Alexander Men - fasto, tarihi da kuma wa'azi

Domin kwata-karni da ya wuce tun da rana a lokacin da kaka safe a shekarar 1990 ya yi ritaya daga rayuwar shahararren Orthodox fasto, Uba Alexander Men, a cikin ruhaniya da kuma tarihi ayyukan da aka kawo dubban Russia. Da yawa daga cikin views ba shared da zamani masana tauhidi, amma sai a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki ya ce daga cikin mutanen da Church ya zama bambancin ra'ayi, ba tare da wanda "Ba fi basira." Daya daga cikinsu shi firist na Orthodox Church of Men Aleksandr.

Biography Iyaye gaba fasto

Aleksandr Vladimirovich Men aka haife shi a Moscow a kan Janairu 22, 1935. Iyaye na gaba Orthodox firist sun Yahudawa da haihuwa, amma mutane sosai m daga Yahudanci. Mahaifinsa - Wolf Gersh - Leibowitz (Vladimir G.) a cikin shimfiɗar jariri, da karatu a Kiev addinin Yahudawa makaranta, kuma ko da yake sauran rayuwarsa tuna kuma aka nakalto Hebrew annabawa, shi ne wani mutum da wadanda ba na addini. Bayan ya karbi diplomas na biyu Soviet jami'o'i, da ya jagoranci tawagar injiniyoyi na daya daga cikin Moscow masana'antu.

Uwar - Elena Semenovna - An haife shi a 1908 a Switzerland, inda ta sanar da iyaye a jami'a. Bayan nasara ƙarshe na iyali ya shafe shekaru da dama a Paris, sa'an nan ya koma zuwa ga mahaifarsa, ya zaunar da a Kharkov. Elena Semyonovna da Vladimir G. aure a 1934, da kuma wani shekara daga baya aka haife su dan - nan gaba Orthodox fasto Alexander Men, wani photo na wanda aka gabatar a farkon wannan labarin.

A hanya zuwa cikin firistoci

Lokacin da yake da watanni shida, ya kuma uwarsa aka yi masa baftisma a asirce a cikin wani coci a Sergiev Posad. Sasha ta uba, Vladimir G., kamar mutane da yawa a wannan lokaci, ya kasance da aka azabtar da ɗauki ƙiren ƙarya, kuma sun ciyar da wani shekara a kurkuku, bayan da ya aka aiko su yi aikin gandu a cikin Urals, inda ya shafe dukan yaki.

Bayan kammala karatu daga Moscow makaranta № 1060, a 1953, Alexander Men ya zama dalibi na Moscow University, amma ba tare da samun wani diploma, aka fitar saboda da addini, abin da ba su yi la'akari da shi wajibi ne don boye. Bayan rabuwar da jami'a, Alexander koma Birnin Leningrad, inda ya fara addini da ilimi da kuma ya zama wani Irena, kuma bayan shekaru biyu - firist. Ilminsa, ya tafi zuwa Moscow a cikin ganuwar da tauhidin Academy.

Barazanar da KGB

A cikin Tarayyar Soviet a lokacin da dukan tsawon lokacin da ta zama shi ne wani aiki gwagwarmaya da addini. Ba mamaki, da matasa firist Uba Alexander Men zo da hankalin jami'an tsaro da sabis. A shekarar 1964, a cikin Apartment da aka yi bincike domin gano wani compromising abu, amma wannan lokaci shi ƙare da kyau.

A shekaru goma daga baya, hoton ya canza, kuma hukumomi shirya dangane da firist show fitina wanda Sakamakon wani foregone ƙarshe a gaba. Ayyukan na wani rukunin addini, jagorancin firist Uba Alexander, da KGB ci amanar haka muhimmanci cewa ta shugaban Yuri Andropov da kaina rubuta wani sako ga kwamitin tsakiya. Daga kurkuku sa'an nan ceto kawai ta shiga tsakani a cikin hali na Lardi Juvenal, wanda ya iya kare firist nasa.

Karshen uban Iskandari da tafarkin rayuwa

Tun daga nan, firist Alexander Men wani yawan parishes, da kuma shekara biyu kafin mutuwarsa, ya sa na karshe aiki - jagorancin cikin Ikklesiya coci na Candlemas a New Village. Ga kuma ya aka qaddara domin kawo karshen duniya tafiya. Tashin hankalin ya faru a kan Satumba 9, 1990. Kamar yadda lokaci ya wuce, shi ya bayyana cewa, a da safe, Uba Alexander kamar yadda ya saba da aka faruwa ga coci, inda ta kasance ga ibadar.

Nan da nan, wani mutum ya zo har zuwa shi da kuma gudanar da fitar da wasu rubutu. The firist ya kai a cikin aljihunsa domin ya tabarau, amma a wannan lokacin da wani mutum tsalle daga cikin bushes, ya buge shi daga baya tare da gatari harbi. Munanan raunuka, firist, ya rufe tare da jini, kokarin samun da tashar, amma sai a mayar da su zuwa ga gidan, kuma a lõkacin da ya isa ƙofar garin, rasa sani. likita "motar asibiti" isa a scene na bala'i ya m don su taimake shi.

Kisan da aka haka sanannun da kuma mutunta firist ya sa ƙeta doka a duk bangarorin al'uma, kuma ko da yake gudanar da bincike da aka dauka a karkashin sirri iko da shugaban kasar na Tarayyar Soviet M. S. Gorbachova, da cin zarafin da laifi jajirce ba a kafa. A zafi bi tsare wani wanda ake zargi da, amma The yi jarrabawa kafa da rashin laifi da hali, da kuma ya sake.

Uba Alexander Creativity

A lokacin rayuwarsa, Alexander Men ya marubucin babban adadin wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu. Da farko, shi ne ransa ta aiki - da aka buga a bakwai kundin na "Tarihin addini", kazalika da mutum aiki a game da rayuwar Yesu Almasihu, wanda aka kira "Ɗan mutum." Shi ne marubucin da kuma sauran karatu, wasu daga wanda aka buga a cikin West karkashin daban-daban pseudonyms.

A cikin eighties ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi bayyanar da wa'azi a cikin ƙasa, kuma ya wasanni sun taimaka masu yawa mutane su nemi hanya zuwa ga Allah. fadi da sadaka uban Iskandari da aiki kuma aka sani. Kuma ko da yake na karshe kwanakin ransa rabu da mu domin kwata karni, marasa mutuwa ta ruhaniya shawarta to miliyoyin Russia zauna firist Men Aleksandr, wanda biography misali ne ga mutane da yawa Rasha fastoci.