Cornelius Vanderbilt: photos, biography, quotes, faxin

Idan muka gano wa tarihi na duk aka sani da manyan harufai, waɗanda ake yanzu ake kira "haihuwa kudi", mafi sau da yawa a tushen na farko da riba, zai kasance mutane tare da dubious kyawawan dabi'u, amma tare da mai girma baiwa. Kuma wannan ya shafi dukan na zamani shugabanninmu, iyayengiji kuma sanatocin. Yana da daraja ambaton Rasha tarihi, ba ma haka yanzu kamar yadda ya fahimta ta hanyar abin da wasu shekara ɗari da zuriyar mutane wanda ya riga ya yi arziki a cikin 90s na karshe karni, idan ba tare da lakabi, ku yiwuwa za a girmama mutane a kan dukkan nahiyoyi. Sai dai in, ba shakka, babban birnin, anã riɓanya. Wani lokacin tsananin sonta take zuriya kawai bazzara jihar. Haka ya faru tare da Legacy da farko Amirka ta fi mutum.

Sunan Cornelius Vanderbilt a Amurka san dukan ayyukan suke kunshe a cikin tattalin arziki da litattafan, girgiza sunansa kocina da kuma malamai dabarun sirri girma. Amma ya labarin da labarin irin ƙare har a kan dansa. Ba na yi mafarki game da wannan hamshakin.

The iyali Van der Bilten

Cornelius na huɗu yaro a cikin iyali, duk da sunansa sauti kamar Cornelius Vanderbilt Jr., sunansa ya samu a cikin girmamawa mahaifinsa. Ya mahaifar da iyali gona, ya faru a watan Mayu 1794. Kamar dukan Amirkawa, Van der Bilten sun baƙi, ya yi okin su sake gina rayukansu a wani m matakin. Game da miliyoyin wanda ya so. To, da aiki tukuru don ciyar da iyalansu da kuma aikatãwa wani Tranquil tsufa, - watakila shi ne kawai kudi dalili ga iyali. Sunan mahaifi Vanderbilt asali kunshi uku aka gyara: Van der Bilten. Tare da gibba smoothed fitar a kan lokaci, da kuma sunan samu hadin kai biyu a pronunciation da kuma a rubuce.

Uba na nan gaba magnate sanã'anta a kan wani karamin gona, nishadantarwa a cikin aikin a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa. A cikin fahimtar da teku, da tashar jiragen ruwa rayuwa - shi ne mai matukar nauyi, wanda kawai yana da datti aiki da kuma kadan samun kudin shiga. Wannan ra'ayin ya yi wahayi zuwa hudu dan, amma da yaron san daban. A cikin mafarki marine rayuwa nufi da 'yanci da dukiya, kuma Unlimited yiwuwa. Tun suna yara, dabam-dabam kaifi fushi, Cornelius Vanderbilt so a daina makaranta a shekaru 11, domin yi nasu abu. Kuma ko da ya bar ganuwar ta, amma da tashar jiragen ruwa da aka ba nan da nan kai, har zuwa shekaru 16, ya yi aiki tukuru a kan iyali gona. Amma ko da idan ya so ya ci gaba da karatunsa, ya ba su ci nasara ba. Da farko kasuwanci da kuma abin kunya da ya gina a cikin ganuwar da ma'aikata.

A farko kwarewa da ciniki da kuma ci da ceto

Kafin je fita don na farko da miliyan, Cornelius Vanderbilt nuna scandalous, sha'anin da kuma rigidity a matsalar warwarewa. A yanayin ne har yanzu a cikin ganuwar da ma'aikata inda matasa moneymaker koya karatu da kuma ilmin lissafi.

Malami a wata makaranta ta ba su sãɓã ba daga kewaye da wuya ma'aikata, rubutu, karatu da kirgawa basira baya. Sauran jerin "falalan" ya na kowa, da buguwa, shi ne na farko line. Noticing daya abinci buguwan giya daga daya daga cikin malamai, Cornelius yanke shawarar sauqaqa irin wahalar da ya miƙa a matsayin magani ga masara-vodka dubious asalin. Hakika, shi kudin wasu kudi. Malamin iya tsayayya da kuma aka shigar da "mai ceto" a zunubansu, musamman da suka kawo sha shi ya rahusa fiye da duk kewaye saloons.

Har yaushe wannan symbiosis, tarihi ne shiru, amma da zarar ta Tir malami yanke shawarar tserewa daga clutches na tenacious koyi. An sa'an nan ya buɗe, da gaskiya yanayi na kasuwanci sharks: Cornelius Vanderbilt ce cewa dukan labarin ya ji gaya da babba, da dukan mutanen da ke kewaye, a kan abin da zaman na malamin a cikin ofishin. Ya yi sallama nan da nan. Tarihi karshe suka bayyana, wata babbar abin kunya ya barke, malaman fitar wulãkantuwa, ya bar Cornelius.

Daga baya, ya ce: "Idan na riƙi lokacin da za a yi nazarin, da ba zan sami lokaci don yin wani abu." Wannan hali da falsafa makaranta ya kinship tare da duk nouveau riche lokaci na American masana'antu.

Business for 10 kangare wa

Vanderbilt Kornelius dogon mamakin yadda za a yi kudi, kuma inda don samun fara-up babban birnin kasar. Iyaye, sai ya nemi goma dalar saya jirgin ruwa mai filafili. Jimlar ga manoma wajen manyan, da kuma mahaifin ba zai iya yanke shawara a kan irin wannan m mataki, musamman lõkacin da ta je tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma duk abin da hade da shi. Amma uwar san duk da danta da ya zaɓi ya kyauta ya request, amma tare da yanayin da kafin aiki a kan gona. Don samun fara-up babban birnin kasar, Cornelius da kyawawan gumi a kan iyali: kawo duwatsu, su yi ta tono a cikin ƙasa, shuka shuke-shuke, da sauransu - na aiki a ƙasa ne ko da yaushe mai yawa. Bayan kammala dukan alkawaran da ya samu daga mahaifiyarta ta sirri tanadi.

A farko jirgin

Kada jinkirta shi a cikin mayar da kuka, kuma ba nishadantarwa a gani, goma sha shida sabon-haife ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa nan da nan ya tafi domin sayen jirgin ruwa mai filafili. Sayi jirgin ya m, kawai kiyaye da ninkaya, amma kyaftin aka ƙaddara zama babban jigilar kayayyaki a cikin New York Harbour. Bayarwa Competition mazauna daga gefe daya zuwa sauran da aka babbar, shi ne kawai hanya don samun daga wani sashi na gari zuwa wani. Mutane da yawa sun sanya tafiya sau da yawa a kowace rana, iyo taxi ya yi yaƙi domin kowane fasinja da kuma ga wani wuri a karkashin rana tare. Cornelius Vanderbilt ya ma matasa, da kuma, a cikin ra'ayi na gogaggen direbobin motocin haya, to magance shi da wani wahala ba.

Cikin jirgin da aka ƙoƙarin nutse kowane dare a karon farko. Figuring fitar da abin da ke daidai ba, Vanderbilt gane cewa jirgin ruwan kasa Punch. Fushi ya girma, da hanya ya tafi fists, sunã rantsuwa. Crazy shugaban ya yi aikinsa - ya ji tsõro. Qarfafa tsoro da abokan adawar taimake gagarumin ci gaban karkashin mita biyu, tinned makogwaro da kuma ajiye ba-wallafe-wallafen kalmomi da phrases cewa a fili ya tabbatar da shawarwari ta amfani.

Bayan na farko da ya faru, gasar bai kwanta, amma mutumin yana da "rajista". Mutane da yawa fiye da sau ya zai yi don magance batutuwan da suka shafi wannan, amma labari da aka ƙirƙira a karkashin sunan Cornelius Vanderbilt. Biography tycoon cike da ya yi yãki, eccentricities, mugunta da ikon cimma burin.

dabarun dumping

A wani gajeren lokaci da ya gane cewa play ba za su iya yin janar dokoki ba riba, azumi, Cornelius Vanderbilt sanya nasu dokoki. A jirgin ruwa mai suna "Greyhound" ne yayatawa da za a kawai kiyaye da ninkaya da kuma barazanar nutse a kowane lokaci, amma duk da haka fasinjoji amfani da ayyuka. Uku daloli a kowace mutum - sosai daraja da shi don motsawa zuwa ga wasu gefe na New York, kuma sai ya dauki shi. Vanderbilt ya saukar da kudin tafiye-tafiye zuwa daya dollar, kuma Ya ƙãra zirga-zirgar fasinja, a lokuttan. Yunwa ga giciye kogin ya fara don yin yaki domin wani wuri a cikin jirgin ruwan, kuma sun yarda su zauna a kan juna ta gwiwa, kawai ya cece kudi.

Bayan watanni goma sha biyu, Cornelius ya mahaifiyarsa dauka a cikin goma-dollar bashi, da iyali tsabar kudi ajiye a kan wata dubu. Ya halitta da yanayi a cikin m yanayi ya ba moriya ga fahimtar juna, da su rage farashin daga dukkan kõme, wani m. Rabu da mu duka upstarts kamar. Yãki kasance m abu a gare Vanderbilt, ƙamus bayansa a kudi na teku sharuddan da zabe mat. Duk da haka, Cornelius Vanderbilt sanã'anta kudi don fadada kasuwanci.

A farko jiragen ruwa

Saya da dama jirage, Vanderbilt dauki wata tawagar daidaita kansa: duk rantsuwa, iya tsoro kishiya ferocious irin, karfi da kalmar da kuma, idan ya cancanta, sa'an nan tare da dunkulallen hannu. A kananan jiragen ruwa ya aiki, da jin kunya zuba, shi, dã sun riƙe dukan kasuwar. Amma a cikin 1812-1815 biennium. Yana faru da adawa tsakanin Ingila da kuma Amurka. K. Vanderbilt, a hadarin jirgin da rai ya tafi a kan shipping, kawai wannan lokacin ya dauki kaya da kayayyaki ga sojojin.

Services a cikin sojojin wadata ba free, kuma Cornelius kafa tabbas makirci: saya m kayayyakin a wani sashi na New York da kuma sayar a wata. Gesheft daga resales ya yi ĩmãni gefe, amma saboda babban burin ya wadãtar, amma saboda kasuwanci ne kuma daidai gyara ba. A hankali, ya sayi duk craft dako da kuma kusa su zama a boye abinci. Sai da na ɗauki shekara bakwai. Ya zama maigida na cabotage, daya daga cikin mafi kyau procurers, ya sanã'anta da sunan Amirul, tara da goma sha biyar dala dubu, amma ... da zamanin steamboats.

kyaftin

Cornelius Vanderbilt ba nan da nan ya yaba da al'amurra na steamer jiragen ruwa da kuma fahimtar, na yanke shawarar yi wasa da shi lafiya. Don zama nasara, ya bukaci sanin sabon jirgi da su damar. Kamar yadda wani mutumin da ba ya yi haƙuri m mafita, shi ke sayar wa da dukan rundunar motoci da kuma haya wani kyaftin a kan steamer jirgin Thomas Gibbons ijãrar daya dala dubu a shekara. A lokaci guda ya auri wani suna fadin matasa lady tare da mai makwabtaka gona, Sofii Dzhonson.

Steamer Gibbons jagorancin Kyaftin Vanderbilt nishadi ko fara'a yi flights daga New York zuwa New Jersey. Hawa kaya da kuma fasinjoji domin daban-daban dalilai. Bayan karatun 'yan shekaru, duk cikakkun bayanai na jirgin ta carting da kuma babban kasuwanci, Cornelius Vanderbilt rinjayi Gibbons tare don gina wani sabon jirgin.

A sabon zamanin kasuwanci

Vanderbilt ya kashe a wani sabon jirgin duk da kudi da kuma ya yi wani aiki. A sabon jirgin ruwa da aka mai suna Bellona, kuma Vanderbilt Kornelius, a matsayin shugaban da sha'anin, ya farfado da kansa kasuwanci style - ya kasance matsananciyar juji. The kudin tafiya a kan "Belon" shi ne kawai $ 1, wadda ta kasance hudu sau kasa da cewa dukkan sauran dako.

Fafatawa a gasa, a gefen da yake da doka a kan da dama lokatai bauta a kan shi a kotu, tare da gwanayen kyaftin zo zuwa ga bailiffs, amma duk lokacin da ya tsere daga gare su. Yana da aka ce cewa jirgin yana da wani m gida, wanda kawai ya san Amirul, sabili da haka don haka sauƙi boye daga Themis. Samun wani rinjaye matsayi a cikin harkokin kasuwanci, ya yi kamar wani mai mamaye da kerkẽci, tearing zuwa tãtsuniyõyi gasa, a gaskiya, kamar yadda befits wani mutum mai suna Karniliyas Vanderbilt.

Ya kuma kafa wani kasuwanci: sayi kananan hotel da wani tavern a kan bankunan na kogin, inda a mutunta jama'a iya rayuwa a cikin fata na cikin jirgin da kuma kawai da mai kyau lokaci. Uwar gida ma'aikata zama matarsa. Wannan dade har 1829. A aljihu ya tara da talatin da dubu daloli, amma ya kasance m, da K. Vanderbilt, na farko miliyan shimmered invitingly Outlook ne har yanzu nisa gaba. Shi ne lokacin da za a fara a babban game.

Ƙin matsayin wani nau'i na samun kudin shiga

Cornelius Vanderbilt - babban dan kasuwa, kuma ya bayyana a lokacin kungiyar na farko kenkenewa. Okin ya fara nasu kasuwanci ba tare da wani abokinsu, ya aka sayar da gungumen azaba, a cikin New Jersey da kuma koma New York. Matar tsayayya da canji na wurin zama, amma kai na iyali gamsu ta wajen yin ɓarna, hanyar: ba ka yarda da shi ya yanke shawarar da matarsa, sai ya sanya watanni biyu a wani gida ga mahaukaci.

Back a New York, ya kafa wani kamfanin shipping da ke tsunduma a cikin saba kasuwanci: shari kaya da kuma fasinjoji, amma kudin tafiya ne kawai goma sha biyu aninai.

Jirgin ruwan yawacen duniya ta ruwa aiki tsakanin New York da kuma Pikssillom a kan wannan hanya da lokaci da Vanderbilt riga yana da kenkenewa. Kuma ya tilasta daga cikin kasuwar. Sa'an nan, ya fara gasar tare da Hudson River Association, faduwa da babban bindigogi - Kada ku riƙi kudi domin tafiya. Amma butulci fasinjoji jiran wani nauyi duka daga gratuitous kwatance: da kudin abinci, kuma yanã shã a kan jirgin an overestimated ta sau da yawa, partially biya diyya zuba Vanderbilt game. Association riverine Hudson ya ba har: shi ne na farko da harka a wadda kamfanin nema mai zaman kansa m don rage ayyukan. A matsayin diyya da aka miƙa daya dala dubu xari biyar dala dubu a kowace shekara har tsawon shekaru goma. Kuma Kwamandan amince!

farko da miliyan

Vanderbilt daukawa da ayyukan da daukawa fasinjoji a Boston, Long Island da kuma a cikin birnin na Jihar Connecticut. Business blooms, shekara arba'in sun tara Cornelius jihar yana rabin miliyan daloli, amma kishin kudi da aka ba ta kasu ba. The iyali koma sake, yanzu a Long Island. Ci gaba da zuba, Kwamandan tsira da gasar, na'am diyya da kuma a 1846 ya jiragen ruwa moored a duk manyan biranen {asar Amirka. Sai ya zama a wannan shekara K. Vanderbilt sanã'anta na farko da miliyan a kan shipping kasuwanci.

Panama canal

A 1848 a California, ya gano zinariya adibas, kuma wani zazzabi ya kama America. A mafi sauki hanya don samun hanyar da Panama Canal su yi ta tono a ra'ayin ba sabon ba, amma da makamashi don aiwatar da ra'ayoyin da farko ya bayyana Vanderbilt. Alas, fasaha wajen ba ta wadatar, kuma Cornelius yanke shawarar da tambaya na rage tafiya lokaci domin prospectors nasu hanyar. Amince da Gwamnatin Nicaragua, ya shirya shatan flights, da wanda binciken azumi Buck ne a wurin kwana biyu a baya fiye da takwarorinsu wanda ya tuba zuwa wasu kamfanoni. Kowace shekara, sufuri na fasinjoji kawo Commodore miliyan daya na net samun kudin shiga.

Canal rufi da ra'ayin taba bar Vanderbilt. Sake, da sayar da dukan kasuwanci, Cornelius tafi sami sahabbai. Tun lokacin da aka kafa kamfanin Panama m Fe Co.

sirrinka

A kan Hauwa'u na da sixtieth tunawa da shugaban iyali na Vanderbilts a cike da karfi mu tafi wani zaman kansa yacht tafiya a kusa da Turai. A jirgin da aka kira "Arewa Star", ta aikin da kuma zane da hannu kaina Cornelius Vanderbilt. Hotuna yardar jirgin ruwan da aka sa'an nan buga a cikin latsa. A dandano na miliyoniya ya takamaiman, da kuma duk abin da game da sirri dũkiyarku, ya fito pompous, kururuwa game da alatu. Bugu da masu sauraro kaunace Kwamandan, tare da puffy tunatarwata wasu inda ya zo "cikin duniya" da kuma yadda da yawa azuzuwan ya sami ilimi. Jaridu na lokaci akai-akai hira da shi, a cikin daya daga cikinsu ya ce: "Duk rayuwata na kasance crazy game da kudi, da sabuwar dabara na sabon hanyoyin da za a sanya su bar ni ba lokacin da ilimi."

Babu kasa pompous kuma yana gidansa a kan Staten Island, gina tare da duk gũracen tycoon. Shi ne mai dama maras tabbas mix na daban-daban styles, da uku benaye, da yanayi mai arziki ne ƙwarai a cikin darajar da m on rajista. A mafi m art abu ya mutum-mutumi na gidan tare da taken "Cornelius Vanderbilt". Photos of gidan da aka sau da yawa da aka buga a kafofin watsa labarai a lokacin.

reluwe sarki

A 1853, da Vanderbilt iyali suka tafi a kan tafiya, shi ne na farko da cikakken hutu Cornelius. Gudanar da harkokin kamfanin ta m Fe Co ya bar biyu ushlyh ma'aikata wanda ta zamba kãma wani juya kan gungumen azaba. Fushi Kwamandan sa a wani sakon waya: "Ya Ubangiji! Za ka shiga ta rũɗar da ni. Zan ba tambaya a gare ku, a kotu, a matsayin cin kwallo tsarin ne sosai m. Zan hallaka ku. Naku, Cornelius Vanderbilt. " Kamar yadda ya ce kuma yi - riba daga yaki domin dukiya baya duffai uku. The fitina tsawon shekaru da dama, shi ya lashe Cornelius Vanderbilt. Jawabin magnate jawabi Themis kuma tsohon ma'aikata ne yadu nakalto a cikin latsa.

Da zarar, yayin kewayawa yankuna da dogo, Kwamandan gane cewa ƙasar sufuri mafi aminci kuma mai rahusa, da kuma al'amurra na wannan kasuwanci wa'adi da babbar riba. Vanderbilt sake sayar da dukan kasuwanci da kuma sayayya mafi marasa amfani baki ɗaya a lokacin da reluwe - Harlem.

Siyan short reshe Lines da hannun jari na wasu kamfanoni, ya yi aiki a kan mergers da Acquisitions. Zuba jari a ci gaba, ya gudanar ya yi daga kananan rassan mafi tsawo dogo hanya. Kamar wancan ne aka kafa Jamhuriyar New York Railroad. A ci gaba a cikin saba hanya - ta rage farashin sufuri, Cornelius Vanderbilt fairly da sauri zama ma'abũcin biyu mafi tsawo da kuma m Railways - Harlem da kuma New York. A wannan lokacin, shi ne wani m gasar, wanda kawai in ji da rai barkono. A lokacin da shekaru biyar Railway almara Vanderbilt sarƙafewa Railway waƙoƙi rabin of America, da kudin tikiti a kan ta jiragen kasa kasance ko da yaushe m fiye da wasu.

magãda

A tycoon da 11 yara, hudu daga cikinsu - da boys. By nagarta na ilimi a cikin 'yan mata ba su kula da mahaifinsa - za su ba sa ya surname bayan aure, da kuma iyali kasuwanci bukatar a canja wa ɗansa cewa zai ci gaba. Daga cikin 'ya'yan daga cikin alamar rahama, ko a lokacin da mahaifinsa rayuwa gane kudi baiwa ya William Vanderbilt. Kuma ya samu kusan duk na Jihar Cornelius: 90 da dala miliyan. A total adadin al'adunmu shi ne mafi girma a jihar of America a lokacin - 102 dala miliyan. Sauran miliyan 12 da aka rarraba a tsakanin agaji da sauran yara.

Abin da daya yana zaton shi da Sahaban da zuriyarsa, aikinsa sane ko a sume yi aiki a matsayin kasa ta ci gaba, har ma idan babban burin da aka riba, amma irin wannan ne ya Cornelius Vanderbilt. Quotes daga hirar tafi a kan littattafai, da kuma da yawa daga cikinsu sun zama mantras ga 'yan kasuwa. Amma da hukunci factor a cikin ayyuka na tycoon ya yanayi da kuma irrepressible dabara a "yãye kudi daga jama'a."