"Carmen" - Opera labari

Mafi shahara wasar kwaikwayo ta waka da aka rubuta da Faransa mawaki Zhorzhem Bize, aka dauke su "Carmen". Its tarihi ya ba da sauki, kuma yana da babban samfurin da aka ba nan da nan sami wani martani daga jama'a da kuma masu sukar. Bayan duk, "Carmen" - Opera, inda daya daga cikin muhimman hakkokin a lokacin da mãkirci yi na ka'idojin da aka keta Opera House. A karo na farko a kan mataki da aka bred ba aristocrats da kowa mutane da zunubansu, sha'awa, mai haske ji.

A farko da aka gudanar a mataki na "Opera Comique" a Paris Maris 3, 1875. A tarzomar dauki aka tilasta fuskanci m cizon yatsa na mahaliccinsa. Zhorzh Bize, mawaki na opera "Carmen", dauke daya daga cikin mafi talented composers a lokacinsa. Ya halitta ya opera aiki a saman. A libretto aka rubuta ta hanyar L. Halevy kuma A. Meilhac a kan labari P. Merimee. A cikin masu sauraro kama a farko yi, ra'ayin da aka raba. A farko mai yi na da rawar da Gypsy Carmen ya singer Celestine Galli-Mathieu. Ta gudanar da daidai kai da ƙarfin hali da heroine. Daya shi ne farin ciki, da sauran kallo sa a duniya. A jaridu opera kira mummuna, scandalous da kuma maras ɗa'a.

Duk da haka, "Carmen" - Opera, wanda baiwa aka kiyasta yawa daga baya, kuma shi da gaske ƙaunar. Wannan ya bayyana by mu na gargajiya mawaki Pyotr Tchaikovsky, ya kira shi mai fitacciyar. Daya daga cikin mafi abin tunawa karin waƙa da ya cika wasar kwaikwayo ta waka, da aria ne heroine na "Love, kamar kadan tsuntsu, da fikafikai", da mawaki halitta shi, dangane da karin waƙa na habanera kuma m Gypsy siffarsu, a cikin labari P. Merimee. Bugu da kari ga wannan aria, ya zama gaske m, Suite №2 «Maris na Toreador."

Saboda da atypical ga cewa lokaci, wasan opera ta samo asali a cikin kasa fi so show. A "Carmen" ya bayyana rayuwar talakawa mutane, kuma a lokaci guda, da wasan kwaikwayo ne ba bã tãre da romanticism. Idan muka bayyana a takaice daga cikin wasan opera "Carmen", yana yiwuwa a gabatar da shi a 'yan kalmomi. A mãkirci ne sura ta uku da labari P. Merimee, kuma shi ke hulda da soyayya. da wasa faruwa a Spain, don haka da mawaki cika da classic Spanish opera sautuka: Flamenco, Paso Doble, habanera.

A babban harafin da kuma litattafan, kuma operas - da Gypsy Carmen. Opera buga shi a matsayin annashuwa, da sako-sako da, ba a gane da doka ta. Gypsy iya canza al'adar duk wanda yake kusa da ita. Yana janyo hankalin hankalin maza, da jin dadin su soyayya, amma ba a dauke su ji. A cikin labarin, wani kyakkyawan Gypsy aiki a taba factory. Saboda yakin da shi da dama zuwa ofishin 'yan sanda. Ta matsara ya Saje Jose. Ta ya iya sa shi son da ni da kuma shawo ta zuwa bari tafi. Domin da Gypsy Jose rasa kome: da matsayi da kuma daraja a cikin al'umma. Ya zama soja. Carmen hada kai tare da smugglers, flirted da bullfighter Escamillo. Jose dame ta. Ya yi kokari ya koma zuwa ga ƙaunataccen, amma ta abruptly gaya masa shi ne a kan. Sa'an nan Jose kashe 'ƙaunataccen Carmen, don haka ba ta samu kowa.

Bizet sosai tada da gazawar da farko yi na "Carmen". Opera, daga baya a gane a matsayin fitacciyar, sata mawaki yawa kokarin. Jim kadan bayan da farko, bayan watanni 3, da mawaki ya mutu yana da shekaru 37 da shekaru. A kan gab da mutuwa Bizet ce: "Jose ya kashe Carmen, amma Carmen kashe ni!".

Duk da haka, labarin wani free rayuwa, unbridled sha'awa da kuma kwatsam mutuwa ta kishi domin shekaru masu yawa janyo hankalin masu sauraro zuwa sinimomi. Don wannan rana, "Carmen" da nasara a kan shahararrun opera gidaje a duniya.