Biography cosmonaut Grechko Grigoriya Mihaylovicha, sarari jirgin, lambobin yabo da lakabi

A jarumi Explorer kuma abin dogara aboki - cewa wannan bayyana a gaban idanunmu, matukin jirgi-cosmonaut, sau biyu sãka musu da take Hero na Tarayyar Soviet Georgy Grechko. Biography burge kowa, domin shi ne da gaske dama mutum.

Grechko cafe Mihaylovich

A cikin begen samun burbushi na dan hanya adam ya bincika tsawo da fadin na Tunguska taiga Sands na Sinai Larabawa da pyramids na Misira. Suna da uku tashi zuwa da tashar sararin samaniya, a daya daga wanda ya kafa tarihi lokacin da mutum gaban a matsanancin sarari. duniya da aka mai suna a cikin girmamawa.

'Yan mutane san cewa ko da da dogon-jiran farko jirgin zai iya zama na karshe jannati - ransa sun rataye a cikin balance. A likitoci shrugged kafaɗunsu su ba su da tabbas cewa haƙuri zai rayu. Ya chances sun sifili. Amma da cosmonaut ya fi karfi fiye da yanayi - George tashi wajen sauri don ƙafafunsa da kuma ci gaba kamar yadda idan babu abin da ya faru a shirya a gaba jirgin. Ya iya ba da sauri bar tseren, saboda ya nufi zuwa rasa. Amma rabo ya akai-akai gwada wa karko jannati. Ya akai-akai nutsar da su, aka kusan kashe maƙiyi harsasai, ya karya up a kan babur da kuma ta kama da wuta yayin da a kan tashar sararin samaniya. Amma, duk da wannan duka, Georgy Grechko taba rasa fata da kuma imani da wani alhẽri. Ya kullum yi ĩmãni, kuma ya yi ĩimãni da star da kuma mai kula da mala'ika, wanda, a cikin kalmomi na cosmonaut, fiye da sau daya ya cece shi.

jannati yara

Yawa daga cikin mu a cikin shimfiɗar jariri mafarki mafarki zama 'yan saman jannati. Mutane da yawa, amma ba Georgy Grechko. Soviet cosmonaut wanda kawai bai gabatar da kanta a cikin sunan da ya fara tasawa - da kuma wani maharbi, da kuma wani jirgin ruwa mai ɗaukar man fetur, da kuma wani matukin jirgi! Son zuwa sarari kawai a cikin matasa suka zo wurinsa a lokacin da ya karanta a littafi game da interplanetary tafiya, rubuta da almarar kimiyya marubuci. Bayan ta, sai ya yanke shawarar wa kansu - zai zama wani jannati!

Georgy Grechko aka haife kan May 25, 1931 a Birnin Leningrad. Kafin farkon wata na jini yakin duniya na II, daidai da kwanaki goma, da yaron da aka aiko wa mahaifansa biyu a ƙasarsa ta kaka, wanda ya rayu a Ukraine. Saboda haka Georgy koma gida kawai a 1943.

A cewar akwai kafofin, Grechko kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1949 daga Birnin Leningrad, makarantar sakandare, bayan da aka kwantar da shi da Leningrad Mechanical Cibiyar. The matasa m ya kasance daya daga waɗanda aka ɗõra wa ɗaukar ci gaban wani sabon makami mai linzami, wanda aka daga baya ya sa a cikin sarari guda na farko wucin gadi Duniya da tauraron dan adam.

Kuma wannan ne kawai farkon

Tun shekarar 1966, Georgy Grechko ne a kungiyar 'yan saman jannati, inda aka kwantar da shi da farko likita jarrabawa Korolyov. Domin cikin hanyar mamaye na airless sarari , ya kasance a shirye ya yi hadaya da yawa: a cikin gida, da ilimi, free lokaci, da kuma in da bukata zama, da kuma rayuwa.

Na bincike hankali kaifi da kuma a cikin zurfin msar tambayar ilmi taka rawar gani: Grechko lobbied memba na iyakacin duniya bincike jam'iyyar, located a kan Kola Larabawa. A lokaci guda, ya fara yi da aikinsu na injiniya a cikin roka da Space Corporation mai suna bayan S. P. Koroleva. Kuma a 1961 aka nada a matsayin shugaban kungiyar na OKB - 1.

Grechko kasance daya daga cikin mutanen da suke da ƙarfin da zai yi na farko-taba kaddamar da wani tauraron dan adam wucin gadi. Bugu da kari, ya kuma halarci shiri domin kaya zuwa tashar sararin samaniya da kuma wasu da inji na Soviet samar.

na farko jirgin

Da farko jirgin ya jira shekaru goma sha huɗu. Jiran ya tuki shi mahaukaci. Da yawa gwaje-gwaje ya shirya rabo.

Wata rana sai ya manta to halarci taron zuwa Sergeyu Korolevu kuma ya tafi zuwa ga fina-finai. Wannan zargi ya sa tsanani aqibar jannati - Grechko aka sa'an nan ƙaryata a jirgin. Sa'an nan, ya so ya soke sabis tare da likitoci, amma ya ya iya shawo kansu da cikakken motsa jiki da jini. Bayan wani lokaci, Grechko karya ya kafa. Amma ya tafi, kuma ta hanyar da shi, jingine wasu matsaloli.

Cosmonaut ci gaba da mari, don horar da, da samun amincewa daga magabatansu. Located kawai a mataki daga farko, ya nemi ya bar cikin iyali, da sanin yadda za gabãta irin wannan aiki na jam'iyyar abokan aiki. Tare da matarsa da ya hadu yayin da har yanzu dalibi. Georgy Grechko yanke shawarar ba dakatad da kuma riga a kan na farko kwanan wata da yarinya sanya wani tayin. M saurayi kamar Nina. Kuma bayan wani lokaci, sun yi wa dai da dangantaka. A aure, suna da wani ɗa, wanda biyu kira Alex, da kuma Michael aka haife ko da shekaru hudu daga baya, da ƙaramin yaro na George da kuma Nina Grechko.

Kamar mako biyu kafin a fara Georgy ba zato ba tsammani ya ce wa matarsa cewa ya nemi ya bar ta saboda wata mace. A bosses ba cire daga ofishin da jannati. Grechko riga an nuna sosai jirgin injiniya, kamfata girmamawa na bosses da kuma abokan aiki. Ya akai-akai tabbatar da cewa za ka iya dogara gare shi.

Flight ya faru ne tsakanin watan Janairu 11, kuma a kan Fabrairu 9, 1975 a sararin mai suna "Soyuz-17".

Manufar wannan balaguro yi rãnã binciken. Amma da kawo nesa kusa, a karkashin abin da a wani lokaci tashar Salyut-4 da aka gina, ya gaza, kuma 'yan saman jannati na Duniya zo da oda: ba a taba m na'urar. Amma Georgy Mikhailovich riga ya so ya kawo shi ya fara kawo karshen. Don taimake shi zo a al'ada stethoscope, wanda aka yi amfani da ko'ina a cikin magani. Hašawa da shi zuwa nesa kusa, ya ya iya sanin ko rashin lafiya. Abokan aiki nan da nan ya lura dabara Grechko.

Ga 'yan saman jannati tashi shi ne mafi alhẽri daga abada. Su kuma ban sani ba abin da a duniya za su hadu da karfi squally iska da kuma dusar ƙanƙara, wanda zai kawo matsala. A jirgin da dama a kasa a breakneck gudu. Kuma yanzu yana da lokaci zuwa bude laima ... Amma bai bayyana. A 'yan saman jannati aka yi tsammani sananne mutuwa. Amma bugawa da ƙasa bai faru ba. A kwantena da aka rocking a kaikaice da iska. Game da dubu mita su jan kuma bulala da ƙasa.

Da masu bincike sa'an nan tsanani ya shafa. Grechko m ƙafar damansa, da kuma Gubarev samu wani tsanani kashin baya rauni. Soviet cosmonaut a lokacin da yake tafiya ba raba tare da wani kamarar bidiyo. Mun dai yi sa'a to suna da damar duba wannan musamman balaguro ta hanyar hotunan da ya yi da Grechko airless sarari.

Na biyu jirgin

Ya wuce a Rasha cosmonaut daga Disamba 1977 zuwa Maris 1978, a wani sararin mai suna "Soyuz-26".

Wannan jirgin ma ya tabbatar da wuya ga wani jannati. Grechko koya daga cikin tsanani da rashin lafiya na mahaifinsa a mako kafin fara, lokacin da za'ayi shirye-shirye domin biyu balaguro. Ya aka dauka zuwa asibiti a tsanani yanayin. Saka manta da Shi ɗan nan na jirgin damar, da kuma Michael F. daidai gane wannan. A cikin wata daya, Grechko ba samu babu albarkacin labarai game da matsayi na mahaifinsa. Amma Janairu 10, 1978 da jirgin ya zo da labarai da mutuwar Georgy Mikhailovich. Abinda ya iya taba yafe wa kaina - cewa ba su da lokacin da za a ce ban kwana ga ubansa for karshe lokaci.

Rayuwa ya sha nanata ji da ƙarfi, aika more kuma mafi gwaje-gwaje. Amma a cikin wani halin da ake ciki, da abin da kuma zai iya zama, Georgy Grechko kokarin murmushi da kuma ba rasa babbar sha'awa.

The uku jirgin

Last jirgin ransa rufe lokacin daga 17 zuwa 26 Satumba 1985. The ƙungiya sanya wani balaguro a kan wani sararin da ake kira "Soyuz-14".

Wannan jirgin ya ga wani naúrar ba tare da wani faru. A cikin tarihi na astronautics Grechko Georgy ya zama da aka sani da haihuwa bincike, da suka ziyarci madawwama biyu. Wannan lakabi da ya gudanar ya rika da kuma na gaba guda goma sha uku shekaru, har sai da wuri ba a dauka Strekalov.

iyali

Matarsa ta farko, xan sama jannatin hadu a lokacin da yake dalibi shekaru. A aure, ma'auratan da biyu kyau da 'ya'ya maza - Alex da kuma Michael. Tare da matarsa ta biyu, Lyudmila m mace ya hadu a Tashkent a cikin kaka na shekarar 1985, a lokacin wani taro sarari. Lyudmila da biyu da kananan yara daga farko aure, wanda ya dauki George matsayin nasa mahaifin.

sauran ayyukan

Ba shi yiwuwa a yi watsi, da kuma sauran ayyuka da jannati. Grechko sosai dogon lokaci jagoranci talabijin shirin "Fantastic World". Har ila yau, ya aka bayar da digiri na Doctor of Science. Ya aka bayar da dama lambar yabo da lambobin yabo ga valorous aiki da kuma kwazo da sabis da kyau na da mahaifarsa, ne ya lashe kyautar ta Ifraimu. 'Yan mutane san cewa Georgy, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, shi ne kuma matafiyi, bayan da wani babba yawan shirya expeditions to kadan da aka sani, ruwan tekun Atlantika mutumin wurare na duniya tamu. Saboda haka kafin mu mai ban mamaki mutum, a m injiniya da cosmonaut - Georgy Grechko.

ƙarshe

Don kwanan wata, gida da sanannen cosmonaut a Moscow. Grechko tare da matarsa da kuma 'ya'yansa biyu adult zaune a cikin gari da kuma aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban OTP Bank.

Na dogon lokaci mamaki yadda za a suna cikin duniyar tamu, wadda har a lokacin da ya fara jirgin ya samu. A karshen su ya kira shi a cikin girmamawa ga discoverer. Grechko, ta haka, ya bar ta mark ba kawai a duniya, amma kuma a cikin sararin sarari.