A Jamhuriyar Benin tarihi da kuma yawan

Mulkin da dama sunan Dahomey zama sananne ga Turawa ne kawai a cikin marigayi tsakiyar zamanai. Yau da karkararta ne Jamhuriyar Benin. Ina shi, kuma abin da abubuwan tarihin da ya faru a can a baya 6 ƙarni, gaya mana labarin.

pre-tsara lokacin mulkin mallaka

A farko burbushi na rayuwa samu, a cikin garũruwa ta zamani Benin ya kasance a cikin Paleolithic da Neolithic lokaci. A XVI karni, a lokacin da gaba na Gulf na Guinea ya isa Portuguese seafarers da bawa yan kasuwa, akwai wanzu a Jihar Dahomey. The yan unguwa bai nuna rashin jituwa da Turawa, da kuma a cikin XVII karni a kan Atlantic Coast na mulkin da aka tushen Portuguese, Faransa da kuma Yaren mutanen Holland ciniki shiri. Sa'an nan kuma akwai zo da Katolika da mishaneri, wanda ya buɗe wa farko makarantun firamare.

Duk da haka, ban sha'awa a wajen raya dangantakar da Dahomey tsiwirwirinsu hawansa a cikin yanayi ne kawai a cikin XVIII karni, wanda ya saboda da canji a cikin daya daga cikin mafi iko yammacin kasashen Afrika a lokacin.

da fataucin bayi

Sarakuna na Dahomey gladly ciniki da Turawa. A karshen farko sha'awar baki bayi aiki a kan plantations na American mazauna. Bugu da kari, suka yi mamaki, to koyi cewa sarauta sojoji suna Amazons wanda yaki tare da maza, kuma sun musamman jiki da kuma fama horo. Yana da wadannan 'yan mata da shiru infiltrated da ƙauyuka a kasashen makwabta da kuma Allada Uidu da kuma kokarin kama a matsayin fursunoni, wanda sune tushen "fitarwa" na Dahomey.

Isar da shi a ce a 1750 da nan sarki Tegbesu sanã'anta bawa babbar Naira Miliyan Xari a waɗannan kwanaki 250 dubu fam. Sashe na daga cikin kudi ya ciyar a kan saye da makamai domin ya kiyaye a bay makwabta da kuma mutane na shagaltar asashe.

A cikin XIX karni

A 1848, Dahomey ƙi sayar da bayi zuwa Turawa. A 1851, Faransa sanya dangane da cewa jihar maƙiya karimcin, shiga wata yarjejeniya tare da sarki na Porto Novo. Karshe ya da wani talakansa na Sarkin Dahomey Glélé da kuma biya masa haraji.

A 1862, Porto-Novo aka ayyana a Faransa protectorate, kuma daga baya aka shagaltar. Bugu da kari, a 1885, hõre wãjibi ne a kan cinikin bayi, wanda ya hana da kai daga bayi a West Indies.

A karshe 2 shekarun da suka gabata na XIX karni da bakin tekun na Dahomey zama a fafata da kasashen Turai da ya so ya riƙi shi a karkashin ta protectorate.

A 1889, Faransa sun kai hari birnin Cotonou, Dahomey, kuma suka tilasta wa sarki don a kulla yarjejeniyar. A cewar wannan takarda, Porto-Novo, kuma Cotonou gane dũkiyarku da Faransa. Bi da bi, jihar da ya biya 20,000 francs Dahomey. Faransa mallaka aka mai suna Benin.

A 1892, Sarkin Dahomey ya kammala da dama yarjejeniyar. A sakamakon haka, kasar da aka zayyana a Faransa protectorate. A 1894, Sarkin Dahomey aka fitar da su Martinique, da kuma kasar da ya rasa har da semblance daga mulki.

By ƙarshen XIX karni na jihar bakin teku sashi na Benin, Dahomey kuma m yankuna, kama da Faransa, kafa mallaka tare da babban birnin kasar Porto Novo.

A farkon rabin karni na XX

A shekara ta 1904, 55 shekaru da shi aka kafa ta kasar Benin, da mallaka na Dahomey shi ya zama wani ɓangare na Faransa yammacin Afrika, da kuma fara yi da wani zamani a lokacin da Cotonou tashar jiragen ruwa. A Railway layi tsawon na 45 km da aka gina a shekaru 2, wanda da alaka da sabuwar tashar jiragen ruwa tare da Uidu.

Modern iyakar cewa shi ne a yanzu da Jamhuriyar Benin, da mallaka samu a 1909.

Lokacin da yakin duniya na farko, sojojin Faransa yãƙi a cikin ƙasa na Jamus Togo Dahomey aka yi amfani a matsayin wani sansanin soja.

A 1915, wata fitina ta barke a cikin mallaka, wanda aka mur. Popular zanga-zangar da aka ma da aka gudanar a shekarar 1923. Kuma a cikin 1934, a Dahomey shiga Faransa ƙasar Togo, da kuma a 1937 da kasar ta zama mai raba administrative naúrar.

9 Bayan shekaru da shi da aka bai da matsayi na kasashen waje ƙasar Faransa da kuma halitta Gaba Council - na farko gwamnatin jiki a ƙasar da yake yanzu da jama'ar kasar Jamhuriyar Benin. Yana kunshi 30 councilors, wanda aka zabe su ta hanyar duk adult 'yan ƙasa, ko da jinsi. Duk da haka, domin a tabbata cancanci kada kuri'ar, maza da mata ya kamata su iya karanta, rubuta da kuma yi magana a Faransa.

Cigaba lokacin mulkin mallaka

A farkon shekarun da suka gabata na samun 'yancin kai, kasar Benin ya ci gaba a kan tushen da abin da aka halitta a lokacin da Dahomey. A lokacin mulkin mallaka a can aka gina asibitoci da makarantun firamare, kuma an halitta a manyan-sikelin samar na dabino da man fetur. Mun yi hu ~~ asa da kuma Katolika mishaneri.

furucin na 'yancin kai

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu da mulkin mallaka gwamnati Dahomey kunshi magoya bayan na motsi "Free France". Bayan ta kammala, Sharl De Goll da kaina da gudummawar da weakening na da ikon da gwamnan. A shekara ta 1952, maimakon Gaba Majalisar kafa yankin Majalisar, kuma a shekarar 1958, Dahomey zama jamhuriyar cewa an kunshe a Faransa al'umma.

Cikakken 'yancin kai daga Faransa aka zayyana a 1 ga watan Agusta, 1960. A babban birnin kasar na sabuwar jihar sanar da Porto Novo-, amma da gwamnatinsa ta dauka a Cotonou.

A Jamhuriyar Benin: da shekaru na 'yancin kai

Domin na farko shekaru 15 da samun yancin kai, wani yawan soja juyin mulki ne da aka aikata a kasar. A shekarar 1975, Jamhuriyar Jama'ar {asar Benin da aka zayyana a can. Yana da aka karkashin jagorancin wanda ya zo da iko a 1972, Major Mate Kareku, wanda ya yi shela ta babban maƙasudin da gina gurguzanci.

A shekarar 1989, mai mulkin danniya yanke shawarar yin dogon lokaci "sake fasalin kudin" da kuma kawar da su daga sunan kasar da kalmar "mutane." A shekarar 1991, akwai gudanar da zabe a kasar Benin. A sakamakon da daya-ƙungiya tsarin da aka halaka.

Ina Jamhuriyar Benin, da kuma siffofin da ta tattalin arzikin

A kasar da aka located a Afrika ta Yamma, kuma yana da damar zuwa teku ta gabar tekun Guinea. A arewa, kasar iyakokin kasar da Nijar, da Burkina Faso, a yamma - da, da kuma a gabas - tare da Najeriya.

Industry ba kawai 13.5% na GDP. A kasar da aka samar da ma'adanai, ciki har da zinariya, da marmara da farar ƙasa. In mun gwada kwanan nan aka ɓullo da rijiyoyin man fetur. Akwai yadi masana'antu, kamar LLC "Skirteks" ( "Skirteks Limited"). A Jamhuriyar Benin ma aiki abinci aiki shuke-shuke da ciminti samar Enterprises. A masana'antu a kasar da aka wakilta kamfanonin da hannu a sarrafa m raw kayan.