Hangzhou Bridge a Sin

Hangzhou Bay ta Hangzhou (Hangzhou, China) wani tabbaci ne da cewa rashin amincewa game da kullun abubuwan da aka saki a Tsakiyar Tsakiya ba daidai ba ne. Yana wakiltar daya daga cikin mafi girma daga irin wannan tsarin aikin injiniya a duniyarmu kuma an kwatanta shi da kyakkyawa mai kyau. Tsawonsa tsawon kilomita 36.

Zayyana

Nazarin tsawon lokaci da shawarwari game da yiwuwar gina gada a wannan wuri ya fara ne a shekarar 1994 kuma yana da shekaru tara. A yayin aiwatar da aikinsa, manyan masana da kuma gine-ginen daga dukkan sassan duniya sun janyo hankalin su, daga cikinsu akwai fiye da ɗari bakwai. A sakamakon aikin da ake yi, masu ci gaba sun yarda da ra'ayin cewa gada a Hangzhou, wanda aka kwatanta da wannan hoto, ya kamata a goyan bayan igiyoyi masu ƙarfi, saboda zai ba da damar inganta yanayin yanayi mai ban mamaki a kasa, ruwa mai maɓuɓɓuka da ruwa, da kuma hawan tuddai masu kyau don gine-ginen. A sakamakon haka, bisa ga maganar halittawa, da abu zai iya yin tsayayya ko da wata girgizar kasa da damar da maki bakwai a kan da Richter sikelin.

Ginin

An fara ginin Hangzhou Bridge a kasar Sin a watan Yuni 2003. Shekaru biyar bayan haka an gama dukkan ayyukan, kuma bayan shekara guda sai aka bude babban bude. Ya kamata a lura cewa an saka simintin gyare-gyare da kuma gina gine-gine a kan iyakar. Sa'an nan hawa zuwa shafukan da ake gina wani ɓangare inda shigar ta amfani da giant iyo cranes. Don yin gudu da sauri a juna, masu ginin suna amfani da fiye da hamsin haɗin GPS.

Babban matsalar

Babban matsalar da injiniyoyin kasar Sin suka yi kafin su kafa Hangzhou Bridge shine asalin gas na hakar gas mai zurfi a cikin babban layin. A yayin da aka gudanar da bincike na musamman game da yanayin halayen ƙasa, an cire shi. Saboda haka, yiwuwar lalata tsarin wannan tsarin injiniya don wannan dalili ya ɓace gaba daya.

Bincike

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, an ba da izini a shekarar 2009. Babban bikin budewa, wanda ya kasance mai ban sha'awa, mutane da yawa sun halarci taron. A bikin keɓe wa wannan taron, babban injiniya na gina Wang Yong alfahari sanar da cewa Hangzhou - mafi tsawo gada a cikin duniya. Bugu da ƙari, gwani ya jaddada cewa an aiwatar da wannan aikin a cikin yanayin yanayi mafi wuya, saboda akwai gudana mai gudana a cikin saman uku a duniyar, typhoons sau da yawa yakan faru. A ƙarshe, masanin injiniya ya jaddada cewa wannan gada ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci ba kawai a cikin Sin ba, har ma a duniya duka.

Janar bayanin

Hangzhou mai zurfi na Hangzhou ya haye bakin teku, wanda yake daga cikin teku na Gabas ta Tsakiya, tare da Kogin Qiantang, wanda ke cikin yankin Delta na Yangtze. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, tsawonsa tsawonsa na kilomita 36. Wannan gine-gine da tsarin «S» tsara da kuma gina-siffar. Yana da wani bangare na babbar hanya ta gabashin kasar Sin, wanda yankunan arewacin da kudancin jihar suka haɗu. Jirgin ya fara ne a birnin Jiaksin, kuma ya ƙare a Nimbo. Bisa ga takardun da aka tsara, an gina gine don sabis na tabbacin shekara ɗari. A takaice dai, za'a sake buƙatar ƙaramin ƙirar a baya fiye da farkon karni na gaba.

Ya kamata a lura cewa makaman yana kunshe da sassa tara kuma yana yaduwar kasancewar tsarin zamani don kare kariya daga tashe-tashen hankula da kuma lalata shi a sakamakon haka. Masu tsarawa sunyi la'akari da fasalin abubuwan da ke faruwa a yankin wanda ta wuce, sabili da haka ba za ta dame shi ba ko da kuwa akwai girgizar ƙasa mai ƙarfi.

Main Features

A cewar kididdigar, Hangzhou Bridge yau da kullum ya wuce kimanin motoci 50,000. A kowane shugabanci, akwai hanyoyi uku. Jimlar nisa na mota tana da mita 33. Tsuntsuna suna samuwa a sama da ruwa mai zurfi (a tsawon mita 62), wanda ya sa ya yiwu a rasa jiragen ruwa daban, ciki har da jiragen ruwa, waɗanda suke cikin ƙarni na hudu da na biyar. Tsawon iyakar da aka yi amfani da ita don tallafa wa Hangzhou Bridge yana da 32.2 kilomita. An saita iyakar gudun akan wannan makaman a kilomita 100 a kowace awa.

Tsarin tsarin GPS da aka ambata a sama, wanda ya kasance a cikin ginin zamani, yana amfani da shi don duba halin da ake ciki a yanzu da kwanciyar hankali don kwanciyar hankali, kuma idan akwai haɗari ko kowane ɓata, za su gargadi ma'aikata game da shi.

Island

A tsakiyar tsakiyar gada ita ce tsibirin da ke da murabba'in kilomita dubu goma, wanda ake nufi don masu kwantar da hankula. Akwai dama dama ga matafiya a nan. Wadannan sun hada da gidajen tashoshi, gidajen cin abinci, hotels da har ma da tashar kallo. Saboda haka wannan tsibirin yana da karfin gaske a cikin 'yan yawon bude ido. Yawancin su sun zo ne kawai don samun dama su ga kogin ruwa mai sanannen duniya da idanuwansu. Suna kuma sha'awar wuraren shakatawa na jama'a. Don hana lalacewar, tsibirin ya sanye da tsarin kulawa da aminci na yau da kullum kuma an gina shi a kan dutse.

Kyakkyawan sakamako

Hangzhou Bridge nan da nan bayan fitowarsa yana da tasirin gaske a kan ci gaba da dukan yankin. A gida gwamnan riga an jima, bayan bude, ya bayyana cewa, a yankin Neja Delta na kogin Yangtze ya muhimmanci karu da yadda ya dace da sufuri da sadarwa. Bugu da ƙari, an ci gaba da ci gaba da bunkasa tattalin arzikin yankin. Mutum ba zai iya lura da batun da yake da muhimmanci sosai ba, wanda shine ya rage nisa tsakanin Shanghai da Ningbo ta hanyar kilomita 120. A wasu kalmomi, lokacin tafiya daga wani birni mai muhimmanci zuwa wani ya yanke a cikin rabin - har zuwa sa'o'i biyu.

Babban masu zuba jarurruka da masu kwangila

A cewar manyan masu zuba jarurruka na wannan aikin, Hangzhou Bridge ya zama alama ce ta ci gaban ci gaban tattalin arzikin jihar. Suna da kowane dalili da za su ce haka, tun bayan da aka gano shi a cikin ci gaban tattalin arziki na yankin, akwai tsayi sosai. Kudin aikin na kayan aiki shine kimanin dala biliyan 1.4. Miliyan 18 daloli ne aka ba da gudummawar daga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu goma sha bakwai da ke cikin yankin. Mafi yawan masu zuba jari irin wannan shi ne Songcheg, wanda aka kiyasta kudaden zuba jari a kashi 17.3% na babban birnin kasar.

Babban kamfani na kamfanin shine kamfanin kamfanin China Railway Bridge Bureau Co Ltd. Kamfanin duniya Ty Lin ya kirkiro aikin gada. Don tabbatarwa da shawara, Kamfanin Hardesty & Hanover, wanda aka sani a duk faɗin duniya, yana da alhakin. An sanya kwangilar don samar da tsarin kariya ta jirgin ruwa tare da Ben C Gerwick.