Alamar tunawa da shekaru 300 na gidan Romanovs (Kostroma): bayanin, adireshin

Abin tunawa don bikin cika shekaru 300 na gidan Romanovs shine aikin da ke da ban mamaki. Da farko an tsara su don ƙirƙirar abin tunawa wanda zai ɗaukaka daular mulkin, wanda ya nuna abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci a tarihin Daular Rasha. Amma juyin juya halin ya shiga cikin tsare-tsaren, wanda sakamakonsa ya zama ba abin da aka nufa shi ba. Menene aka sani game da ginin?

Tarihi

Wannan abin tunawa don bikin cika shekaru 300 na gidan Romanovs shine ra'ayin da ya tashi a 1903. An nuna shi ta wasulan da Kostroma Duma ya yi, wanda yake so ya nuna daurin daular mulkin. Ya kamata a tuna da abin tunawa da abubuwan tarihi da suka faru a cikin shekaru 300 na mulkin Romanovs.

Lokaci mai yawa ya zabi wurin da za a kafa abin tunawa, don magance wannan batu, har ma an kafa kwamitocin zane na musamman, wanda ya haɗa da mutanen da aka sanannun su kamar Benois, Opekushin, Beklemishev. Bayan dogon lokaci, sai aka yanke shawarar dakatar da wani shafi a bankin Volga, inda Kremlin ya kasance a yanzu. Masu halartar hukumar suna son wannan wurin domin dukan Volga ya kasance a hannun dabino.

An tsara abin tunawa don bikin cika shekaru 300 na gidan Romanovs a matsayin tsarin dadi. Ba abin mamaki bane cewa shekaru da yawa ya karbe kuɗi domin gina shi.

Tarihin mujallar: gasar

Tabbas, binciken ne don kafa wurin tunawa ba shine kawai aikin da hukumar zata yanke ba. Don fara gine-gine ya zama wajibi ne don samun tsari na asali na abin tunawa, wanda aka gano an yi hamayya. Da farko, hankalin masu halartar kwamishinan sun janyo hankalin mawallafin Adamson. Amma ra'ayin Adamson ya yi yawa.

Bayan da aka sauke aikin, wanda ya haifar da raguwar farashi, an yarda, wannan ya faru kawai a 1912. An ba da gudummawar gine-ginen ga Sergei Vlasyev, wanda aka sani da mahaliccin tsalle-tsalle mai suna Obelisk dake cikin Alexander Garden. Ayyuka sun fara tare da gina ginin, har ma da ƙirƙirar mutum.

Ya shiga cikin gine-ginen mawallafi da masanin fassarar Adamson, wanda aka ba shi izini don daukar nauyin fasaha da fasaha. Binciken injiniya Bolshakov ne ke da alhakin ginin, Kamfanin KV Werfel ya ɗauki samfurin tagulla.

Alamar alamar

Hakika, abin tunawa da bikin tunawa da shekaru 300 na gidan Romanovs ba zai iya kasancewa a shirye ta lokacin bikin ranar haihuwar ba, aikin na aiki ne da kuma cin lokaci. Duk da haka, a lokacin bikin da aka yi a ƙarshen Mayu 1913, alamominsa ya kasance lokacin.

Yana da ban mamaki cewa yayin da aka kafa Sarkin Emperor Nicholas II, an kuma gayyaci matarsa da yara. An gudanar da bikin ne a cikin wani yanayi mai kyau, an shirya wani babban shiri na dakarun yankin. A hanya, a watan Mayun 1913 ne aka yi bikin bikin Kostroma shekara ta 760, don haka hutun ya zama abu biyu.

Ginin wani abin tunawa

Shirye-shiryen masu halitta sun katse ta hanyar yakin duniya na farko, wanda ya rage jinkirin aiwatar da tsarin. A farkon 1916 an gama aikin da aka yi a kan ginin. Har ila yau, an kawo adadin tagulla 20 a birnin (dukan aikin ya ɗauka shigar da 28).

Daga cikin abubuwan da aka kawo adadi, masu kirkirar tsarin sun gudanar da kawai kawai. Sauran hotunan sun kasance suna jiran lokaci a cikin akwatunan da aka kai su a birnin.

Bayan juyin juya halin

G. Kostroma, kamar sauran sauran ƙauyuka na Rasha, ya kasance cikin wutar juyin juya hali. Bayan kammalawa, halittar abin tunawa, ba shakka, ya dakatar da shi, masanin fasalin Adamson ya bar ƙasarsa. Domin fiye da shekara guda ginin ya kasance a cikin wata ƙasa da aka watsar, kewaye da gina gine-gine.

A farkon rabin 1918 wannan abin tunawa ya jawo hankalin kwamitin gubernia. An yanke shawarar magance sake gina gini, wanda ba'a kammala ba. Da farko, an shirya shi ne don sanya shi a matsayin abin tunawa ga Freedom, wanda za'a bude lokacin da za'a yi daidai da ranar tunawar Oktoba.

Duk da haka, abin tunawa ya tsaya a cikin wata ƙasa da aka watsar da shekaru masu yawa, tun da ayyukan da aka yi da su sun ɓata kudi sosai. Hotuna sun kawo birnin, domin yawancin sun kasance a cikin kwalaye, an kusa kusa da filin. Wasu daga cikin su an kai su wurin shakatawa na gidan da ya zama gwamnan.

Abin tunawa da Vladimir Lenin

Ba'a gina gine-ginen nan ba don girmama bikin cika shekaru 300 na gidan Romanovs a Kostroma. An sake tunawa da abin tunawa ne kawai a 1924, sai ya faru bayan ya yi wa mai martaba takunkumi. An yanke shawarar shigarwa a kan gine-gine na ƙafa, yana riƙe da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Vladimir Lenin.

Sculptures, duk wannan lokacin kasance a cikin kwalaye, an yanke shawarar narke. Don yin wannan, an kai su zuwa ma'aikata "Working Metalist", aiki a cikin birnin. An kafa wani hoton da aka kwatanta da jagorancin a kan wani wuri a watan Mayun 1928. An san cewa masu fasahar irin su Schwartz, Lebedev, Ivanov sun yi aiki a kan siffar Lenin.

Harshen karshe na mutum-mutumi ya faru a shekara ta 1981, sakamakon haka an maye gurbinsa tare da alama mai mahimmanci wanda aka yi da tagulla. Lokacin ƙirƙirar adadin Lenin, ana amfani da yanayin al'ada na jagoran. The mutum-mutumi, dake nuna Vladimira Ilicha furta wata farfaganda magana, taimaka wa kansa da wani kuzari karimcin.

Bayani na abin tunawa

Idan ba a yi nasarar kawar da mulkin Romanov ba, Kostroma zai sami tsarin gaske. Wannan aikin ya nuna cewa matakan da za a kafa a sassa za su kasance kamar ɗakin sujada, tsayinsa zai zama mita 36. An kuma shirya shirin ƙaddamar da ƙaddamar da ƙaddamarwa, wanda kambinsa ya zama babban gaggafa mai sauƙi.

Bugu da ƙari, an tsara shi don ƙirƙirar matakai, tare da siffar sautin. Wajibi ne su zama wuri don sanya hotunan hoto. Abubuwan da aka kwatanta ba kawai wakilan daular mulkin ba ne, amma har ma mutane masu kyau, wadanda wadanda suka lura da su ko kuma wasu lokuta a lokacin mulkin su.

Jerin Figures

Jerin lambobi don alamar sun hada da raka'a 28. Daga cikin wadannan, masu kirkiro sunyi niyyar sanya kai tsaye a kan shinge 18. Hakika, akwai siffofin hoto na masu gina gidan Romanovs. Wannan shi ne sarki na farko Mikhail Fedorovich, mahaifansa biyu, Marta da Filaret. A ƙafafun ya kasance mai suna Ivan Susanin, yana karbar albarkatu daga siffar da aka kwatanta da Daular Rasha.

Bitrus na farko an nuna shi a kan yanayin da ke cikin jirgi, wanda ya kamata ya nuna alamar taimakon wannan sarki don ci gaba da jiragen ruwa na Rasha. A hannun Alexander II an samo shahararren Manifesto, wanda ke ba 'yanci kyauta. Tsar Nicholas II da dansa Alexey an nuna su ne kamar yadda suka kayar da taswirar jihar. Har ila yau, akwai Minin da Pozharsky, wa] annan shahararrun mutane za su kasance a gefuna.

Sakamakon abubuwan da aka yi wa gidan Romanovs da aka yi a cikin gidan Romanovs, ya nuna cewa, an shirya shi ne a cikin ɓangaren ƙananan tsarin. A can, bisa ga aikin, manyan wuraren da ke kwatanta kiran da ake yi na mulkin Mikhail Romanov, manyan batutuwan (Borodino da Poltava fadace-fadace, tsaro na Sevastopol) sun kasance a wuri guda.

Wasu kafofin sunyi iƙirarin cewa an kiyasta adadin su 26. Duk da haka, an ɗauka wannan ne a farkon tsarin, wanda aka canza baya.

Yanayi

Saboda haka, ina ne ake tunawa da bikin cika shekaru 300 na gidan Romanovs? Adireshin: Kostroma birnin, Central Park.