Erik Satie: baiwa ko mahaukaci?

Daya daga cikin mafi m da kuma rigima composers na tarihin music yana dauke Erik Satie. Biography na mawaki ne cike da facts, a lõkacin da ya iya tura abokansa da kuma Raya Makon, da farko na nacewa kare magana daya, sa'an nan musun shi a cikin msar tambayar aiki. A cikin shekaru 90 na karni na sha tara, Erik Satie gana da Karlom Debyussi kuma suka ƙaryata game bin wani m aiki lokacin Richard Wagner - ya bayar da shawarar da goyon baya kawai hatched impressionism a music, domin shi ne farkon reincarnation na kasa art na Faransa. Daga baya, da mawaki Erik Satie ya aiki shaida tare da koyi da Impressionism style. A prtivoves ephemerality da kuma ladabi da ya tashe tsabta, da mayar da hankali da kuma mikakke zuwa tsarin rubutu.

Satie da wani babban tasiri a kan composers wanda ya yi sama da abin da ake kira "shida". Ya kasance mai m 'yan tawaye suka yi kokarin ƙi yarda da alamu a zukatan mutane. Ya jagoranci taron mabiya wanda son yaki Satie da philistinism, ya m kalamai game da art da kuma music musamman.

farkon shekaru

Erik Satie aka haife shi a 1866. Mahaifinsa aiki a matsayin wani dillali tashar jiragen ruwa. Ko daga farkon shekarun matasa Eric an kõma zuwa music kuma nuna gagarumin damar iya yin komai, amma tun da babu wanda kusa ba tsunduma a music, wadannan kokarin da aka yi watsi da. Kawai a cikin shekaru 12, a lokacin da iyali yanke shawarar canza da wurin zama a cikin Paris, Eric aka girmama yau da kullum music darussa. A goma sha takwas, Erik Satie shiga kide a Paris. Ya yi karatu da hadaddun msar tambayar batutuwa, tsakanin wanda shi ne jituwa. Ya kuma yi karatu da piano. Ilimi a kide bai gamsar da nan gaba baiwa. Ya jefa wani darasi da yake shiga a cikin sojojin a matsayin mai sa kai.

A shekara daga baya, Eric koma zuwa Paris. Ya aiki part-time a wani karamin cafe matsayin pianist. A daya daga makarantun a Montmartre, kuma akwai wata mai banrazana gamuwa da Karlom Debyussi, wanda ya samu sha'awar da kuma mamaki da sabon abu zabi na sauki harmonies, ga alama improvising matasa makadi. Debussy ma ya yanke shawarar ya haifar da wani orchestration for piano sake zagayowar Satie - "Gymnopédies". Masu kida ne yanzu abokai. Ra'ayinsu nufi sosai ga juna, wanda zai iya haifar da Debussy Satie daga cikin matasa babbar sha'awa ga music of Wagner.

Motsi zuwa Arkay

A karshen karni na sha tara Sati bar Paris a cikin unguwar na Arcueil. Ya dauki wani cheap kadan dakin sama a kananan cafe kuma tsaya kowa ya fara. Ko kusa abokai iya ba dawo. Saboda wannan, Sati aka lakabi da "Arkeysky sufi." Ya rayu da kansa, bai ga bukatar a tarurruka da wallafa, bai kai manyan da riba umarni daga sinimomi. Lokaci da Lokaci ya bayyana a gaye da'ira na Paris, gabatar da wani sabo ne m aiki. Kuma bayan dukan garin ya tattauna wannan, Sati maimaita jokes, da maganarsa, kuma mai tsanani daga cikin m celebrities da lokaci, da kuma game da art a general.

Karni na ashirin Satie gana koyo. Daga 1905 zuwa 1908, sa'ad da yake shekaru 39 da haihuwa, Erik Satie karatu a Schola cantorum. Ya yi karatu abun da ke ciki da kuma counterpoint tare A. Roussel da O. Sere. Farkon music of Erik Satie Dates baya ga karshen karni na sha tara, da 80-90-ies. Wannan ne "Mass ga matalauci" ga mawaka da kuma sashin jiki, piano sake zagayowar "Cold Play" da kuma sanannen "Gymnopédies".

Hadin gwiwa da Cocteau. Ballet "Parade"

Tuni a cikin 20s Sati wallafa wani zaɓi na piano guda da cewa suna da wani bakon tsari da kuma sabon abu da sunan: "The doki ta fata", "Uku Pieces a cikin nau'i na wani pear," "Dried tãyuna", "Atomatik description". A lokaci guda, ya rubuta da dama ma'ana, sosai melodic songs a Waltz, wanda ya faru a kan jama'a hankali. A 1915 Satie jiran wani muhimmanci ganawa da Jean Cocteau, marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, mawãƙi kuma music sukar lamiri. Daga shi ya zo da tsari kafa, tare da Picasso ta shahara rawa ga Diaghilev ta nagartattu. A 1917, da zũriyarsu - da rawa "Parade" - An wallafa.

M, kuma da gangan accentuated primitivism reni ga euphony music, ƙara da ci dan hanya sauti kamar bugun tafireta, sirens da sauran abin hawa ne dalilin da m hukunci da jama'a da kuma masu sukar hari, wanda, duk da haka, bai dakatar da mawaki da abokansa. Music rawa "Parade" ya mayar da martani na music zauren, kuma motifs reminiscent na karin waƙa cewa raira waƙa a kan tituna.

Drama "Socrates"

A 1918 Satie rubuta halin daban-daban aiki. Symphonic wasan kwaikwayo tare da raira waƙoƙi, "Socrates", da rubutu na wanda aiki a matsayin asalin hirar da Plato ta marubucin, kange, crystal bayyana, ko da gintsẽwa. Yana yana da wani frills da wasanni ga jama'a. Shi ne da antithesis na "Parade", ko da yake a tsakãninsu da rubuce-rubuce ne kawai a kan wani shekara. A karshen "Socrates" Erik Satie ciyar da ra'ayin da kayayyakinta, tare da music, wanda zai zama a matsayin backdrop to yau da kullum harkokin.

A karshe shekaru ransa

Karshen your aiki rayuwa Satie hadu yayin da suke zaune a wannan unguwar waje na Paris. Ya bai hadu da tsohon abokai, ciki har da waɗanda suke tãre da "Shida". Erik Satie taru a kusa da shi a da'irar sabon composers. Yanzu suna kiran kansu "Arkeyskoy makaranta." Akwai Cliquet-Pleyel, Corey, da Yakubu, da kuma shugaba Dezormer. Musicians tattauna sabon art na demokra] iyya hali. A mutuwar Sati kusan babu wanda ya san. Wannan ba a rufe, ba magana game da shi. Genius tafi kada a gane shi. Kawai a cikin tsakiyar karni na ashirin sun sake sha'awar a cikin art, ya music da falsafa.