Aiki ƙasar: da iri da kuma siffofin na yi

Yi gine-gine na daban-daban ya shafi dama matakai. A farkon aiki ne ko da yaushe ake bukata ƙasar. Wannan aiki ya shafi site shiri, ci gaba, rami, trenching. Har ila yau za'ayi shiryawa da kuma kau da ƙasa, gyara shimfidar wuri. A ingancin irin wannan aiki kayyade karko na kafuwar kuma sanye take da sadarwa.

-daban na aikin

A lokacin aikin gine-gine da ake buƙata a ƙasar 2 iri:

• karkashin kafuwar;
• karkashin sadarwa.

Kafuwar aka shigar a kan sako. Idan suna da nisa daga 3 mita, suna kira rami. Lokacin da tsawon shi ne ya fi da nisa daga wannan wuriyar. A tududa spaced baya sansanonin kira rami. Girma na rami, ramuka dogara a kan sigogi na tushe. Communications aka sanya a cikin ramuka, zurfin wanda aka kafa da dokoki SNIP.

Shiri kuma ancillary ayyukansu

Yawancin ƙasar na bukatar shirye-shiryen. Yana hada da cleanup na tarkace da kuma itatuwa. Har ila yau, ya yi lalata gine-gine da kuma tushe. Just zama sane da cewa itatuwa suna cire a kan tushen da ƙuduri na muhalli kungiyoyi. Bugu da kari, shi wajibi ne don shirya wuri domin samun fasahar.

Karin ayyuka (ƙasa) ne kamar yadda ruwa mai guba dashi, rage ruwan karkashin kasa matakin, loosening na m gona. Sa'an nan, da shigarwa na ganuwar ramuka da kuma ƙasa compaction.

Evaluation na aikin

Don yin kimantawa wajibi ne domin sanin yadda da yawa cubic mita duniya bukatar motsa. Idan ka shigar da yawan aiki na aiki, za ka samu to zabi yadda aikin zai iya za'ayi ƙasar.

A lissafi na adadin aikin taimaka wajen shirya competently tsari saboda wasu dalilai:

• zabi wani datacewa da kuma wajen aiki;
• fitarwa da kuma rarraba da ƙasa;
• yabo na farashin da kuma tsawon lokacin aiki.

A lokacin da zane na matakin na aiki za a lasafta a kan tushen da aiki zane, da kuma a samar - daga ma'aunai.

Hanyar na hakar ƙasa

Tono wani rami a hanyoyi dabam dabam. Hanyar aikin m ƙasa halaye, juz'i, irin shiri. Har ila yau, shi ya dogara da hydrogeological yanayi.

Iya za'ayi rami aikin hannu kazalika da irin yadda inji wajen. Ka zaɓi da hanyar da cewa ba ka damar yin duk a cikin wani gajeren lokaci. Idan magani yanki ne manyan, an fi amfani da inji Hanyar.

Hand-kasa ci gaba

Hannun trenching aka yi tare da kananan adadin aiki, kazalika da a lokuta inda amfani da musamman kayan aiki za su yi aiki. Wannan kullum yana amfani da digging rijiyoyin ga tari harsãshensa, kazalika da na'urorin sadarwa.

Domin aikin hannu amfani da manyan cokula, da spades. Yana inganta yi saboda kananan inji, msl, ta amfani da wutar lantarki, da kuma pneumatic spades, guduma, crowbars. Sau da yawa amfani loosening cewa ba ka damar aiki da sauri.

Development of gona ta da mechanized Hanyar

Wannan hanya da ake amfani da babban kundin na aiki. Don ƙara gudun kisa, za su shafi:

• Yi excavators.
• bulldozers.
• graders.
• scrapers.
• rippers.
• hakowa kayan aiki.

Inganta yi samu da karin inji for ƙasa sufuri. Trenching za a iya za'ayi da taimakon wadannan kudi. Lokacin kammala, wannan aikin yana da za'ayi ƙasa ordering.

Ta yaya ne aikin a cikin hunturu

A ƙasa aikin da aka yi a cikin rani da kuma hunturu, amma a karo na biyu idan da akwai wasu matsaloli. Wannan shi ne saboda da daskarewa da ƙasa, da kuma haka farashin sabis zai zama mafi girma. Winter undesirably yi sako rami da kuma ramuka da zurfin kasa da 3 m.

Daskararre ƙasa yana da babban inji ƙarfi, da roba nakasawa. Bayyanuwar wadannan kaddarorin iya zama daban-daban, duk ya dogara da irin gona. Alal misali, grit, tsakuwa, yashi hada da akalla ruwa, sabili da haka ba yawa misãlin a low yanayin zafi. Aikin a cikin wannan hali zai zama iri ɗaya a hunturu da kuma bazara. Kuma zuwa ga gudanar da wani aiki tare da m, damp da kuma clayey kasa a cikin sanyi kada ta kasance.

A cikin hunturu, aikin da ake yi a cikin hanyoyi uku:

• ƙasa shiri.
• slicing daskararre ƙasa tubalan.
• Development of gona ba tare da shiri.

Thawing m tururi, ruwan zafi, bude wuta, wutar lantarki tura. Cewa babu dawowar sanyi, yi amfani da rufi wuriyar amfani insulating kayan: peat tarar, sawdust, shavings.

farashin

Aka bayyana ayyukansa suna dauke lokaci-cinyewa, saboda a lokacin da suka saba suna amfani na musamman kayan aiki da kuma na'urorin haɗi. A lokacin da gina dukkan gine-gine ne na muhimmancin gaske earthworks. da darajar da aka ƙaddara da size, kasar gona da irin da kuma lokaci na shekara.

Saboda haka, farashin domin manual hakar ƙasa ne 700-800 rubles da 1 m³. Backfilling Kudinsa 350 rubles. Akwai kamfanonin da cajin kudade a kowace awa.

aminci

Mutane da yawa hatsarori faruwa daidai a wadannan gine-gine. Wadannan dalilai sun hada da:

• rashin ƙasa Dutsen.
• m matakin na ta samar ba tare da kam.
• da bai dace ba disassembly maras motsi.
• kai yadda ake gudanar a auka daga cikin yankuna.
• da yin amfani da unsafe aikin ayyuka.

Don earthworks bai kai ga rauni, ya kamata tsananin tsayar da aminci dokoki. A wannan yanki kamata a yi amfani ne kawai tabbatar da hanyoyin kare rayuwa da kiwon lafiya na ma'aikata.