{Asar Yugoslavia, m up a cikin abin da jiha? Yadda kasashe da yawa rududdugaggu {asar Yugoslavia,

{Asar Yugoslavia, ya dade da wani gagarumin kuma muhimmanci kasa a duniya mataki: da ci gaban tattalin arziki da kuma masana'antu, musamman wajen samar da makamai, motoci da kuma sinadaran da samfurori. wata babbar runduna, da adadin wanda ya wuce 600 dubu sojoji ... Amma da ciki jayayya da rikice-rikice da annoba a kasar a cikin 90s na karshe karni kai da ganiya kuma haifar da gaskiyar cewa {asar Yugoslavia, m up. Wanne jihar da aka raba, sani a yau, duk daliban da suka yi nazarin tarihi. Wannan shi ne Croatia, Serbia, Montenegro, Slovenia, Macedonia, Bosnia da Herzegovina da Kosovo - jera gane ikon.

A cikin tushen

Da zarar kan da Balkan Larabawa , {asar Yugoslavia, shi ne mafi girma a jihar. Mutanen da suke rayuwa a cikin waɗannan ƙasashe, yana da sosai daban-daban kwastan da kuma hadisai, al'ada, har ma da addini. Amma, duk da wannan, duk suka rayu a daya kasar: Katolika da kuma Orthodox Kirista, wadanda suka yi rubuce a Latin rubutun, da kuma waɗanda suka yi - a cikin QFontDatabase.

{Asar Yugoslavia, ta kasance a tafarkin saboda mutane da yawa masu nasara. Alal misali, Hungary a XII karni, ya kama Croatia. Serbia, Bosnia da Herzegovina mayar da su cikin Ottoman Empire, da yawa mazaunan waɗannan ƙasashe aka tilasta karbar musulunci. Kawai Montenegro ya dade a free kuma m. A tsawon lokaci, da Turkish ikon ya rasa ta da tasiri da iko, saboda haka, Austria dauki kan Yugoslav ƙasa da cewa da mallakar Ottoman. Kawai a cikin XIX karni Serbia ya iya da za a sake haihuwarsu a matsayin zaman kanta a jihar.

Wannan kasa Yã sanya sõyayya a duk dabam Balkan asashe. A mulkin Croats, Slovenes da sauran Yugoslav al'umma ya zama Sarkin Serbia. Daya daga cikin wadanada, Alexander I, wanda ya shirya juyin mulki, kuma ya ba Power wani sabon sunan a 1929 - {asar Yugoslavia, wanda fassara a matsayin "ƙasar ta Kudu Slavs".

Tarayyar

Tarihi na {asar Yugoslavia, a cikin XX karni dauki siffar kan bango na duniya yaƙe-yaƙe. A lokacin yakin duniya na II a can da aka halitta mai iko anti-farkisanci motsi. Gurguzun shirya yaƙin karkashin kasa. Amma bayan da nasara a kan Hitler, {asar Yugoslavia, bai zama wani ɓangare na Tarayyar Soviet, a matsayin sa ran. Ta zauna free, amma gurguzu kasar, inda a can ne kawai jam'iyyar - kwaminis.

A farkon shekarar 1946, sa'an nan soma wani kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, wanda alama halittar wani sabon Tarayya Jamhuriyar Jama'ar {asar Yugoslavia. Yana da aka hada da shida m raka'a. Serbia, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Bosnia da Herzegovina, kazalika da biyu m yankin - Kosovo da kuma Vojvodina - kafa wani sabon mulki. Wanne kasa na {asar Yugoslavia, m up a nan gaba? Yana da yake a wadannan kananan da kuma asali jumhuriya, tsakanin wanda shugaba ya kasance kullum Serbia. Wandanda suke da most kabila: kusan 40% na dukan na {asar Yugoslavia. Azancin, da sauran mambobin hukumar ne kadan kamar, kuma ikon a cikin rikici ya fara, da kuma jayayya.

Farko na karshen

Tashin hankali tsakanin kabilun daban-daban - da babban dalilin da cewa {asar Yugoslavia, rududdugaggu. Wanne jihohi sun directed da takaici da kuma ta'adi shugabannin tawaye? Da farko, a cikin arewa maso yammacin Croatia da kuma Slovenia, wanda ta wadãta, kamar yadda idan teasing ta high quality na rayuwa poorer al'ummai. Fushi da danniya daga cikin talakawa ya yi girma. {Asar Yugoslavia, daina aukan kansu a matsayin daya mutane, duk da cewa ya rayu kusa kamar yadda shekaru 60.

A 1980, ya mutu kwaminis shugaban, Marshal Tito. Bayan haka, shugaban Presidium zabe a kowace shekara a cikin watan Mayu, daga cikin 'yan takara ƙaddamar da kowane jamhuriyar. Duk da wannan daidaitaka, mutane har yanzu ya kasance unsatisfied kuma m. Tun da 1988, da cika fuska kara rayuwar dukkan 'yan ƙasa na {asar Yugoslavia, ta fara wani dakushe samar, maimakon ta wadãta kumbura, kuma rashin aikin yi. Manyan jami'an kasar, karkashin jagorancin Mikulic murabus, so da cikakken mulkin Slovenia, kasa jin zuciya tsage Kosovo baya. Wadannan abubuwan su ne farkon karshen, da kuma haifar da gaskiyar cewa {asar Yugoslavia, m up. Wanne jihar da aka raba, ya nuna yanzu taswirar duniya, wanda a fili alama irin wannan 'yantattun kasashe kamar Slovenia, Macedonia, Croatia, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia da Herzegovina.

Slobodan Milosevic

Wannan aiki shugaba ya zo da iko a 1988, a ganiya jayayya. Da manufofin da ya fara directed to koma karkashin reshe na tarayya Jamhuriyar Kosovo da kuma Vojvodina. Kuma yayin da kabilanci Serbs a waɗannan ƙasashe kasance kaɗan, mutane da yawa a kasar tallafi. Milosevic ayyuka kawai ya dada tabarbare shi halin da ake ciki. Ya so ya haifar da wani iko Serbian ikon ko kawai ya yi amfani da ciki rikice-rikice dauki wani dumi gwamnati wurin zama, don haka babu wanda ya sani. Amma a ƙarshe m up {asar Yugoslavia. an rarraba su zuwa wani jihar, ko da a yau an sanar da yara. A tarihin na Balkan Larabawa a litattafan da majalisa ta zauna fiye da daya sakin layi.

A shekarar 1989, tattalin arziki da kuma siyasa a FPRY samu m ƙi. Ante Markovic, sabon firaministan kasar, sun yi kokarin gudanar da wani jerin sauye-sauye, amma ya yi latti. Kumbura kai 1,000%, kasar ta bashi ya tashi zuwa 21 dala biliyan zuwa wasu jihohin. Da wannan backdrop, Serbia ta amince da sabon kundin tsarin mulkin kasar wanda hana cin gashin na Vojvodina da Kosovo. Slovenia, halin da ake, kafa wani kawance da Croatia.

A gabatarwar da Multi-ƙungiya

Tarihi na {asar Yugoslavia, kamar yadda guda m jihar ƙare a farkon shekarun 1990s. A waɗannan shekaru, kasar ne har yanzu ƙoƙarin ajiye shi daga rushewar: gurguzu yanke shawarar raba ikon da sauran jam'iyyun da suka yi da yardar kaina da kuma da kansa zabe da mutane. Nufin da aka gudanar a shekarar 1990. Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Milosevic tsiwirwirinsu zaki ya share na kuri'un, amma game da cikakken nasara iya magana kawai a Montenegro da Serbia.

A lokaci guda a cikin wasu sassa na tafasar muhawara. Kosovo tsayayya m matakan dauka don hana Albanian kishin kasa. A Croatia, da Serbs yanke shawarar kirkiro da kansa mulkin kai. Amma babbar duka ya sanarwa na karamin Basulabe 'yancin kai, ga abin da ke yankin zabe a wata kuri'ar raba gardama. Sa'an nan FPRY fara dakushewa. Wanne kasa na {asar Yugoslavia, m up? Baya Slovenia, sashen ma da sauri Macedonia da Croatia, sa'an nan Bosnia da Herzegovina -. Ƙarshe ya zama raba jihohin da Montenegro da kuma Serbia, wanda har kwanan nan goyan bayan da mutuncin Balkan jihar.

The yaki a {asar Yugoslavia,

FRNYU gwamnati ya dade kokarin ci gaba da zarar iko da kuma arziki kasar. Sojojin aka aika zuwa Croatia domin kawar da m tashin cewa akwai tashi a kan bango na gwagwarmayar 'yancin kai. A tarihin Lalacewar {asar Yugoslavia, ta fara daidai da yankin, kuma ko da daga Slovenia - biyu jamhuriyoyin kasance na farko da 'yan tawayen. A lokacin da shekaru na soja mataki, dubban mutane ne aka kashe a nan, daruruwan dubbai suka rasa gidajensu, har abada.

Next cike da ya haifar da tashin hankali ya barke a Bosnia da Kosovo. A jinin mutane har kusan shekaru goma gudana a nan kusan a kowace rana. A ake kira Yugoslavian naúrar na dogon lokaci ba zai yanke wani mulki ikon ko wanzar da zaman lafiya zuwa jefa West nan. Daga bisani, kungiyar tsaro ta NATO da kuma Tarayyar Turai sun kaddamar da yaki tare da kanta Milosevic, fallasa ta kisan kiyashi na fararen hula da kuma kisan-kiyashi da fursunonin yaki a sansanin. A sakamakon haka, ya aka aiko zuwa kotun.

Yadda kasashe da yawa rududdugaggu Zimbabue? Bayan shekaru na adawa a duniya taswirar kafa maimakon daya ikon for shida. Wannan shi ne Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia da Herzegovina. Akwai kuma Kosovo ta samu 'yancin kai amma ba dukan kasashe sun gane. Daga cikin wadanda suka yi shi da farko, sun Tarayyar Turai da kuma Amurka.