A Radeon 6970: Siffar, halaye, da kwatanta da fafatawa a gasa da kuma sake dubawa

Radeon HD 6970 - graphics katin, AMD, saki a watan Disamba 2010. Its gine simplifies zane na rafi sarrafawa da kuma bayar da su tare da wadata.

model tarihi

A shekarar 2008, AMD ya ci gaba da kuma fito da Radeon HD 4000 series, codenamed R700 da ATI Technologies iri. Kila, mutane da yawa har yanzu amfani da shi a cikin su PC. R700 gine ya maye gurbin dogon-jiran R800, wanda paved hanya domin a jeri AMD ta da ATI da Radeon HD 5000. A lu'u-lu'u ne HD 5870 jerin katin, ya gabatar a watan Satumba 2009. Yana kunshi 2.15 biliyan transistors da ya da wani rabo, sauran flagship guda-processor model for game da watanni 15. Maye gurbinsu a karshen shekarar 2010. A lokacin shi ne daya daga cikin mafi kyau cards a cikin price range cewa yayi magana don kansa.

NVDIA ta dauki game da 6 watanni fire baya a saki GeForce GTX 470 da kuma 480, har ma sai da yawa suka gaskata cewa ta ba rayu har zuwa tsammanin. Bayan 'yan sauri cuts farashin da kuma ingantattun direban goyon bayan katin gudanar ya yi m. Bugu da ari, aukuwa GTX 460 GF110 gine da kuma ladabi taimaka aka kafa, mai yiwuwa samfurin, da kuma shirya hanya domin wadannan model, wato GTX 580 da kuma 570.

A halin yanzu, AMD ya miƙa HD 6000 Oktoba 209 th, wucewa da baton da graphics katin HD 6870 a matsayin counterweight zuwa GTX 460, da darajar da wanda sai ya $ 240. A wani m model, fãce ga garwaya siyasa na sunan da manufacturer ta m da masu tuni cewa shi ne, ba wani canji ga 5870-th model. An fara tare da wannan jerin, tare da ATI Technologies iri da aka hukumance yi ga manufar hulda a tsakanin graphics kayayyakin daga AMD da kwamfuta dandamali. Haka kuma, canja da logo zane.

Bayan wani gajeren bata lokaci ba, shi ya fito da sabon Radeon HD 6970 2GB. Graphics processor, codenamed Cayman aka yi sama da 2,64 biliyan transistors, wanda shi ne 23% fiye da a 5870-th model. Kamar GTX 570 da kuma 580, wanda aka inganta versions na GTX 470 da kuma 480, HD 6970 ya zama modernized version na 5870-th model.

Updates 6900 Series

high-karshen gine Cayman, amfani a cikin jerin HD 6900 ne dan kadan daban-daban daga Barts, ya fito, a 6870 th da kuma 6850 th model. Yana amfani da sanyi VLIW5 HD 5000 wanda ya hada da SIMD da hudu sauki da kuma 1 hadaddun rafi aiki raka'a. Video katin 6900 Series daban-daban sanyi VLIW4, a cikin abin da aiki da kwarara da aka shirya a kungiyoyin na 4 tubalan tare da general rajista. Duk da yake sun duk da daidaita dama, 2 daga cikinsu (3rd da 4th) yi musamman ayyuka. A cewar bayanai daga kamfanin AMD, VLIW4 sanyi na samar da aiki ikon ba na baya VLIW5, yayin da rage guntu yankin da 10%.

Cayman sarrafawa samar da wani babban matakin parallelization idan aka kwatanta da Evergreen / Cypress gine amfani a cikin HD 5800. Barts GPUs ne wani wuri a tsakanin, tun sun kasance mataki a gaba daga Cypress gudanarwa ta mutum kwarara masu kula ga kowane biyu SIMD-tubalan. Cayman kwakwalwan kwamfuta da ko da ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka godiya ga biyu injuna zuwa GPE da manufar kowane daga cikinsu da SIMD-naúrar. Wannan yana nufin cewa da gine yanzu yana da biyu ya fi dacewa tessellation naúrar kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da daya a Barts. A HD 6900 graphics katin, don haka da tessellation yi za a iya muhimmanci inganta. A cewar AMD, shi ya karu 3-Musulunci idan aka kwatanta da HD 5870. Bugu da kari, Cayman gine ma bambanta sarrafa ma'ana daidai engine kunshi 128 ROP Z / stencil, 32 ROP launi, tare da kusan ninki biyu kamar yadda azumi 16-bit lamba ake gudanar da 2-4 -fold kara a gudun 32-bit iyo-aya gudanar.

Architecture Cayman

A miƙa mulki daga VLIW5 VLIW4 to ingantattun sarrafa kwamfuta ikon AMD: narrower SPU sauki don amfani da cika, FP64 kara habaka yi idan aka kwatanta da kwata-FP32, da kuma ajiye sarari iya saukar da ƙarin SIMD. Amma idan Cayman wani tsanani yunkurin samun wani qafafunku a kasuwar na gani sarrafa kwamfuta da snip kashe wani yanki na cake daga NVDIA, to, shi ya kamata ka yi fiye da kawai ƙara sabon shaders. Saboda haka, AMD ya kokawa don inganta ayyuka na ta graphics processor, saboda haka ya na iya haifar da barazana ga Fermi gine.

Babban siffa daga cikin Cayman ne asynchronous tanadi. A lokaci daidai ya bayyana abin da ke sa da katin. A Fermi NVDIA gabatar da goyon baya ga a layi daya tsakiya, wanda bayar da damar gudanar da wani lissafin da dama guda na code a lokaci guda. AMD an maimaita NVDIA m, amma ya cigaba.

Iyakance Fermi zane ne cewa ko da yake da gine damar yin amfani da mahara tsakiya, kowanne daga abin da dole ne a yi aiki da guda rafi sarrafawa. Independent aikace-aikace, misali, ba zai iya fitowa nasu code kuma gudu da shi a cikin layi daya da GPU dole ne mahallin canza tsakanin su. Asynchronous aika daga AMD aka tsara don ba da damar m kõguna da aikace-aikace da samar da code cewa za a kashe a layi daya. A kalla a kan takarda, shi ya ba ku wani gagarumin amfani (mahallin canji ne ma m), wanda ya zuwa fi Fermi yi.

A qa'ida ta asynchronous tanadi ne cewa GPU boyewa wasu bayanai game da ainihi na aikace-aikace da kuma code, wanda, a sakamako, kai da virtualization na GPU albarkatu. Bayan duk, kowane yanki na code da shawara cewa, yana aiki a kan GPU tare da umurnin jerin gwano da kuma mai zaman kansa Adireshi mai rumfa sarari. Yana canjawa da nauyi a GPU da kuma direbobi ba, amma da nufin samun riba ne cewa yana da mafi alhẽri daga mahallin canji.

Asynchronous tanadi bukatar API goyon baya. DirectCompute ne mai ƙayyadadden ajali misali, da kuma wannan siffa da aka ba da goyan, a kalla a cikin 11-biyu versions. Saboda haka, asynchronous tanadi da aka aiwatar kamar yadda wani tsawo na OpenCL.

Sauran inganta lãbartãwa a AMD ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da kuma cache yi. Ainihin gine kasance iri guda a nan, amma wasu qananan canje-canje a cikin lissafi na samfurin da aka sanya. Local data ajiya samuwa a kowace SIMD, shi ne a yanzu iya kewaye da cache matsayi da kuma duniya data ajiya ta kai tsaye karatu. Cayman samu da 2nd naúrar kai tsaye memory damar, wanda inganta karatu da rubutu gudun, kyale ka ka yi aiki yayin da 2 a cikin kowane shugabanci.

A karshe, shi ne kadan kara karatu shaders. Idan aka kwatanta da Cypress, Cayman iya rage yawan yadda ake gudanar da hada su.

zane

katin tsawon ne 27 cm, wanda shine na hali na zamani high-yi model. Alal misali, HD 4870 X2 tsawon 28 ne cm, a matsayin HD 5870. HD 6970 guda girma m GTX 580. Kamar da wanda ya riga, AMD Radeon HD 6970 ne kerarre amfani da wani 40nm tsari, amma kamfanin kara da juna 486 miliyan transistors, sakamakon abin da guntu size ya karu da 16%. GPU core gudanar a 880 MHz, wanda shi ne 3.5% fi yadda HD 5870, da kuma GDDR5 ma dan kadan sauri a mita na 1375 MHz. memory mita, guda biyu tare da 256-bit bas, HD 6970 bada msar tambayar bandwidth na 176 GB / s, wanda shi ne mai 14.5 bisa dari amfani a kan HD 5870.

HD 6970 ne daban-daban daga cikin mazan 5870-th model ma na asali sanyi. Idan karshen kasance 1,600 tsakiya 80 da kuma 32 TAU rasterization naúrar, da farko samu rafi processor 1536, irin zane naúrar 96 da kuma guda 32 ROP (4% m tsakiya da kuma 20% more TAU).

Ga mai amfani da feedback, ganiya na game bilinear irin zane tacewa aka yi a gudun 84,5 gigatexel / s, kuma ciko pixels - 28,2 rn / s. Performance na 2.7 teraflops. The uku-girma scene aka gina a wani kudi na 880 da miliyan polygons / sec. A katin goyon bayan dual-rafi HD-video sake kunnawa, kuma yana da wani Hadakar audio kula.

Ciki da hali ne mai buga kewaye hukumar tare da GPU yanki na 389 mm ² a cibiyar. Around da processor yana 8 GB 2 Hynix GDDR5 ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwan kwamfuta tare da maras muhimmanci data kudi na 6 Gbit / s, 0.5 Gb / s up katin aiki mita. Amfani GDDR5 high gudun wahala da matsaloli a samar da mai kyau memory bas cewa yana da wani tasiri a kan model. AMD ya sanya ci gaban a cimma 5.5 Gbit / s ta inganta da zane na buga kewaye allon, amma m ƙara gudun alama impractical idan kawai saboda zane na 256-bit bas.

mai sanyaya

Sanyaya processor ne babban isa aluminum lagireto vaporization jam'iyya kunsha na 39 faranti na tsawon 13.5 cm, nisa 6.5 cm da tsawo 2.5 cm. Evaporator zane da aka yi da farko aiwatar a AMD ATI Radeon HD5970 da aro a NVDIA GeForce GTX 570 da 580. a karshe, cools lagireto fan 75 x 20 mm, wanda fa, tã iska daga cikin gidaje da kuma Firaministan shi zuwa ga raya na katin.

Ga mai amfani da feedback, domin mafi yawan bangare na mai sanyaya ne sosai shiru, taimaka low ikon amfani (W 20) a rago yanayin. A lokacin wasan, a fan, ba shakka, accelerates, da kuma load da katin jan har zuwa 250 watts. Wannan shi ne 33% fiye da ake bukata Radeon HD 5870, amma ko da tare da karuwa a cikin zãfi kaya bã ya ƙãra wa amo matakin to unacceptable dabi'u.

Lagireto da kuma fan suna kewaye a cikin wani musamman tsara gidaje cewa ya ɓõye dukan graphics katin. AMD ne na kowa yi a cikin zane na mafi Elite model. A cewar mai amfani feedback, wani zane da suka so, tun da shi na samar da dogara da kariya ga na'urarka. NVDIA ya kuma yi a baya domin irin su mafi tsada graphics katunan, da GTX 295 dual-GPU, ko da yake ta wasu flagship kayayyakin (misali, da GeForce GTX 580), da wannan ci gaba ya daina nema.

connectivity

Domin tabbatar da isasshen karfi da katin, AMD ya kafa da 8- da kuma 6-pin haši PCIe. Irin wannan bayani za a iya samu a cikin HD 5970 da kuma GTX 580, t. Don. Wannan sanyi mafi yawa ana amfani da model cewa cinye makamashi mai yawa. Hakika, HD 6970 gwabza support, kuma haka a kan wani misali site, za ka iya samun biyu daga haši to connect biyu ko fiye cards. Kusa da su ne a canza da zai baka damar ka zabi tsakanin 2 BIOS. Wannan ne yake aikata to inganta AMINCI na model a cikin hali na rashin gazawar da flash memory. Bugu da kari, za ka iya gudanar da GPU ta yin amfani da madadin tsarin, sa'an nan sauyawa baya zuwa firamare da kuma sake dinka lalace software. Kafin wannan, AMD ba ya goyon bayan rewritable daban-daban BIOS, amma wannan aiwatar da ya zama mai ban sha'awa canji.

Sauran tashoshin jiragen ruwa da ake located a kan shigar da / fitarwa panel. Reference samfurin video katin sanye take da biyu dual DL-DVI-connector, biyu-tashar jiragen ruwa Mini-DisplayPort da HDMI. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa 6970-na model na goyon bayan a kalla ƙuduri har zuwa 2560 x 1600 a 3 zaune a yanki. A cibiya da Multi-rafi, ta amfani da mini-connector DisplayPort 1.2, da katin zai iya bauta wa har zuwa shida nuni. Kamar 5870, da mayar da gefe na na'urar da aka rufe da wani farantin karfe. Ko da yake akwai wani gyara cewa bukatar kariya, a yanke shawara kyau samu ta masu amfani, domin ba ka damar daukar wani katin, kada ku damu da ba a taba kaifi fil.

Duk da yake da yawan girman HD 670 ne kusan m zuwa 5870-th model, mai amfani reviews, AMD kewaya zane ba sosai da kyau lõkacin da ta je aiki a gwabza yanayin da kafa gaba 2 cards. The gidaje 5870 th bit tsaya fitar a cikin cibiyar, kiyayye iska vents daga tarewa m allon. A 6970 na farko da irin wannan alatu ba, kuma zai iya kusan ware saman katin, dangane da yadda aka shigar. A sakamakon haka, yawan zafin jiki ta fito, amma ba wa m dabi'u. AMD ta worthwhile don koyi da su daga fafatawa a gasa, daga NVDIA da kuma a kusa da fan ware karin sarari cewa zai yale shi ya yardar kaina "numfashi." Masu amfani an bukaci shigar da graphics katin, da barin tsakanin su har zuwa yiwu, idan motherboard da shasi damar da shi.

yawan aiki

A cewar mai amfani feedback, Futuremark 3DMark 11 gwajin ya nuna cewa, a karkashin matsananci gwajin da Radeon HD 6970 AMD ta da sauri fiye da 7% fiye da na GTX 570 (1821 maki da 1697). Idan irin wannan amfani zai zauna a cikin mu caca gwaje-gwaje, shi zai iya wasa a hannun masu sana'anta. Bisa ga wannan gwajin, HD 6970 by 7% hankali fiye da GTX 580 (1962 maki), 27% kasa da HD 5970 (2506) da kuma 16% mafi m fiye da HD 5870 (1572 maki).

datti 2

Wannan wasan yana da wata dama gina-in gwajin cewa daidai ƙaddara ainihin yi. Datti 2 masu amfani don gudu a DirectX 11 yanayin kunna 4hAA da kuma iyakar image quality saituna. A Radeon 6970 kai wani talakawan na 77 a / c a ƙuduri na 1920 x 1200, yin shi kawai 10% da sauri fiye da HD 5870. More muhimmanci, HD 6970 tabbatar da 21% hankali fiye da manyan gasa, da GTX 570. Sauran mafi tsada model ma nisa a baya. HD 5970 ya 23% da sauri fiye da 6970-th model, da kuma GTX 580 da aka a 33 kashi amfani. Datti 2 ya da tausayi ga HD 6970.

F1 2010

A game da farko ta karshe zo da wani babban gina-in gwajin cewa daidai ƙaddara yi na katin. Masu amfani samu F1 2010 a DirectX 11 yanayin da 8xMSAA kuma mafi kyau na gani saituna. Ya kamata a lura da cewa sun sami ikon samun aiki yadda ya kamata tare da sabuwar gwabza direbobi, don haka HD 6970 kuma ba zai iya samun ci gaba. F1 2010 sakamakon ne ba abin mamaki ba, tun HD 6970 - na biyu ya fi sauri graphics katin, wanda aka gwada a wani ƙuduri na 1920 x 1200, wanda shi ne kawai 9% hankali fiye da GTX 580. iko graphics katin HD 6970 kawai 5% ne mafi alhẽri daga da 5870-th model. Results a cikin wannan wasa shi ne har yanzu kadan sabon abu, t. Don. HD 6970 gaba da GTX 570 tare da wani tabbatacce gefe na 22%.

COD: Modern Yin yãƙi 2

Don kimanta wasan kwaikwayon na graphics katin a cikin wannan wasa, masu amfani yi amfani da Fraps aikace-aikace. Matsakaicin wasan ingancin saituna tare 4hAA da kuma 60-biyu rikodi na gameplay. A gwaji Radeon 6970 nuni Wartsakewa kudi da aka samu ya zama 73 f / s, wanda shi ne 1 ga / daga GTX 480. Wannan ne mafi alhẽri approximates yi GTX 570 (74 f / s) da kuma 16% kasa da sauri GTX 580. Idan aka kwatanta tare da dual Radeon HD 5970, 6970-I model ya 19% hankali, ko da yake da shi na samar da wani kudi na 30% na Frames mafi girma daga HD 5870.

COD: Black ayyuka

Fraps kuma taimaka wajen samar da kamanta bincike na guda player game. Masu amfani frame kudi auna a kan 1 min gameplay farko guda Layer (Operation 40) tare da matsakaicin gani effects, ciki har da 4hAA. Black ayyuka The sakamakon ya nuna cewa Radeon 6970 bayan da GTX 570 da 5% da 13% - daga GTX 580. A matsakaici 105 zuwa / da a wani ƙuduri na 1920 x 1200, kuma matsakaicin saituna a wani hali da ya rage dakin kyautata, da model outperforms ta precursor ta 24%.

kuzarinsu

Idan aka kwatanta da HD 5870, I-6970 model yana amfani da har zuwa 16,5% karin iko, amma, ba cewa shi ne kuma 24% sauri, da masu samun abin da a general shi ne mafi graphics yi. Idan aka kwatanta da HD 5970, 6970-I model ta 3% more tattali, amma talakawan shi ne hankali da 15% da kuma ta 26% a Crysis Warehead wasan, wanda aka yi amfani da danniya gwajin. Radeon HD 6970 jan kamar wannan adadin kuzari kamar yadda GTX 570, cinyewa fiye da 1% karkashin matsananci lodi da kasa da 4% a rago. Ganin cewa biyu graphics katunan samar da wannan wasan kwaikwayon, wannan lokaci shi alama cewa su ne daidai da dace.

Dumama zazzabi

Ga mai amfani da feedback, HD 6970 zama quite zafi a lokacin danniya gwaji a FurMark, kai 90 ° C, wanda shi ne dan kadan sama 87 ° C Model HD 5870. Video GeForce GTX 570, a daya hannun, kawai mai tsanani zuwa 81 ° C, yin shi muhimmanci mai sanyaya a iyakar lodi.

Overclocking

Kara kuzari Control Panel Control panel takaita matsakaicin core mita 950 MHz da darajar da cewa Radeon HD 6970 na'am ba tare da matsala. Wannan shi ne quite mai kyau adadi. Ƙwaƙwalwar mita iya zama har zuwa 1450 MHz, ko da yake masu amfani a lokaci guda fuskanci al'amurran da suka shafi zaman lafiya da kuma tilasta tattara zuwa 1440 MHz. Wannan kashi 8 hanzari yi kaiwa zuwa wani karuwa 7.6% a lokacin da gwada a wasan COD: Black ayyuka, 7,8% - a Crysis warhead da 7%, - a filin yaki Bad Company 2.

ƙarshe

Da alama cewa HD 6900 da kuma GTX 500 sake juna. Tare da 'yan key bambance-bambance, ba shakka. NVDIA samfurin bayyana a kasuwa a lokacin da tabbatar da matukar tasiri a cikin adawa da kishiya AMD model. GeForce GTX 480 ya fi sauri guda-processor graphics katin, da GTX 580 da kuma kiyaye shi da kambi kamar yadda ya yi mata yawa don Radeon 6970. The farashin yayi dace da kudin da model GTX 570, da kuma alkuki 580th ranked HD 6950. kawai a farkon na shekara ta gaba, AMD yana da damar komawa Sirri magabaci a yi ta sakewa 2 HD 6990 jerin cards, codenamed Antilles.

Radeon HD 6970 ke hannu da hannu tare da GTX 570, da kuma shawarar kiri price ga wannan katin da aka kafa a $ 369, yayin da GTX 570 DEBUT a $ 349. Duk da cewa wadannan su ne biyu sosai daban-daban model, su nuna irin wannan talakawan yi a da yawa wasanni, gwajin masu amfani a cikin wani ƙuduri na 1920 x 1200. Domin mafi part bambanci ne kadan. Radeon 6970 a wasu lokuta ne 20% da sauri fiye da GTX 570, da kuma a wasu - game da 20% a hankali. Kuzarinsu biyu katunan ne ma kusa, nuna irin wannan matakan na aiki yadda ya dace. Saboda haka, HD 6970 ne mai kyau madadin ga GTX 570. A zabi tsakanin biyu cards ba sauki, amma da hakkin ya kasance wani bayani, ba su farashin da kuma cika.

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran model, kamar GTX 580, 6970-nake a talakawan 15% hankali, amma yana da daraja a 30% rangwame, kazalika da GTX 570, wanda yayi wani ko da mafi alhẽri farashin. SIM, wanda ya kamata ya maye gurbin na HD 6970 - ne HD 5870. Bisa ga gwajin data a cikin ƙuduri na 1920 x 1200 za a iya ce da cewa HD 6970 ne 24% sauri, kuma kawai 10% mafi tsada a kan talakawan. Bugu da kari, tsarin makamashi yadda ya dace ya kuma an inganta. Karuwan ikon amfani da 16% ba wani ƙarin 24% yi. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa Radeon 6970 dubi kadan mafi alhẽri daga da GTX 570 a wasanni STALKER: Call na Pripyat da kuma baki vs. Predator, wanda amfani da tessellation. Kafin ta gabatarwar, NVDIA ya na da wani gagarumin amfani a nan.

Overall, duka biyu da graphics katin samar da wani na kwarai matakin na yi da kuma darajar, yin da zabi tsakanin biyu a lokaci guda sauki da kuma hadaddun. Amma duk wani mataki zai zama daidai.