Down ciwo: cututtuka a lokacin daukar ciki, haddasawa

Kowane yaro, ko da kuwa da matsalolin da suka taso, da za a auna da kuma lura da iyayensu. A wannan labarin na so in yi magana game da yadda za ciki fitowa yaro da Down ciwo da kuma abin da matsaloli da ka iya fuskanta.

A 'yan kalmomi game da cutar

Da cutar samu da sunan da girmama na likita wanda yayi nazari shi - Dzhon Lengdon Down. Medic fara aikinsa a cikin m 1882, sakamakon da aka buga a 4 shekaru. Abin da za mu ce game da cutar? Saboda haka, shi ne a Pathology cewa yana da chromosomal hali: akwai kasawa a cikin tsari na cell division. Masana kimiyya sun nuna cewa yaran da aka haifa tare da Down ciwo, akwai wani ƙarin, 47th chromosome (a cikin m mutane, kowane cell yana da 46 chromosomes, wanda kawo muhimmanci kayyade bayanai). Idan muka ce kawai, mutane tare da wannan ganewar asali suna dauke hankali retarded (ko da yake haka ne ba za a kira bisa ga halin kirki da kuma halayyarsu).

facts

Key facts game da cutar:

1. Down ta ciwo a ciki daidai da rinjayar biyu maza da mata.
2. Statistics: 1,100 lafiya yara haife 1 baby tare da wannan ciwo.
3. Maris 21 - Rãnar Solidarity tare da mutanen da suke da Down ciwo. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa ranar da aka ba zaba kwatsam. Bayan duk, a cikin hanyar cutar - trisomy na chromosome 21 (lamba ta 21, da serial number na watan - 3).
4. Mutane tare da wannan ganewar asali iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 60. Kuma godiya ga zamani qwarewar a cikin wani wuri da suke ciyarwa quite wata al'ada da cikakken rayuwa (da suka sani yadda za a karanta, rubuta, shiga a cikin harkokin rayuwar jama'a).
5. Cutar da wani iyakokin ko hadarin kungiyoyin. Irin wannan yaro iya haifaffen mace, ko da matakin na ilimi, zamantakewa matsayi, launi, ko kiwon lafiya hali daban.

dalilai

Mun la'akari da kara taken: "Down ciwo: cututtuka a lokacin daukar ciki." Abin da dalilai na iya taimakawa wajen wannan cuta? Saboda haka, kamar yadda aka ce a sama, shi ne ke da alhakin duk karin 47th chromosome. Duk da matakai da kai ga abin da ya faru na wani ciwo ya faru a lokacin da samuwar intrauterine fetal a lokacin cell division. Modern masana sun ce shi ne bazuwar chromosomal maye gurbi, wanda ba ya dogara ne a kan waje dalilai.

hadarin kungiyoyin da statistics

A hadarin Down ta ciwo a ciki dabam domin daban-daban kungiyoyin na mata:

1. 20-25 shekaru. A hadarin da wannan alama a wani yaro ne daidai 1/1562.
2. 25-35. Hadarin ƙaruwa: 1/1000.
3. 35-39: 1/214.
4. Girmi shekaru 45. A hadarin kamar yadda zai yiwu ne mai girma. A wannan yanayin, 19 jariran da wani jariri da aka haife tare da Down ciwo.

Amma ga Dad, nan da likita binciken ne ba kamar yadda bayyananne. Duk da haka, mafi masana sun ce mai girma damar yin ciki a "rãnã yaro" yana samuwa ga ubanninsu kan shekara 42.

gwaje-gwaje

Modern masana kimiyya sun ƙirƙira musamman gwaje-gwaje, ta hanyar abin da za ka iya kawar da hadarin Down ta ciwo a ciki. A wannan yanayin, da mace za ta yi amsa wadannan tambayoyi key:

1. Age.
2. Kabilanci.
3. Miyagun halaye (shan taba).
4. jiki nauyi.
5. A gaban ciwon sukari mellitus.
6. Yawan haihuwa.
7. Ganewa: An IVF hanya aka yi amfani da.

Duk da haka, yana da daraja a ce godiya ga daya kawai gwajin shirin ya kawar da hadarin da jariri da cutar da wannan ciwo ba zai iya zama mai ɗari bisa dari. Don yin wannan, amfani da ƙarin kudi.

Ta yaya zan sani?

Mun ci gaba da kara tattaunawa a kan topic: "Down ciwo: cututtuka a lokacin daukar ciki." Kamar yadda riga aka ambata a sama, wannan Pathology yana da wani kwayoyin halitta. Saboda haka, za ka iya koyi game da shi a lokacin da jariri ne a cikin tsari na fetal ci gaba. Abin da irin bincike a cikin wannan hali zai zama dacewa?

1. Amurka. A karo na farko dole ne a da za'ayi a cikin lokaci daga 11 zuwa 13 makonni. A irin wannan yanayi za a yi karatu nuchal yaro da zai sa ya yiwu a ce, idan akwai Pathology na yaro (a kan duban dan tayi za a iya gani Musulunci haddi ko halatta kauri daga cikin wuyansa yanki ne fiye da 3 mm)
2. Analysis na uwarsa jini. Don yin wannan bukatar auku jini daga jannayẽnsa. Idan akwai abnormality a tayin, uwar za a dagagge matakan β-hCG subunit (zama da shi a 2 inna).
3. Analysis na jini. A hadarin da ciwon nan gaba yaro ciwo iya zama haka al'amarin idan bangaren PAPP-A inna kasa da 0.5.

Ya kamata a ce cewa wannan binciken ne ake kira "hade nunawa kima" (ko da farko nunawa gwajin). Kawai a hade iya nuna sakamakon da daidai a 86%.

ƙarin bincike

Saboda haka, Down ta ciwo, cututtuka na ciki. Amurka - a matsayin hanyar bincike - domin yanke shawara a daidai ganewar asali ne kawai bai isa ba. Idan na farko nunawa ya nuna cewa jaririn yana da cider, expectant uwa don likita iya shawara in je wani nazari (shi za bukatar a taron cewa lady yake faruwa a yanke a yi wani zubar da ciki). Yana transcervical amnioscopy. A lokacin wannan hanya, chorionic villus samfurori da ake dauka, wanda zai je dakin gwaje-gwaje domin sosai magani. A sakamakon a wannan harka shi ne 100% daidai. An muhimmin batu: wannan hanya zai iya zama haɗari ga wani yaro ta rayuwa, don haka ya tsai da shawarar, iyaye ya kamata tunani a hankali game da wannan. Doctors tĩlasta wata mace da wannan binciken iya ba.

biyu nunawa

Muna nazari kara da taken: "Down ciwo: cututtuka a lokacin daukar ciki." Saboda haka muhimmanci a lokacin na dauke da jariri zai zama ma a biyu nunawa. Yana da aka gudanar a karo na biyu trimester, tsakanin 16th da kuma 18th makonni na ciki. Bayyanar cututtuka na da ciwo a cikin binciken na jini uwa:

1. HCG inna 2 a sama.
2. AFP matakan da ke ƙasa 0.5 inna.
3. Free estriol - kasa da 0.5 inna.
4. Inhibin A - 2 inna.

Har ila yau muhimmanci zai kasance duban dan tayi ganewar asali:

1. Fruit girman karami fiye da al'ada.
2. Rage ko babu hanci kashi a wani yaro.
3. A rage na femoral da humeral ƙasũsuwa.
4. A babba muƙamuƙi yaro size zai zama karami fiye da al'ada.
5. Yana zai zama daya jijiya maimakon biyu a cibiyarki igiyar da yaro.
6. A urinary mafitsara da tayin za a karu.
7. The yaro sau da yawa m zuciya rate kiyaye.
8. The mace na iya zama ruwa scarcity. Ko ruwar iya zama ba a nan gaba ɗaya.

ƙarshe na ciki

Abin da kuma ya kamata ka sani mata wanda ake la'akari da taken: "Down ciwo: cututtuka na ciki?" Saboda haka, dakushe a cikin zubar da ciki na daya iya ba. Wannan ya zama mai kyau a tuna. A likita iya kawai shawara da wadannan:

1. Ƙarshe na ciki da kuma rabu da tayin da Pathology.
2. Haihu, ko da abin da, da yaro da ta musamman bukatun (a cikin wannan harka bukata ba kawai more ikon, amma kuma a wajen).

Yankan shawara a kan yadda za events za su ci gaba da kara, suna na musamman da yaron ya iyaye.

game da uwar

Saboda haka, Down ta ciwo. Ãyõyin ciki, sai su yi magana, kawai game da wani abu da ke dangantawa da wannan cuta, suna ba. Me zai Ina jin a lokacin gestation na baby ta musamman game da expectant uwa? Babu wani abu sabon abu. A waje yanayin da kiwon lafiya na mace ne babu albarkacin tasiri. watau duk abin da ya faru da wasu masu ciki da zai faru da mahaifiyata, da ba a haifa ba ne Pathology. Saboda haka abin da kawai daya daga cikin su bayyanar ko gaban wasu cututtuka a mace ba zai iya ce game da ko ta jariri sabawa.

alama

Bugu da ari, idan akai la'akari da irin Pathology kamar yadda Down ta ciwo. A lokacin daukar ciki, musamman idan ka saka takamaiman ganewar asali, da yawa iyaye suke sha'awar: idan wani yaro da aka haife tare da wani Pathology, akwai wani dama na ciwon biyu baby ba tare da sabawa? Akwai biyu zažužžukan:

1. Idan yaro ne da hankula tripling na chromosome 21, yiwuwar samun wani m ciki da wannan Pathology - 1%.
2. Idan aka gada daga inna ko baba translocation form, yiwuwar ne mafi girma. Duk da haka, daidai Figures da babu likitoci.

Oh baby

Watakila ba kowa ya san cewa yara tare da wannan cuta da ake kira "hasken rana da yara." Ga irin wadannan mutane akwai shafi tunanin mutum retardation (iya Range daga m ga mafi hadaddun siffofin). Amma wannan ba wani hukunci. Godiya ga zamani horo shirye-shirye da kuma ci gaban kimiyya, da masana da wadannan yara za su iya kai gaba daya rayuwarmu ta kullum. Idan yi daidai, da yaro ba ne kawai zai iya, amma kuma quite iya koyi yadda za a rubuta, karanta. Wadannan yara, kamar kowa, son "fita", ya yi tafiya, to dubi wani sabon abu, mai haske da kuma kyau. A manyan birane akwai musamman cibiyoyin inda tare da yara da ciwon da irin wannan ganewar asali, suna tsunduma. Akwai ma wasu makarantu ga marasa lafiya da Down ciwo. Lalle ne shĩ, mutum tare da ganewar asali wani lokacin ba zai iya yi ba tare da taimako, shi wajibi ne mu tuna cewa. Saboda haka, idan tayin da aka samu Down ta ciwo a lokacin daukar ciki, iyaye ya kamata a hankali auna da ribobi da fursunoni don yin da hakkin yanke shawara.