Ban ruwa - da ake nufi? Ban ruwa Amfanin kasa

Ban ruwa filayen - shi ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci haihuwa yanayi. Samar da ruwa da shuke-shuke rinjayar da wucewa da su himprotsessy, iska da kuma zazzabi yanayi, aiki na gona ilimin matakin.

A taron, wanda ya yanke shawarar tambayoyi na isar da ko da rarraba da ruwa a ƙasar noma da fallasa su halitta fari yanayi, da ake kira m ban ruwa. Wannan definition yale mu mu gane ma'ana da manufa na bayyana tsari a aikin gona da kimiyya.

gonakinsa da ban ruwa da hanyoyin

Domin haihuwa ruwa da aikin gona da ƙasashe amfani da hanyoyin:

• yayyafa.
• surface ban ruwa.
• drip ban ruwa.
• subsurface ban ruwa.

yayyafa

Sprinkler ban ruwa - ban ruwa Hanyar ne gaban shuke-shuke da cewa suna da wani m tushen tsarin, samar da wani sarrafa kansa hanya zuwa ga rarraba ruwa. Ya aikata hanyar wucin gadi ruwan sama sa kundin na ruwa. A wannan hanya kullum amfani da takin, waxanda suke da narkewa a cikin ruwa da kuma dezinsektanty (abubuwa dace da kwaro iko). Sprinkler ban ruwa ne classified, bi da bi, su:

• pulsed ban ruwa - watering shi kasa a kananan kundin,
• m ban ruwa.
• samar da zafi yanayi pripochvennogo yanayi Layer.

Wannan hanya da aka yafi amfani a yankunan da m gumi, idan akwai wahala a cikin ƙasa, kazalika da daraja daga cikin ruwan karkashin kasa.

drip ban ruwa

Wadannan Hanyar - drip ban ruwa. Wannan watering, wanda damar ruwa ya ratsa zurfi isa cikin ƙasa zuwa shigar da taki ga tushen tsarin shuke-shuke. Yana bayar da sets da mita na watering. A tabbatacce gefen bayyana aiwatar da hidima abinci rhizosphere. Gudãna daga rate, ikon da taki ne wajen biyu zuwa sau biyar fiye da karami kullum amfani a lokacin da noman tsari. A wannan yanayin, samar da ruwa da wata al'adar dauki m da kuma tsabtace muhalli hanya. Ana amfani da a gaban hadaddun ƙasa, wanda aka ƙaddara da rashin akvabalans, inda akwai wani musamman high ruwa permeability. Wannan hanya ne rare a samar da tsari da gonar inabinsa ban ruwa, Berry, kayan lambu gidãjen Aljanna da 'ya'yan itatuwa.

subsurface ban ruwa

Subsurface ban ruwa - wata hanya zuwa ga ambaliya tushen tsarin shuke-shuke. Shuka samar da ruwa ne da za'ayi ta musamman subsoil humidifiers, shi halitta sharadi gwargwado domin ci gaba da arziki daga tushen da ruwa, ko da zama dole shuka na gina jiki. A amfani da wannan dabara ne:

• shi ne gaba daya mechanized.
• ne da halittar kuma m kula da looseness na kasar gona.
• wani tasiri samar da ruwa.
• samar da tushen tsarin dukkan ake bukata ga al'ada girma na gina jiki.

Yi amfani da watering a yankin inda gona yana da mafi girma capillary watsin, babu wani kusa nesa ma'adinai ruwan karkashin kasa. Saboda haka, subsurface ban ruwa filayen - wannan shi ne mai ban mamaki kanti ga ƙasar noma, amma na bukatar wasu zuba jari.

surface ban ruwa

Surface ban ruwa ƙasar - a aiwatar a cikin abin da ruwa da aka mayar da hankali sama da ƙasa. Wannan hanya na ban ruwa ta kasu wadannan subtypes:

• tare da manyan girma na ruwa (ambaliya).
• ta hanyar GROOVES.
• yin amfani da wani musamman bututun ƙarfe Babler.
• yin amfani da wani karamin girma na ruwa (ko microcavity). Wannan watering - mafi tattali da data kasance mãsu girmansu.

A lokacin da shirin wani ban ruwa tsarin, ya zama dole don samar da cewa wanda ba safai ba ne, kuma qananan ban ruwa da ruwa kundin ne m, ba samar da isasshen danshi ƙasar. Rashin ruwa a cikin ƙasa halitta wani rashin daidaituwa a cikin kwayoyin tashin hankali na ruwa, abu don rashin danshi balance, kuma wannan, bi da bi, za ta kai ga halakar da Flora. Mafi humidification za a iya cimma a cikin hali na m tsarin kula da tsarawa, da ban ruwa tsarin. Don cimma daidai ruwa ya kwarara gwamnatin dole ne ya yi la'akari da ƙasa tsarin, ta ruwa-permeable index, da sinadaran abun da ke ciki, zafi index da kuma aeration.

Ban ruwa na noma: Mode

Don ƙirƙirar m ƙasa danshi a lokacin da girma kakar, watau, bayan da rashin himma yanayin ne m wani musamman watering, cewa shi ne mai hade da dalilai: da yawa, lokaci da kuma kundin na ruwa. Ya dole ne haifar a cikin ƙasa zama dole domin dacewa hydro al'ada a takamaiman yanayin damina da kuma tattalin arziki dalilai. Wannan tsari na bukatar tsananin yarda da bukatun na agro-fasaha matakan.

Ban ruwa tsarin mulki na wani al'ada musamman agro-yanayin damina dole a bi da wadannan bukatun:

1. Ruwa bukatar a wasu shuke-shuke a lokacin da suka ci gaba, da kuma a mutunta ya'yan itace amfanin gona da kuma har yanzu samun high da ake samu a wasu agrotechnics supplemented da takin a wasu lokuta.
2. Aiwatar da daidai tsari na ruwa, na gina jiki, gishiri da kuma ƙasa zazzabi gwamnatocin.
3. Inganta ƙasa haihuwa, yashewa na inadmissibility, wuce kima ambaliya, watau waterlogging da ƙasa, gwargwado.
4. A daidai kungiyar kwadago, wanda halitta kara yawan aiki ta hanyar ci gaba da kai dabaru.
5. Lissafin kudi don canje-canje a cikin sauyin yanayi, tattalin arziki da kuma agronomic yanayi don kauce wa gagarumin hawa da sauka a data da kuma raba yanayi a cikinta.

Saboda haka, domin sanin yanayin na ban ruwa na wani ba al'ada wajibi ne a san total girma na ban ruwa da ruwa, wanda yana da muhimmanci ga shuke-shuke a lokacin da girma a kakar da nufin (ko amfani) agronomic dabaru da kuma muhalli da yanayi. Wannan girma na ruwa za a iya ƙaddara bisa ga bincike na sauyin yanayi, kasar gona da wasu sauran yanayi.

A tasiri na ban ruwa a kan subsurface matakai

Rikidar rainfed to noman filin aiki Halicci babban tasiri a kan ƙasa a matsayin ƙasa jiki jihar rikirkida, ta gishiri abun da ke ciki, aeration da kuma yawan zafin jiki halaye, da kuma sinadaran kwayan intrasoil matakai tara, kuma lalata kudi na kasar gona kwayoyin halitta.

ƙasa drench - wani inji cewa yana da wani m sakamako a kan jiki da tsarin da ƙasa, abu don a rage a cikin juriya a lokacin da plowing, shi na samar da jiki ripening. A lokacin da aiki da irin wannan ƙasa niƙẽwa aiwatar lends kanta zuwa sauri da kuma loosening.

Ban ruwa da ruwa ya zo da wani adadin lãka barbashi a turbid jihar wadda aka ajiye a farfajiya na filayen kamar yadda m laka. Bayan wani isasshe tsawon lokaci da wannan Layer kai ban ruwa m matakin. Saboda haka, wani sabon gona.

Ban ruwa na samar da mafi kyaun yanayi domin intrasoil kwayoyin. A cikin mahallin da ake dasu matakai (nitrification) kunna zama dole ƙasa danshi tsarin mulki. Glaze da babban tasiri a kan nodule kwayoyin cuta, wadda ana kafa a m yankunan kan surface na legume asalinsu.