Black Sea size: zurfi, fadi da tsawon

A cikin archives akwai takardun tabbatar da cewa na farko bayanai game da Black Sea kasance a cikin V karni. BC. Shi ne ya intrepid Argonauts, jagorancin Jason tafi Colchis a search na Golden ulun kuwa, shawo kan da yawa cikas. Da zarar shi bai canja ba tun da sunan! Black Sea a kan wannan nuna alama mukamansu farko a duniya. Tun da farko ya ambaci a cikin takardun da sunan ya canza game da 20 sau.

Inda ya yi zamani da sunan?

Akwai daban-daban versions game da asalin. A zamanin d Helenawa mai suna shi Sea - Pont Axinus, wanda fassara a matsayin "inhospitable". Wannan sunan zo saboda matsalolin da kewayawa da tsoho mariners, duk da kananan, a kwatanta da wasu, da girman da tekun Black Sea. Da zarar ƙware da Coast na mulkin mallaka, shi ya canza a Pont Euxine, wanda fassara a matsayin "m." A 10-16 ƙarni rusichi kira shi "Rasha Sea", ko "Scythian". Yau sunan tafki - Black.

Me ya sa wannan sunan? A farko tushen da sunan yana nufin XIII karni, ko da yake yana yiwuwa ya bayyana da yawa a baya. Daya jarrabawa da shawara cewa, da sunan ya tashi saboda wannan yunkuri na 'yan asalin mutane da su nasara. "Kara Deniz" - "black kuma inhospitable." A cewar wani version, da ake kira da shi ta hanyar yawon ci-rani daga kudancin kasashen, wanda ake lura a lokacin da hadari duhu sama garwaya da seawater. Tafki zahiri m hadari ya dubi baki.

Wani ka'idar ne da zamani sunan ya samo asali saboda takamaiman Properties na tafki "bakanta" a kan anka da sauran abubuwa zurfin. Wannan ne yake aikata saboda rinjayar hydrogen sulfide. A cewar wasu theories, da sunan da ya zama cikin tẽku mai baƙar lãkã, wanda aka lokaci-lokaci jefa a bakin a lokacin hadiri.

The girma na Black Sea: nisa, tsawon

Ponta ƙuduri kokarin yin lissafi Herodotus aunawa ta, saukarwa, wanda calculates da tafiya hawa a lokacin da rana orgies (nesa). Its tsawon, bisa ga Herodotus, ya 11.100 matakai, da kuma fadin shi ne mafi fili wuri - 3300 matakai. Modern malamai suna da damar zuwa a cikin kilometer yin lissafi da girman da tekun Black Sea. Babbansu ta tsawon daga gabas zuwa yamma - a nesa na kan 1150 km, daga tekun da Bulgarian tekun na Georgia.

Daga cikin Ukrainian kauyen Koblevo zuwa tekun na Turkey ne size of Black Sea (km) -616, daga arewa zuwa kudu. The karami tsawon ne game da 265 km. Tare da wani yanki na geographers, masana kimiyya har yanzu ba zai iya yanke shawara, duk da aka sani da girman da tekun Black Sea. A cewar wasu lissafin, ya mamaye 422000 murabba'in kilomita, da kuma a kan sauran - 436 400 km². A total tsawon na bakin gabar teku ne game 4100 km. The dauke adadin ruwa - game da 555 000 cubic kilomita.

Mene ne size of Black Sea a zurfin? Wadannan Manuniya ne kamar haka: matsakaicin zurfin ne tsakanin 2212-2245 m, talakawan - 1250 m arewa maso yammacin ɓangare na tafki da aka saki don haka cewa akwai wani dogon m ruwa zone, kai har zuwa 200 km a kamu da zurfin - ba fiye da 160 mita ..

Asalin seabed

A wannan sarari, game 30-40 shekaru miliyan da suka wuce, an located a sararin teku na Tethys. Sashen Macro-matakai a duk sau kafa topography daga duwãtsu, a matsayin Carpathians, da Alps da Caucasus, wanda rafke a sararin teku na Tethys cikin karami jikin ruwa. Daya daga cikinsu shi da Sarmatian Sea. Sai ya zama a shafin na yau Aral, Azov, Black kuma Caspian Tekuna.

Sashen ƙayyadaddu

A size of Black Sea na kama da rami, wanda aka rabu da Atlantic Ocean. Ya macrorelief iri-irin da kuma kunshi uku mai haske yankunan: nahiyar gangara, shiryayye, kuma zurfin tasa. Shiryayye zone ne alama ta kananan zurfin, nahiyar gangara ne sosai m, shi ne halin da gaban submarine canyons da kwaruruka. Basin kai cikin mafi girma da zurfin, a tsakiyar tekun Black Sea. Har ila yau, babban yanki na kasa topography ne cikin sharuddan mai tsayi geosynclinal zone. Tafki saturate Eurasian kõguna Dnieper, Dniester, Southern Bug, Danube, Psou, Bzyb, Cawdor, Yesil-Irmak, Inguri, Rioni, da sauransu.

Wannan shi ne mafi muhimmanci hydrosulfide pool na duniya tamu. Banbamta halayyar ne ta cikakkar bayani dalla-dalla, fãce a cikin kwarai anaerobic jinsunan kwayoyin, unsuitability ga rayuwa a zurfin kasa 150-200 m. Wadannan yadudduka ake tunawa hydrogen sulfide, jari na wanda aka kai tsaye hade da yawan jama'a na sulfate-rage kwayoyin. A talakawan gwargwado daga cikin manya ruwa yadudduka a cikin tsakiyar ɓangare na tafki - talakawan (16-18 ‰). A zurfin kasa 150-200 m ya ƙãra zuwa 21-22 ‰.

Mene ne girma daga cikin Black Sea?

Marine kandami ne geographically kasu kashi uku manyan yankunan. Jikunansu su ne:

kasa wuri

Kudancin bakin tekun na Black Sea daga Georgia da bakinka. Rezovska nufin da ƙasa na Turkey. West Coast da tafki nasa ne Bulgaria, sa'an nan - ga arewa zuwa kan iyaka da Ukraine - Romania. Ruwan tekun Black Sea an wanke ta Rasha, Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Turkey, Abkhazia da kuma Georgia. A kan bãyan tẽkun wuce da m iyakar da ke tsakanin kasashen Asiya da Turai.

Tun Black Sea girma (nisa, tsawon, zurfin) ne in mun gwada kananan, da qananan obrazovyvajutsja tides idan aka kwatanta da sauran bude tafkunan. Wannan ya faru saboda low ruwa musayar tare da Atlantic Ocean. A teku ne mai babbar tectonic rami, wanda yake shi ne iyakar a-zurfin -. About 2245 m Don yamma da kuma arewa maso yammacin ƙasar ne low, amma akwai wasu m ƙasa. A Crimea - da farko low-maƙaryaciya, fãce kudancin bakin tekun na dutsen. A gabas da kuma kudu bangarorin sosai a kusa da teku dace da Caucasian da Pontic Mountains.

A mahaɗar tsakãninsu kõguna kafa m bays - Lima Dniester, Khadzhibei, Kuyal'nitskogo, Tiligulskiy da Dnipro. The most sashin na Black Sea Crimean ayyukan, da alaka da babban yankin ta hanyar da Perekop Isthmus. Islands a cikin Black Sea 'yan. The most daga gare su - Berezan da serpentine, kowane tare da wani yanki kasa da 1 km². Kerch mashigar, tare da zurfafa jere daga 4 zuwa 18 mita, ta haɗu da Black Sea da na kwatarniya na Azov. Bosporus da Dardanelles da Marmara da kuma Aegean teku ta haɗu da shi tare da Rum.

ban sha'awa facts

Masana sun sha tattauna da ka'idar cewa Black Sea ya faru game da 6000-8000 shekaru da suka wuce, a lokacin da ya tashi teku matakan saboda dab glaciers. Kamar yadda matakin da ruwa a cikin Bahar Rum ya rinjaya a cikin halitta Dam, wanda rawar da ya a yau Bosphorus. Bayan da keta wata katuwar rafi na ruwa ne daidai da ikon 200 Niagara Falls, ya cika halin yanzu marine rami. Wannan halitta kashi kamar tartsatsi version of Rigyawar, wanda aka nuna a cikin Tsohon Alkawali. Yana da muhimmanci cewa, a lokacin da wannan babbar bala'i daidai da kimiyya da kuma addini kafofin.