Coven - menene wannan? Coven na mayu. Coven na mayu a Rasha

Rasha da yake faruwa ta hanyar mai ban sha'awa lokaci na Renaissance na arna na ibada. Hakika, mafi vividly game da kanka jami'an ce da kerata Slavic kafirci - kungiya ta kashin rodnovercheskih al'ummu daban daban. Duk da haka, a kan bango na ƙara yaduwar ra'ayoyi da kuma sauran neo-arna asiri. Ƙara, misali, magana game da Wicca - takamaiman mayya addini, wanda aka wakilta a cikin kasar da dama al'ummomi, da dama mutum likitoci da taro na sympathizers, mafi yawa daga cikin matasa.

Wicca Addini

Wicca - neopagan addini fuskantarwa da mafi girmamawa a kan yi a kansa na sihiri. Ta ibada dogara ne a kan da bauta wa yanayi, wanda ya zama mutum da Great Mother Goddess. shi ne sau da yawa tare da mika wuya da kuma wani lokacin daidai, da horned Allah, danganta wa] annan tare da horned Allah tsaoho asiri. Domin wadannan dalilai, da yawa Wiccans sau da yawa suna da'awar cewa Wicca - zamani gade wa da (wani lokacin jãyayya da cewa a kai tsaye continuer, ka fito daga catacombs), da sadaukarwa na Mother Goddess na zamanin d kabilu na m al'umma. Saboda haka, da suka yi da'awar cewa su mabiyan daga cikin tsofaffin a tarihin addinai na duniya.

Ana zargin Wicca da farko coven na mayu

A tarihi darajar da muhawara a cikin ni'imar da tsufa da Wicca ne low. The hukuma ranar haihuwa na da rukunan - a 1954, ko da yake, ba shakka, da yawa daga cikin ra'ayoyin sun kasance a cikin iska esoteric duniya tun kafin cewa. Shi ne gaskiya a lura da cewa a cikin tauhidin da kuma al'adar Wiccans gaske irin remodel wasu ra'ayoyi da kuma siffofin prehistoric kungiyoyin asiri, a lokaci guda rayayye rairaya su tare da tsoho, na da, da na zamani hadisai. Kiran kasuwa na Wicca ya Gerald Gardner, wanda sunansa ne aka nasaba da farko Wiccan coven na mayu - New Forest, dake da sansani a Ingila.

yanzu Wicca

Wiccan tauhidin da aka ba a ɗaure da m yaudarar aqidar. Ya zauna wani fifiko ga veneration na womanhood a fuskar Goddess, sau da yawa tripartite Uwar danganta wa] annan da yanayi. A takamaiman abun ciki da kuma fahimtar Wiccan ibada ya bambanta daga al'umma zuwa al'umma. A mafi gargajiya suna dauke su shugabanci na Gerald Gardner da Aleksa Sandersa - Gardnerian da Iskandariya hadisai bi da bi. Kan bango na samun saurin bunkasuwar feyskaya, Dianic, Celtic da sauran rassan, wanda ya hada duka biyu Kadaitaccen - guda likitoci da kuma zarce - shirya al'ummomi.

Wiccan al'umma kungiyar

Local Tarayya kira Wicca mayu da'irar ko coven. Coven - shi ne, a gaskiya, da al'umma, a daga mũminai Wiccans. Yawancin lokaci, wadannan kungiyoyin masu zaman kansu administrative daga sauran kungiyoyin na nasu irin (ko da a cikin wata guda hadisin). Su wakilci kawai cell bangaren Wiccan al'umma, tare da akwai mutane da yawa masu goyon baya masu ce da kuma aikatawa Wicca kadai.

Bambanci tsakanin coven da kuma kewaye a Wicca

Wani lokaci za ka iya samun bambanci tsakanin "da'irar" da "coven" a Wicca. A cewar daya daga bayani, coven - ne totality of mũminai Wiccans, gida batutuwa a cikin al'umma guda. Yana hada priestesses, firistocin da suke da qaddamar mambobi da kuma daliban da suka suna shirya don qaddamarwa. Circle kuma hadawa kawai ciki core na horar da qaddamar da cikakken fledged mambobi ne na coven. Amma ya kamata a lura da cewa ba duk bi don irin wannan fassarar Concepts ta hanyar gabatar da wasu bambantawa tsarin.

Da farko Wiccan coven na mayu a Rasha

A Rasha, da kalmar "coven" kuma ya zama m da ci gaban Wicca. Yana faru quite marigayi (idan aka kwatanta da Amurka da Turai, inda Wicca a farkon karni na XXI ya kasance cikin saba gargajiya addini). Da zarar a kan ƙasa na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet ta farko da aka yi na guda, sannu a hankali ya fara samar da wata al'umma a cikin abin da suka fara yi siffar shirya al'ummomi. A karshe, na farko coven na mayu a Rasha da aka hukuma da rajista da hukumomi na Jamhuriyar Udmurtia a Izhevsk. Yana da aka kira zarce Willow M. Yau, akwai Wiccans Union of Rasha, a karkashin laimar wanda da dama sauran shirya kungiyoyin na Wiccans. Babban daga gare su - da, ba zato ba tsammani, mafi yawa - suna located a cikin ... Moscow da kuma St. Petersburg!

A tsarin da coven

A tsarin da coven ne conventionally matsayi. The matsayi manufa da aka bayyana, a gaskiya cewa jagorancinsa na al'ada da kuma administrative mayar da hankali a cikin hannãyenku daga cikin high priestess na wani coven. Idan, duk da haka, a kan wani par da aljanna biya mubaya'a ga Allah, shi ne sau da yawa management al'umma tare da priestess ya raba fada. Su ne, bi da bi, wakiltar da ikon allahntaka da allahiya kuma gunkin. A conventionality na da matsayi shi ne cewa, da farko, ba duk zarce soma wani irin makirci da kungiyar - wasu jayayya don cikakkar daidaito da kuma gudanar da zaben da m priestess da kuma firist, a wani musamman na al'ada. Abu na biyu, da yawa kungiyoyin, ko da waɗanda suke tãre da m m mayya, ya ba cikin sauri zuwa wakilta don su administrative dalĩli a kansu.

Wannan Wicca bambanta daga wasu mazan addinai, wanda alama ne mai kyau-tsare tsarin da matsayi management. Tun da muna da la'akari da ya kwarara a cikin manufa hanya zuwa ga manufa na karkashin shugabancin tsakiya da administrative ko sacramental ãyã, kuma kowane coven - shi ne zaman kansu daga sauran Wiccan kungiyar, da kuma ci gaba a matsayi tsarin ne ga wannan addini superfluous. A cikin wani hali, idan shi ne ba a cikin kowace al'umma, shi ne iya, kamar yadda wani banda ga mulkin.

Wicca zarce na mayu ne

Ko da yake kalmar "coven" a yau mafi sau da yawa amfani a tare da tare da Wiccan addini, shi ne ba a Wiccan farko. Kullum a cikin harshen Turanci coven - shi ne wani tsari kungiyar na bokaye da matsafa, mayu, ko ma kawai wani taron jama'a domin sihiri holidays da kuma ibada, da aka sani da zarce. Saboda haka, coven, a gaskiya, shi ne wani tsari na al'ada dalilai wani rukuni na mutane, wanda wuri da kansu a matsayin mayu. Next, mun tattauna yadda da kuma lokacin ya yi wannan lokaci.

A etymology na kalmar "coven"

Wannan kalma ta fito ne daga Latin fi'ili convenire, wanda fassara kawai a matsayin "taron". Duk da haka, a cikin harshen Turanci, ya sami ƙarin muhimmanci - "kawayeniya". Kek tushe na kalmar an yi ĩmãni to daidai da ra'ayin wani mutum (bãwa) a kansa na sihiri. Daga wannan ya faru, musamman, da Turanci kalma mayya - «mayya».

A tarihin "coven" da kalmar

Tarihi da kalmar ke mayar da tsakiyar zamanai. Bisa ga samuwa tarihi da kuma wallafe-wallafen Figures, wannan kalma sosai a farkon zama mãsu ƙarfin niyya na musamman na al'ada inuwa. Alal misali, shi ne sau da yawa amfani da su koma zuwa ga gamuwa da goma sha uku mutane - ba kuma babu kasa. Ambaci kalmar "coven" a cikin wannan hanya da aka sani riga daga ta goma sha biyu karni. Wani lokaci daga baya, a lokacin da kasashen Turai ya ci kalaman na mayya farauta, wannan ra'ayi da aka yi amfani a matsayin aiki lokaci domin clandestine kungiyar na bokaye da matsafa.

Wasu fitattun Figures na tsakiyar zamanai, ma'ana maita zarce a matsayin al'umma bai wuce da kuma na biyu ma'anar kalmar. Me kuke nufi? A cewar su, zarce na mayu da zarce shirya bai wanzu a zahiri, amma shi ne ƙũra halitta da diabolical sojojin domin yaudarar mutane. Da irin wannan ra'ayi da aka dauka, misali, Bishop Shartra Ioann Solsberiysky.

A tsawon lokaci, duk da haka, da imani da gaskiyar sihiri nighttime Hangout ƙarfafa, duka a jama'a, kazalika da a mafi girma strata wadanda mutane da kuma iko na ruhaniya. Mutane fara magana tsanani game da karkashin kasa zarce na mayu, da kuma} ungiyoyin da kuma ecclesiastical kotu fara biya musamman da hankali ga batutuwan da suka shafi su daukan hotuna. Na fara da nunawa shaida al'amarin, da kuma bayan su, da kuma same shi da laifin maita ikirari na mutane. A mafi tsufa na irin a Turai takardun alaka da farko kwata na karni na sha hudu. Yana ambaci Irish coven na goma sha uku mayu, jagorancin Alice Kyteler. A da farko idan a Ireland, a lokacin da ake zargi da maita ƙone mutum.

Wani lokaci daga baya, tun karni na sha shida, na zuwa wani m kungiyar na mayu ne mai kowa batu na wani zargin inquisitor. Coven haka ba zai iya zama a duk, amma wannan shi ne lura da misali, domin sau da yawa zaci cewa mayya abubuwa a sun haɗu da wani rukuni na wasu mutane da hannu a kwangila da shaidan.

By karni na sha takwas, a lokacin da Witching matakai a Ingila ya kwanta, figuring da Kalmar "coven" a cikin yi na dokar ya zo da kõme ba. Around lokaci guda ya fara samun lokacinta aiwatar da gabatarwa da occult, wanda peaked a cikin karni na sha tara. Kuma a cikin karni na ashirin, a lokacin da magana game da Tarurrukan na mayya, manufar a coven sake zo a cikin wurare dabam dabam. A karshe, wani rukuni na 'yan Order na Golden Dawn sihiri, jagorancin ambata Gerald Gardner, ya shiga wani kawance da dama masu bincike na almara da kuma maita likitoci a cikin wasu iyali hadisin, fiili a coven "New Forest". Wannan yana yiwuwa ya jagoranci wani bujuro da ban sha'awa a cikin Turai Witching hadisin. Ko da yake, a cikin adalci, ya kamata a lura da cewa ba duk masana tarihi sun karkata zuwa amince da labaru game da bayyanar da Gardner tarin. Wasu sun bayar da hujjar cewa ya kawai ya ƙirƙira.

Coven na mayu a yankin arewacin Rasha a matsayin wani misali na harkokin na manufar "coven"

Kan bango na yaduwar Wicca da mayya kungiyoyi, da kalmar "coven" ne mafi zama m, kuma a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Ba tsere da rabo daga cikin profanation na addini lokaci, da kuma Rasha, inda kwanan nan ya kanta sani a yawan dubious kungiyoyi da cewa kiran kansu da wannan lokaci. Alal misali, "Coven Arewa mayu". A dalilan da wannan ne sauki. Shi ne ba wani asirin da cewa a cikin kasar bayan faduwar da Iron Curtain ya siffata quite m kasuwar na al'ada da kuma ruhaniya ayyuka, wanda shi ne wani tunani na kasuwanci da kuma esoteric addini ferment a zukatan 'yan ƙasa. Yau akwai wani jinkirin amma kwari inganci riga kafa mayya mayya al'adun musamman falsafa, ilmi da kuma ko da addini. A karshen shafi ba kawai don Wicca. Hakika, a cikin kasuwanci sarari ricochet bayyana kungiyar, kiran kansu Coveney da kuma kiran duk wanda ya so su da sabis na fee. A Firayim misali na irin wannan shiri ne daya St. Petersburg coven na mayu. Banteeva Natalia - ta kafa, da kuma shugaban - da lashe tara kakar na Battle of psychics, wanda a kanta ne dalilin damuwa, ba yanayin wannan staging nuna. Bayan ya yi nasara a aljanna Natalya Banteeva ba su rasa da kuma tattara a karkashin ta protectorate 'yan mutane, wanda kafa da ake kira Arewa coven na mayu. Commercial ayyuka na wannan al'umma da aka mayar da hankali, a tsakiyar ci gaban da hali "Wake up", wanda yana cikin siffar wani classic sabis hukumar tare da esoteric lankwasa. Flashy da kuma kasuwanci-daidaitacce yanayin da aiki (kewayawa yankuna na kasar, da taron manema labarai ;. Biya sabis tsĩrar da su rafi, da dai sauransu) ya sanya a cikin wani mizani wannan coven na mayu. Banteeva Natalia ya positioned kansa a matsayin karfi qwaqwalwa ne qwarai a Rasha, amma, mafi m, wannan shi ne kawai a marketing ploy, da nufin dangantaka da jama'a da kuma abokin ciniki saye. Abin baƙin ciki, akwai dalilin yi imani da cewa sauran kungiyoyi masu yawa esoteric da kuma ruhaniya sarari na Rasha ayyuka suna da za'ayi ma ga ra'ayin, amma ga riba.

Mayya zarce a art

A cikin sharuddan art, mafi muhimmiyar rawa a cikin gabatarwa na maita zarce taka leda cinema. Daga cikin abubuwan, da 'ya'yan itatuwa - sanannen TV jerin "American Horror Story". "Coven" - da lakabi na karo na uku kakar, gaba ɗaya duqufar da mayu na New Orleans. Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura shi ne da sadaukarwa TV jerin "makari", wanda ya gaya game da wani rukuni na uku hereditary mayya-yan'uwa. Format Wiccan coven aka lit a cikin jerin game da Vampires, "Gaskiya Blood." Kuma a karshe, ba za mu iya tunawa da "Salem". Wannan shi ne wani zamani jerin. mayu coven shi ne nuna adawa da coci da kuma} ungiyoyin kotu. A fim dogara ne a kan real events Salem Witching tafiyar matakai.