi imani da cewa wannan shi ne na karshe labari lahani edition, wasu nace cewa marubuci kamar haka sa allusion zuwa danniya 30-ies, a lokacin da wani mutum ya iya bace har abada.

Margaret

Margarita Nikolaevna - Masters budurwa, rabu da su masõyansa. Ta gladly yarda da tayin zama sarauniya na Woland a ball kamar yadda ya yi alkawarin cika daya daga cikin zuciyarsa. Margaret fatan samu da za a sake saduwa da Jagora, wadda daga ƙarshe ta faru domin shaidan.

Sunan Margarita karatu bai sani ba har zuwa tsakiyar labari, Master ya ɓõye masõyansa.

Margarita - shi ne a gama image, tunawa yawa na Gretchen ( "Faust" ta Goethe) da kuma marubuci matar Elena Shilovskaya. A musamman, da aka bayyana a taron da Jagora da Margarita - ainihin kwafin Bulgakov son tare da matarsa.

Wasu masu bincike ganin siffofin na Faransa banza Margaret (Marguerite de Valois da Margo Navarrskoy), kuma a cikin rubutu akwai wani tunani da kama (da magana Koroviev hali na kinship tare da Faransa fādar sarki).

Margarita wanda aka nuna a cikin labari, wani kyakkyawan amma gundura matar kulla wani mutum wanda ya sami ma'anar rayuwa bayan wani taro tare da Jagora.

NA Bulgakov aikata babban harafin alama ce soyayya da kuma da hadaya, kuma da goyon bayan da Muse da marubuci, a shirye su ba da ransa saboda da masõyansa.

demonic haruffa

Woland da ayarinsa sau da yawa, sũne mãsu tuki da karfi a baya duk da tashin faruwa a Moscow. Wani lokaci su ne kawai kallo. Henchmen shaidan a duk biyar. Kowane yana da manufa, su manufa.

Koroviev-Fagot abubuwa a matsayin shugaba da kuma interprenera, shi ne - kwatankwacin hannun dama na ubangijinsa. Sunansa yana da sassa biyu. Cow - samu daga sunan da gwarzo labarin "The Village na Stepanchikovo". Bulgakov ta Koroviev yana da dama siffofin Korovkina ƙirƙira by Dostoevsky. A kashi na biyu na sunan - sunan wani m kayan aiki. Akwai marubuci shiryar da waje data hali, domin, kamar bassoon, Bulgakov daemon bakin ciki, high, da kuma a can na iya zama sau uku su yi wani maigida wa'azi da shi.

Koroviev-Fagot wakilci haruffa na littafin fassara, da regent, da gwani cheater. A gaskiya ya mask, aljan, kuma shaidan ya bude ba a lokaci daya. Amma da m karatu zai lura da yadda akwai wani gwarzo a cikin labarin. Yana a zahiri zo daga Moscow na zafi iska (bisa ga labari mai tsanani zafi, shi ne wani harbinger na isowa na mugunta sojojin).

Cat Behemoth - gwarzo cewa zai iya kokarin a kan wani siffar. Wannan hali alama profligacy da gluttony, shi ne ma fi so abin wãsa da Woland, ya jester.

Bulgakov wannan hali da aka gabatar musamman domin a cikin satirical da m rubutu saka a cikin wani hadadden falsafa da kuma halin kirki ji da labari. An magana game da shi, kuma duk abin da ya yi cat Behemoth (bugun fenariti da bincike,, a game da dara da sir, gasar harbi da Azazello).

Hella - wani hali wanda zai iya yin wani aiki. A mace vampire ne ba makawa bawan Voland. A labari, ta siffanta da kore-sa ido yarinya da dogon ja gashi, wanda motsa yardar kaina a cikin iska. Wannan ya ba shi wani musamman dangantaka da mayya. Gabatar bawansa Margarita, Voland yana nuna promptness, taimakawa da kuma leken asiri.

Ana sa ran cewa da yawa daga cikin siffofin da vampire Hella, Bulgakov leƙo asirin a cikin labarin "The Vampire" by Alexei Tolstoy. Daga can, smacking kuma danna hakora, shaidan sumba, saboda wanda Varenukha daina jefa inuwa, da kuma zama a vampire. Hella - wani hali wanda shi ne kadai daya daga cikin dukan retinue Woland aka ba da hannu a cikin scene na karshe jirgin.

Azazello bayyana a matsayin link, wani recruiter ga baki ayyukansu sir. Gaba daya mai sha'awar hali, short, tare da m, mai danko daga cikin daban-daban kwatance, da gashi, protruding fangs. Kammala image na lamban kira fata takalma, bowler hat a kansa kuma a taguwar kwat da wando Azazello. Margarita, karo na farko a lõkacin da ta gan shi, da ake kira gwarzo 'yan fashi MUG.

Abaddon akwai wani wuri a cikin bango, da kuma bambanta daga sauran ya m hali zuwa biyu na duniya na mugunta da alheri ga duniya.

Littafi Mai Tsarki haruffa

Littafi Mai-Tsarki da wani ɓangare na labari "The Master kuma Margarita" da aka rubuta ta hanyar Bulgakov dangane da Bisharar Matiyu, amma ya yi amfani da Aramaic sunayen da suke dauke tarihi (Yesu a maimakon Yesu).

A Littafi Mai Tsarki labarin da marubuci ta labari ne zuwa kashi uku sassa. A farko ya gaya Voland a da sarki ta tafkunan, na biyu mafarki na mawãƙi Homeless, uku karatu Margarita. A Littafi Mai Tsarki surori, akwai mutane da yawa nassoshi da Soviet tsarin mulki da kuma gwamnati.

Haruffa na "The Master kuma Margarita" - Aphranius (asirin 'yan sanda shugaban Bilatus), da Yahuza (mazaunin Yershalaim wanda ya ci amanar Yesu), Iosif Kaifa (firist, wanda ya aiko Yesu zuwa mutuwa), Leviy Matvey (almajirin Yesu, wanda ya harbe shi sauko daga kan gicciye), Buntus Bilatus , kuma Yeshuwa, kamar yadda da dama wasu haruffa.

Buntus Bilatus

Procurator Yahudiya kira domin sanin makomar Yesu Ha-wanzuwa ga mutuwa. Tauri da mulki mutum, sai ya yanke shawarar a kan zargi tambayar jũna. A lokacin wannan tattaunawa, Buntus Bilatus yana gaba daya sha'awar da Yeshuwa, amma duk da mu'ujizai, ya nuna masa (Ha-warke migraine procurator), kisa da aka tabbatar.

Sabili da juyayi ga Yesu Bilatus yanke shawarar a kan fansa. Ya umurni da a kashe mutumin da ya firam Ha-buga da Sanhedrin.

Buntus Bilatus, kuma Yesu imbued juna inexplicable ji, saboda wanda na farko ya sha wahala da sauran rayuwarsa. Ya sani cewa ya sanya hannu nasa jumla da gaske mu'ujiza. Saboda haka, duk ya jiki da kuma sume rayuwa yana kurkuku, ya ga kansa, kuma Ya halitta. A lokacin da na karshe jirgin Shaidan Woland ya tambayi abokin kokawarsa a baiwa 'yanci na Bilatus, wanda da ya aikata.

Yesu Ha-

A Littafi Mai Tsarki labarin da labari ne daban-daban daga bishara ta fuskoki da dama, wanda ba su ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi Bulgakov. Joshuwa ya siffanta talakawa mutum, sai ya yi kyautar empathy, wanda aka fatalwa ta taron yan ta'adda da kuma mabiyansa. A gaskiya, sabõda misinterpretation Joshuwa ta wa'azin, kuma na karshe shi ne kan gab da mutuwa. Yesu ya gaya Bilatus a kan daya musamman m stalker, mangled da maganarsa. Sunansa shi ne Leviy Matvey. Jagora da Margarita karshe samu cikin dogon-jiran zaman lafiya gode masa.

Mai wallafe-wallafen sukar bayyana a matsayin antipode Yeshuwa Woland. Duk da haka, akwai wani, mafi nishadi version. Yesu ne ba a samfur na Yesu. A gwarzo na Bulgakov - ne embodiment na munafurci, da mask, wanda aka bai wa tare da ruhun daban-daban guises. Zai yiwu wannan version aka haife saboda addini fifiko na marubuci. Ya kasance ba mabiyin samun ikon fassara Mafarki, amma ba bin da coci umarni.

Yesu ne daban-daban daga cikin Bisharar Yesu da cikakken bayani game da haihuwa da kuma rayuwar da ganewarsu. Ya positioned kansa a matsayin wani Falsafa, amma a cikin labari da shi ba musamman bayyana. Joshuwa ya ce duk maza ne mai kyau, Yesu ya ce a cikin Linjila cewa, nagarta da mugunta zama tare a cikin zuciyar mutum.

Marubucin hali zuwa hali quite a fili. Bulgakov ya tausaya kuma ta amince da karimci da bil'adama Yeshuwa, duk da haka, ba ya gane da Allahntakar a gare shi, kuma bai gani da batu na sadaukarwa.

Moscow haruffa

Haruffa na "The Master kuma Margarita" mafi yawa kofe daga real mutane, da kuma a wasu lokuta suke kaifi parodies na su. Alal misali, samfur Archibald Archibaldovich ya Yakov Rozental, gidan cin abinci mai sarrafa Herzen gidan (featured in da labari gidan cin abinci Griboyedov gidan).

A labari, da mai karatu gani a parody na Moscow Art Theater darektan Nemirovich-Danchenko a fuskar Bengal, da rabo daga abin da yake da personification na kiyayya marubuci zuwa cynical siyasa "tsotse-up" (ya aka fille kansa).

Wasu heroes na marubuci bai ma dame su sauya sunayensu. Alal misali, a Annushka iya koya wani makwabcin Bulgakov, da kuma Dr. Kuzmin a gaskiya da yaron ya likita.

Bulgakov kuma yana amfani da sunayen masu magana (Likhodeev, Bogohulsky, m), da abubuwa a matsayin kai tsaye bayanin irin haruffa. "Jagora, kuma Margarita" - ba na farko labari na marubuci, a cikin abin da ya yi amfani prototypes. Alal misali, a "The White Guard", ya sketched Hoton Nikolka injin turbin da ɗan'uwansa.

Mikhail Bulgakov - mai ban mamaki marubuci, iya aiki a daya su yi ta raira wani kyakkyawan labarin soyayya, taken 'yanci, ya amsa damuwar falsafa tambayoyi da kuma bakin ciki, a zahiri wasu alamu, zana wani satirical skits, haruffa da suke m zuwa ga mutãnensa.