ALS cuta: Yanã, cututtuka da kuma hanya. Ganewar asali da kuma lura da amyotrophic kaikaice sclerosis

Modern magani ne kullum gwamnatin. Masana kimiyya haifar da sabon cures ga m cututtuka a baya. Duk da haka, masana iya ba yau samar da isasshen magani ga duk ailments. Wata irin wannan cuta ne ALS cuta. A Sanadin wannan cuta har yanzu suna unexplored, da kuma yawan marasa lafiya a kowace shekara kawai qara. A wannan labarin, za mu dauki mukalli a wannan Pathology, da manyan cututtuka da kuma hanyoyin da magani.

janar bayanai

Amyotrophic a kaikaice sclerosis (ALS, Lou Gehrig ta cuta) ne mai tsanani Pathology na juyayi tsarin, a cikin abin da akwai abin da ake kira asarar motor neurons a cikin laka, kazalika a cikin bawo daga cikin kwakwalwa. Yana da wani mai dagewa kuma m cutar da cewa sannu a hankali take kaiwa zuwa degeneration na juyayi tsarin. A karshe, saukarwa da cutar da mutum ya zama m, amma ya kiyaye bayyananne hankali da hankulansu kiwon lafiya.

ALS cuta, haddasawa, da kuma wanda karshen da pathogenesis ba a karatu, ba daban-daban musamman bincike da kuma lura da hanyoyi. Masana kimiyya a yau ta ci gaba da rayayye gano shi. Yanzu an san cewa cutar tasowa mafi yawa a mutane dake da shekaru 50 da har zuwa game da shekaru 70, amma akwai lokuta da baya shan kashi.

rarrabuwa

Ya danganta da wurin da farko bayyanar cututtuka da cutar kwararru suna da wadannan a cikin siffar:

1. Lumbosacral form (akwai wani take hakkin da mota aiki na ƙananan wata gabar jiki).
2. Bulbar form (wasu shafa kwakwalwa nuclei, wanda entails wani inna daga cikin tsakiyar hali).
3. Mahaifa-thoracic form (primary cututtuka su ne saba da canje-canje na mota aiki na babba wata gabar jiki).

A daya hannun, masana rarrabe iri uku ALS cuta:

1. Mariana form (primary bayyanar cututtuka faruwa sosai a farkon, akwai wani jinkirin Hakika na cutar).
2. Classic harben irin (95% na dukkan lokuta).
3. Family irin (bambanta marigayi bayyanuwar da hereditary predisposition).

Me ya sa babu ALS cuta?

A Sanadin wannan cuta, da rashin alheri, har yanzu talauci gane. Masana kimiyya sun yanzu ware wani adadin dalilai, tare da kasancewar abin da yake kusantar wajen samar da karin sau da yawa:

• ubikvina gina jiki maye gurbi,
• watse mataki neurotrophic factor.
• maye gurbi na wasu kwayoyin halittu.
• ya karu free m hadawan abu da iskar shaka a neuronal Kwayoyin kansu.
• gaban wani dauke da kwayar cutar wakili.
• ya karu aiki da ake kira excitatory amino acid.

ALS cuta. cututtuka

Photo da marasa lafiya da wannan cuta za a iya samu a cikin na musamman kundayen. Dukan su suna da ha kawai da abu daya - da waje bayyanar cututtuka da cutar a cikin marigayi, saukarwa.

Game da primary na asibiti ãyõyin cuta, su sosai da wuya sa wariness a kan wani ɓangare na marasa lafiya. Bugu da ƙari, m marasa lafiya sau da yawa bayyana su m danniya ko wani rashin sauran daga aikin yau da kullum. Wadannan su ne bayyanar cututtuka da cutar, abin da ke faruwa a farkon matakai:

• tsoka rauni.
• dysarthria (wahala a magana).
• m tsoka spasms.
• numbness da rauni da wata gabar jiki.
• haske twitching na tsokoki.

Duk wadannan alamu kamata faɗakar da kowa da kowa da kuma zama wani dalili ga game da wani gwani. In ba haka ba, cutar za ta ci gaba, wanda shi ne sau da yawa qara da alama na da rikitarwa.

cutar

Ta yaya ne ALS? Cutar, da bayyanar cututtuka da wanda aka jera a sama, da farko zai fara da tsoka rauni da numbness a cikin extremities. Idan Pathology tasowa tare da kafafu, da marasa lafiya na iya samun wahalar tafiya, kullum tuntuɓe.

Idan cutar bayyana kanta da rushewa daga cikin manya wata gabar jiki, akwai matsaloli tare da aiwatar da mafi firamare ayyuka (buttoning a shirt, kunna key a kulle).

Ta yaya kuma za ka gane ALS cuta? A Sanadin cutar a 25% na lokuta ana rufe a raunuka na medulla oblongata. Da farko, matsaloli tare da jawabin sa'an nan hadiya. Duk wannan entails matsaloli tare da taban da ake abinci. A sakamakon haka, mutane ba ci da kyau da kuma rashin nauyi. A wannan batun, da yawa marasa lafiya fada cikin wani depressive jihar, saboda cutar yawanci ba ya shafar fahimi aiki.

Wasu marasa lafiya da wahala kafa kalmomi har ma da na al'ada taro. Ƙananan take hakki na wannan irin shi ne mafi sau da yawa saboda matalauta numfashi da dare. Likita kwararru yanzu dole gaya wa haƙuri game da fasali na kwarara daga cuta, magani zažužžukan, har ba ya iya ci gaba don yin wani informed yanke shawara game da su a nan gaba.

Mafi yawan marasa lafiya mutu na numfashi rashin cin nasara ko ciwon huhu. Yawancin lokaci, mutuwa ya auku a cikin shekaru biyar daga ranar tabbatarwa da cutar.

bincikowa da

Tabbatar da gaban da cutar zai iya kawai zama gwani. A wannan batun, da farko rawa ga m fassarar data kasance asibiti hoto a wani musamman haƙuri. Yana da muhimmanci bambanci ganewar asali ALS cuta.

1. Electromyography. Wannan hanya ya sa ya yiwu don tabbatar da kasancewar fasciculations a farkon matakai na ta ci gaba. A wannan hanya, gwani nazarin lantarki aiki na tsokoki.
2. MRI bayyana mahaukaci foci da kuma tantance aiki na juyayi Tsarin.

Abin da ya kamata a bi?

Abin baƙin ciki, magani a yau ba zai iya bayar da wani tasiri far da wannan cuta. Yaya zan iya rinjayar da ALS cuta? Magani ya kamata a da nufin farko a inda hakan ya cutar hanya. da wadannan matakan da ake amfani da wadannan dalilai:

• musamman tausa da wata gabar jiki.
• idan akwai gazawar numfashi tsokoki da aka nada ta hanyar inji iska.
• a cikin hali na doldrums shawarar tranquilizers da antidepressants. A kowane hali, kwayoyi suna wajabta a kan wani mutum-akai.
• hadin gwiwa zafi stoped steroidal anti-kumburi kwayoyi ( "Finlepsin");
• Yau kwararru bayar da dukan marasa lafiya da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Riluzole". Yana ta tabbatar mataki da kuma wani mai hanawa a saki ake kira glutamic acid. Lokacin da ingested miyagun ƙwayoyi rage neuronal lalacewa. Duk da haka, ko da wannan yana nufin ba zai iya warkar da haƙuri gaba daya, da shi ne kawai slows da cutar ALS.
• zuwa sauƙaƙe yunkuri na haƙuri amfani musamman na'urorin (canes, kujeru) da ƙuƙumma ga cikakken kam na wuyansa.

Kara cell far

A da yawa kasashen Turai ga marasa lafiya da ALS yau suna bi da nasu kara Kwayoyin, wanda kuma taimaka wajen rage da cutar ta ci gaba. Wannan irin far ne da nufin kyautata manyan ayyuka na kwakwalwa. Kara Kwayoyin suna transplanted cikin lalace yankin, da rage yawan neurons inganta kwakwalwa oxygenation da kuma ta bayyanar da sabon jini.

Kadaici na kara Kwayoyin kansu da nan da nan dasawa mafi yawa ana gudanar a wani outpatient saitin. Bayan da magani, da mãsu haƙuri ne har yanzu 2 kwana a asibiti, inda kwararru saka idanu yanayin.

A lokacin cell jiyya da ake gudanar a cikin CSF da lumbar huda. Wajen jiki ba su da damar su haifa a kan nasu, da kuma reimplantation ne da za'ayi kawai bayan tsaftace.

Mahimmanci, wannan irin far iya muhimmanci rage cutar ALS. Photo marasa lafiya bayan watanni 5-6 bayan hanya a fili ya tabbatar da wannan da'awa. Gaba daya rabu da cutar da shi ba zai taimaka. Abin baƙin ciki, irin haka, an rubuta su, kuma a lokacin da magani ba ya bayar da wani sakamako.

ƙarshe

Hangen nesa da cuta ne kusan ko da yaushe ya fi karfinsu. Ci gaban motsi cuta babu makawa entails mutuwa (2-6 years).

A cikin wannan labarin da muka yi magana game da gaskiyar cewa wannan shi ne wani Pathology, kamar yadda ALS. Da cutar, wanda bayyanar cututtuka maiyuwa bazai bayyana ba na dogon lokaci, ba za a halin yanzu a iya warke har karshen. Masana kimiyya a duniya ci gaba da rayayye karatu da wannan cuta, ta haddasawa da kuma ci gaban gudun, kokarin samun wani tasiri magani.