Dacron: abin da shi ne, ainihin dũkiyarsu da kuma aikace-aikace

Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na nama nuna a kan tasirin da yawa iri tufafi, za ka iya sau da yawa ganin kalmar dacron. Mene ne wannan? Bugu da kari shi ne daya daga cikin rare roba kayan, mafi yawan mutane ba su sani ba game da shi mai yawa.

Mene ne polyester?

Kimiyance shi ne ake kira polyethylene. Wannan shi ne wani samfurin samu ta hanyar polycondensation na terephthalic acid (DMT) da kuma ethylene glycol. Shi ne mai ɗamfarar wanda shi ne colorless a amorphous jihar da kuma crystalline yana da wani farin launi. A sakamakon wani tsarin sunadarai a wani zazzabi an kafa na polyester zaruruwa da ciwon high ƙarfi, kuma karko.

Tarihi da sunan

Samu da sunan da godiya ga polyester abu Laboratory na Macromolecular tana gina Academy of Sciences, inda ya fara bayyana. A farko haruffa na sunan dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma ba da sunan wani sabon abu. A wasu ƙasashe, so yana da daban-daban sunayen - Dacron a Amurka tergal a Faransa, Trevira a Jamus.

A kan aiwatar da inganta wannan abu da yawa daga cikin bashi nasa ne E. M. Ayzenshteynu, a karkashin jagorancin wanda ya a lokacin samu wani fasaha polyester thread, wanda yana da musamman Properties.

Production na Dacron

A daya factory nazarinsa sinadaran dauki faruwa, sakamakon dũkiyar DMT da ethylene glycol ana tuba a cikin wani danko sosai taro smolistoobraznuyu. A cikin kadi niƙa ta amfani da musamman kayan aiki fiber kafa gare ta. Guduro gudana bakin ciki kõguna ta hanyar kankanin ramukan. A kan su size da kuma kauri dogara a kan gaba thread. fiber kadi gudun ne daga 500 zuwa 1200 mita da minti. Thin webs ake gam da sauri zuwa ga thread kuma rauni uwa bobbin.

Wadannan zaruruwa da ba polyester. Mene ne wannan? Yayin da sakamakon abu za a iya kira wani amorphous polymer, wanda shi ne har yanzu ba dace da masana'antu kayayyakin. A wani zazzabi shi ne hõre mikewa, sa'an nan zafi-kafa tare da zafi iska, kuma amma sai ya aiko da sakar masana'antu da sauran Enterprises.

Yarn, wanda a nan gaba zai zama ulu, unwound daga spools, tattara a cikin daure. Sa'an nan ya miƙa, corrugate, da kuma fiber acquires kama da na halitta gashi. A strands sun yanyanke, da girma da wanda ya dogara a kan yadda za a halitta fiber , za su ci gaba da za a gauraye.

Kadarorin lavsanovyh zaruruwa

Wannan abu yana da yawan abũbuwan amfãni idan aka kwatanta da polyamide zaruruwa. Yana mai daraja ga juriya da danshi, haske, high yanayin zafi da kuma mai kyau elasticity, mãdalla da kiyaye folds da kuma pleats a cikin wanka.

Products sanya wannan kayan kama ulu. Amma, sabanin su, da yawa karfi, ba lalace ta hanyar kwari ko fumfuna, wadanda ba flammable kuma sun fi resistant zuwa abrasion. Polyester - a fiber wanda ya nàkasasshē kawai a zazzabi sama 260 ⁰S. Yana bunƙasa a tsakanin acidic da weakly alkaline matsakaici.

High crystallinity da kuma kananan rami masu girma dabam ba da damar ingancin Paint abu a karkashin al'ada yanayi. Wannan ne mafi kyau yi kafin samuwar zaruruwa ko a high matsa lamba da kuma yawan zafin jiki na 200 ⁰S.

Ta ilimin sha'aninsu dabam abu ne polyester. Mẽne ne - sanannen likita kwararru. Wannan abu ba hulɗa tare da jikin mutum, inda Dacron yarn ne yadu amfani a tiyata. Ba kamar al'ada m sutures, ba su deform bayan tiyata da kuma riƙe dutsen ado bayyanar.

A amfani da Dacron

A abin da kawai masana'antu da kuma na kasa tattalin arzikin ba ya sami yin amfani da polyester saboda ta musamman Properties! Special bukatar shi a cikin yadi masana'antu domin samar da dinki thread, labule yadudduka, ado yadudduka da kuma wucin gadi Jawo. polyester masana'anta da aka yi amfani da nasara a samar da knitted outerwear, shirts, kara, riguna, da sauransu. d.

A insulating Properties na wannan abu yi shi ba makawa a cikin wutar lantarki masana'antu. Wuta hoses, ban ruwa inji hoses, Ya sanya daga Dacron, ba rot kuma suna da wani sosai tsawon sabis rayuwa.

All babban bukatar a magani polyester. Ana amfani da matsayin canza jini. A tiyata lavsanovaja thread ƙara maye gurbin al'ada.

A mafi yadu amfani polyethylene terephthalate samu a fannin abinci fina-finai, roba kwantena da kuma kwalabe. Bugu da kari, shi ne wani muhimmin bangaren da yi na zamani kafofin watsa labarai (CDs, fina-finai, kaset).

A sinadaran masana'antu, kiwon lafiya da aikin injiniya da kuma ba zai iya yi a yau ba tare da yin amfani da Dacron. Ana amfani da a yi na iyali kayan, abinci kayan, na'ura mai mota. Ciko terephthalate daban-daban Additives (fiberglass, Teflon, molybdenum disulphide) muhimmanci inganta ta inji da lantarki Properties. Hard kira yau fannin samar, wanda zai ba da aka yi amfani da polyester. Mẽne ne, kuma abin da Properties - da aka tattauna a cikin daki-daki, a cikin labarin.