An bayyani na jikin mutum: da tsarin sifa da aiki. Ta yaya mutum

A jikin mutum - a m, hadaddun inji, wanda yake iya ba kawai yin jiki ayyukan, amma kuma ya ji, to zaton. An bayyani na jikin mutum ya nuna cewa daga miliyan bakwai rai a duniya akwai cikakken kama a bayyanar jama'a, amma tsarin da jiki da 99% a duk guda. Nature ya shirya haka cewa a lokacin da wata hujja, da kyau-da hadewa aikin na duk gabobin da rai sunadaran tabbatar da tsawon rai na jikin mu.

An bayyani na jikin mutum

A jikin mutum - daya kwayoyin, inda mataki na duk gabobin da kuma tsarin da ake haɗa dangi. Ainihin naúrar ne cell. By lokacin da suka isa} uruciyarsa jikin mutum kunshi wani talakawan na uku biliyan Kwayoyin. Dukan su kafa jikinsu, garwaya a cikin tsarin, kowanne daga abin da taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rayuwa. Systems na jikin mutum:

• Zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin. Yana hada capillaries, jijiyoyi, veins, zuciya. Babban aiki na tsarin da aka yin famfo jini, haihuwa da shi zuwa ga dukkan gabobin. A gefen hagu na zuciya - "famfo" ga dukan jiki, da dama ɓangare na zuciya tsoka kai jini a cikin huhu domin wadãtar da shi tare da oxygen. A zuciya na da uku yadudduka (myocardium, epicardium, endocardium). Kowace daga cikinsu yana da wani daban-daban yawa da kuma ayyuka.
• Narkewa kamar tsarin kosad da bukatar abinci kuma canza gina jiki zuwa makamashi. Kunsha na narkewa kamar fili: baka rami, esophagus, ciki, kananan hanji, ciwon, dubura ƙare.
• Skin. M ayyuka na jikin mutum ne kullum da alaka da daban-daban kasada. A fata kare jiki daga yanayi, external irritants. fata tsarin kunshi fata (ciki har da sebaceous da sunadarin gumi), gashi, da kusoshi, kuma mikromyshts cewa rike da gashi.
• A lymphatic tsarin. Babban aiki na - hakar da sufuri na Lymph ta cikin jiki.
• Musculoskeletal tsarin. Ya kunshi da mutum kwarangwal, a cikin abin da kasusuwa ne masu hada kai da juna da gidajen abinci da goyon baya tsokoki a haɗe zuwa kwarangwal ta tendons. A binciken da na jikin mutum sau da yawa fara da wani jarrabawa daga cikin kwarangwal tsarin. A general, da kwarangwal kunshi 206 ƙasũsuwa.
• A juyayi tsarin. A juyayi tsarin daukawa jiki da alhakin bayanai a jiki da kuma muhalli. Kasu kashi na gefe da kuma tsakiyar.
• Haihuwa tsarin. Complex tsarin na jiki, shi ne gaba daya daban-daban daga mace namiji. Alhakin jima'i aiki da kuma a general ga mutum procreation.

Ta yaya wani mutum: da wuri daga cikin jikin. shugaban

Kowane mutum jiki ne na musamman, dake a wani wuri, kuma ya aikata aiki ta. Yin wani bayyani na jikin mutum, yana da muhimmanci a san inda wani jiki ne. Wannan zai taimaka kauce wa duk wani raunin da ya faru, da kuma sanin abin da gwani don magance tare da da wani cuta.

Brain, watakila, da kuma ya kasance mafi m, kuma ba'a gano ta ba sashi na jiki. All sassa na jiki na magana zuwa wannan cibiyar. Shin kwakwalwa a cikin kwanyar, ana kiyaye da karfi, ƙashi na daga cikin kwanyar. Daga cikin kwakwalwa a ko'ina cikin jiki watsa jijiyoyi, wanda ya karbi bugun jini sakonni zuwa daya ko wani mataki. Godiya ga teams na kwakwalwa mu gani, ji, ji, tafi, a zahiri rayuwa, muka kuma kasance.

thorax

Kowane mutum na bukatar ya san yadda da mutane, da wuraren da ake located manyan gabobin. La'akari da kirji. A gaban gefe na wuyansa, kasa da Adam ta apple, shi ne a kananan thyroid gland shine yake, shi za a iya kira a "baturi" na jikin mu. Shi ne ke da alhakin samar da babban hormones da cewa samar da dukan da-hadewa aikin na jikin mu gabobin. Tare da shekaru, da thyroid gland shine yake da iya ka gangara har ta kasance a cikin thoracic kogo.

Kirji rami daga ciki diaphragm rarrabe murdede jiki. Zuciya a kan hagu, aka located tsakanin dama da hagu huhu, bayan da breastbone. Light zauna babban ɓangare daga cikin kirji yankin. Mika daga zuciya zuwa gefuna, da Dome siffar, raya armashi, wajen kashin baya. haske tushe sauran a kan diaphragm tsoka. Kare da karankarman ƙirji.

kogon ciki

Babban tafki ga shan, adanar abinci ne ciki. An located kasa da diaphragm, gefen hagu na peritoneum. A baya, kawai a kasa da ciki ne da pancreas. Yana karya saukar fats, carbohydrates, sunadarai da kuma samar da glucagon da insulin - mafi muhimmanci hormones.

A dama, kasa da diaphragm, da hanta da aka located. Hadewa aikin na jikin mutum dogara a jiki. Hanta - mu main tace. A cikin kasa da wani ɓangare na hanta, a wani sako located gallbladder, wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a abinci aiki. A gefen hagu na hypochondria ne baƙin ciki, shi kare jikin mu daga daban-daban cututtuka, kazalika daga jini hasãra.

hanjinsu

Lower ciki peritoneum sarari ne shagaltar da kananan hanji, samar da wani dogon m tube. A farkon da manyan hanji (cecum) - a gefen dama. Sa'an nan ciwon peritoneum gudana a saman da dama saukar a gefen hagu. Cecum koma zuwa appendix. Ciwon wuce a cikin wani madaidaiciya line, ƙare dubura - kanti, ta hanyar abin da cire faecal taro.

genitourinary gabobin

La'akari da tsarin na jikin mutum, ka gane cewa kowanne daga cikinsu a kan kansu hanya da muhimmanci da kuma zama dole. Kodan suna guda biyu gabobin na urogenital tsarin. A bar koda aka located dan kadan mafi girma saboda ya karu hanta size sanya dama. A saman kowane koda ne adrenal gland. Rawar da suka taka shi ne babbar, sun saki fiye da talatin hormones kai tsaye zuwa cikin jini. Daga kasa, a ƙashin ƙugu, urinary mafitsara located. The maza bãya gare shi - da seminal vesicles, da hanjinsu. The mata - farji, kasa - tsokoki na pelvic bene. Biyu kankanin gland - ovaries karya a cikin pelvic rami, a tarnaƙi na mahaifa, da jijiyoyin haɗe da shi. A maza, da testes (golaye) suna located in Kwalatai (Scrotum), wanda aka samu daga. Kasa cikin mafitsara - prostate gland shine yake.

cell

Samar da wani bayyani na jikin mutum, da fari da muka sa a keji. Yana shi ne mafi karami tsarin da kuma aikin naúrar. A jikin mutum - fiye da ɗari biyu iri daban-daban na sel, kowanne daga abin na da tsarin, aikin tsarin. Idan muka yi la'akari da janar tsarin da shirin, shi ne guda. A harsashi, da cytoplasm da tsakiya - babban aka gyara daga wani cell. A casing Forms glycocalyx da plasmalemma. A cytoplasm da wasu gabbansa bambanta hyaloplasm.

Cell bango samar da wani tsoka mai amsa sigina aiki, zabe permeability, da canja wurin da wutar lantarki, da kuma sinadaran da sigina, raba da intercellular abu na protoplasm.

Babban kaddarorin da Kwayoyin a cikin m aiki ne irritability, metabolism, haifuwa, tsufa, mutuwa.

Metabolism faruwa ci gaba. A cell ne kullum hada daban-daban abubuwa da hannu a cikin makamashi da kuma roba metabolism an samu gyara amfani, thermal makamashi da aka saki.

A cell ne iya amsa daban-daban na ciki da kuma na waje samuwar kasashe. Amsa Form - excitability, shi ake dangantawa da jikin tantanin cajin.

Kowane cell na da rai sake zagayowar. Kowace rana, jikin mutum shi ne game da 1-2% na Kwayoyin mutu a sakamakon tsufa da kuma kaddamar da sabon, da tsari ne m.

yadudduka

Zane ne mai tarin Kwayoyin, intercellular abubuwa da da na kowa tsarin, aiki, asalin. A cikin mutane, akwai nau'I hudu na kyallen takarda:

• Epithelial nama. Bisa ectodermal asalin, hanzari regenerating, yana da wani m na intercellular abu, babu jini, an located a kan ginshiki membrane. Akwai da dama iri epithelium: guda - lebur, cylindrical, mai siffar sukari, ciliated epithelium, Multi - sashen dutsen, neorogovevayuschy, glandular epithelium.
• Connective nama. Yana zo daga mesodam. Cell siffar ne bambancin, ɓullo intercellular abu. Rarrabe fiber - wani sako-sako da nama, m nama, guringuntsi, kashi, mai, Lymph, jini. Hematopoietic nama kuma ya kasance a cikin jirage.
• Muscle nama. Yana yana da kaddarorin ƙi, kuma m. Daban-daban kwarangwal striated, cardiac striated, santsi.
• M nama. A mafi muhimmanci Properties - excitability da watsin. Nama na ectodermal asalin, wakilta glia da neurons.

System, sashin jiki aiki

Saboda haka, mu yi nazari a kan tsarin da kuma aiki na jikin mutum. Mun generalize sakamakon da kuma gabatar da duk ayyuka na mutum tsarin a cikin wani nau'i na tebur.

Kamar yadda ka gani, jikin mutum - a cikakke tsauri tsarin, tare da musamman tsarin.