Tsororuwar Rasha. Rasha High duwãtsu

Tarihi, cewa Rasha labarin kasa kara ɗe biyu Turai da kuma Asiya. Kuma idan yammacin ɓangare na kasar a kan tudu, a hayin Ural Mountains, a maimakon haka, yana da wasu daga cikin mafi girma a dutsen jeri.

Mai high duwãtsu Rasha - Caucasus. Explorers, kuma geographers na daban-daban daraja su ko zuwa Turai na duniya, ko ya kamãta da Asia. The girma ganiya na Alps - Mont Blanc (4810 m) - shi ne da yawa na baya zuwa ga Rasha "gasa". Caucasian giant fi gaban shi a hanyoyi masu yawa.

da mafi kololuwa

Tsororuwar Rasha - shi ne wani dutse da ake kira Dutsen Elbrus, aka located a kan iyakar Kabardino-Balkaria da karachay-Cherkess Jamhuriyar, da tsarawa 43 ° 21'11 "N, 42 ° 26'13" gabas longitude. Ganiya yana da wani conical siffar, aka located a cikin yankin arewacin Caucasus da yake a bayyane ko da daruruwan kilomita.

Biyu raba aman wuta-fi kafa a daya tectonic akai. Wani lokaci da tsawo daga Dutsen Elbrus a da dama daban-daban kafofin, kamar yadda ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi kawai daya daga cikin fi. Gabas mazugi (5621 m) yana dauke su gwada da matasa, kuma yana da classic siffar bakin dutse kwano. West ganiya (tsororuwar Rasha) ya kai 5642 m, shi ne mafi tsoho da kuma karye. A nesa tsakanin apices game da goma sha biyar kilomita.

Gwargwadon bayanai

Elbrus ne a sauran, amma volcanic matakai ba su daina kuma ci gaba wajen samar da a zurfin 6-7 km.

A dutsen gangara ne yafi lebur, amma tare da Yunƙurin na fiye da 4 km na gangara na gabatowa 35 digiri. Western da kuma arewacin rabo vertices mafi m, a tsaye m gangara iya zama har zuwa 700 mita.

Sama da 3500 mita an rufe tare da m glaciers da duka yanki na 145 km ^2, wanda ƙare a kasa na icefalls. A dumi iska subtropical Caucasian kwaruruka meltwater snow Elbrus iyakoki da samar da wata kyakkyawar kafofin da manyan koguna yankin - Malki, Baksan da Kuban.

Kuri'a zuwa snow-bugawa kololuwa an rufe tare da dutse scree. Mafi yawa daga cikin duwatsu har dutse, gneiss, diabase da sauran volcanic kayayyakin na zamanin d asalin.

Elbrus kamar yadda tsororuwar Rasha miƙa ga daruruwan kilomita ta snow da kuma kankara ne thicker, ga miliyoyin shekaru kayyade yanayin da sauyin yanayi na kwaruruka, Shefela, da yawa daga cikin kewaye yankin.

kangararrun tsawo

Location Caucasus duwãtsu Halicci kalubale yanayi domin hawa. hypoxia matakin ya wuce cewa na Tibet da kuma Himalayas. Wannan a hade tare da low yanayin zafi da kuma Arctic sauyin yanayi na Mount Elbrus a ci daga saman bukatar da janyo ra'ayoyin jama'a da dukan jiki damar iya yin komai, m ilmi da basira a hawa.

A karo na farko tsororuwar Rasha da aka ci nasarar a 1829 da wani balaguro jagorancin Janar Emanuelya G. A. Hunter Balkaria - Ahiya Sottayev - na farko ziyarci biyu kololuwa, kuma a yi shekara ɗari da ashirin da daya sake hau dutsen ba. Elbrus yanzu zama sananne, kuma shi ne mai yiwuwa a yi da dama hanyoyi, da-tsara da kuma araha. Ganiya yana daga cikin bakwai mafi coveted da masu hawa zuwa nasara da dukan duniya. Amma yana da daraja tuna cewa wannan insidious saman da dama m glaciers shekara daukan rayukan game da 10 masu hawa.

shahararre Elbrus

Wasan kwaikwayo dutsen gangara sung tare da dilapidated sau a epics, tãtsũniyõyin, Legends, kuma epics. Bright da kuma flowering kwaruruka cike da koyaswa snow kuma glaciers danda m gangara. A m sasanninta na majestic duwãtsu, kuma shahararre boye kogwanni, entailing caving masu goyon baya. A mafaka da kuma zurfin sasanninta Elbrus buga na musamman kafofin na ma'adinai ruwa ne m for da magani Properties.

Fassara daga harshen Arewa Caucasus Elbrus ne "high", "madawwami kankara dutsen farin ciki". Wannan ganiya, bisa labari, shi ne kadai suka rage ƙasar bayan da Great Ambaliyar. Mai ban mamaki girma da kuma kyau na duwatsun da Caucasus ganin darajarsa kasida, suna ta raira waƙa ta Pushkin A. S. kuma Lermontov M. Yu.

Yanzu, masu yawon shakatawa da kuma masoya na gudun da kuma kasada holidays iya ji dadin saman a cikin rare Rasha makõma.

A lokacin babban Patriotic War a matsafai na kan gangara na Mount Elbrus sun real ta faɗa. Tsororuwar Rasha da aka kama da Jamus da sojoji, da kuma a cikin tsare-tsaren na Nazi umurnin da aka sake masa suna cikin manya-manyan Turai hakar ma'adinai giant a "Hitler ta kara." Duk da haka, hunturu na 1943, da soja hambarar da gwamnatin Soviet Army climbers invaders daga Elbrus.

dutsen dubu biyar mita

Complex da Multi-faceted labarin kasa na Rasha yana da wani 71 vertices, kowanne daga abin da ya wuce da maki na 4000 mita. Daga cikin wadannan 67 kololuwa suna located a cikin Greater Caucasus, da duwãtsu biyu suna located a cikin Altai, uku - a Kamchatka.

Domin dubu biyar mita shafi tsororuwar Rasha - Elbrus kwazazzabo, amma kuma wani bakwai kololuwa na Caucasus.

Dykhtau - caucasian biyu mafi girma ganiya (5204 m). Saboda da steepness na gangara, m da kuma son zũciyõyin glaciers ne daya daga Rasha ta fi kalubale kololuwa. Saboda haka nasara bayan shekaru da dama Dutsen Elbrus, a 1888. Dare wajen hawa babban dutse ne kawai mafi samu da kuma matsananciyar hawa.

Koshtantau -. Ganiya tsawo na 5152 mita kusan mafi m kololuwa na Caucasus Mountains. Nasara ne kawai a 1899. Yana yana da wani musamman kyakkyawa kuma mai ban mamaki marmara glaciers.

Ganiya Pushkin - da tsawo na 5033 m ne mai suna a cikin girmamawa ga centenary na mawãƙi ta mutuwa .. Goyon dake tsakanin biyu kololuwa - Gabas Dykhtau da ganiya Borovikova. Beautiful, iko da kuma kaifi dutsen hasumiyai a kan sauran kololuwa, masu hawa lakabi da "gendarme".

Dzhangi-Tau - "New Mountain" tsawo na 5085 mita. Located a kan iyakar da ke tsakanin Rasha da Georgia ne wani ɓangare daga Bezengi ganuwar, shi ne ta tsororuwar. A majestic ganiya an dauke su da dagi da dutsen iyaka da aka gasar domin suna daga cikin mafi m ga hawa. Yana da kusan saman rare da masu hawa.

Shkhara. A halin yanzu, da tsawo da dutsen da aka dauke su alamar 5068 mita, amma wannan adadi ne ba tukuna karshe. Nasara a cikin 1888. Godiya ta zuwa ga sabon abu siffar, da musamman tsari da kuma matsayin da mafiya yawa daga cikin masu yawon shakatawa ya dauki mafi kyau na kololuwa, wanda aka yi wa ado tare da mafi dutsen Rasha. Shkhara intricately hada da granitic kankara da lu'ulu'u ado ganiya fanciful kogwanni da ramummuka. A daura da ganiya ne biyu da mafi ban mamaki gleiser Caucasus - Bezengi da Shkhara cewa lambatu garin kankara kõguna da m waterfalls karshen. A nan ne tushen Inguri River.

Almara Kazbek - da girman kai na kowane Caucasian. A tsawo daga 5033,8 m. Sunan fassara daga harsuna daban daban a matsayin "dab da kankara tare da farin dutse saman." A farko hawan kasance a 1868. Yana nufin da barci mai aman wuta. Ya aiki a 2002 ya haifar da bala'i a Karmadon gefen kwarin.

A Kazbek kogwanni, a tsawon 3800 mita, shi ne zamanin d Jojiyanci sufi Baitalami haihuwarsa scene. Kuma bisa ga labari na Chechens, cewa wannan tudu aka ɗaure ciki daidai Titan Prometheus.

Kokuwa Mijirghi - karshe dubu biyar mita na Caucasus da kuma Rasha. Ya kunshi biyu kololuwa: yammacin (tsawo 5025 m) da kuma Gabas (4927 mita) - biyu protruding kunya a kan dutsen kunya.

Award for climbers

Idan mountaineer nasara tsororuwar Rasha (wannan Mount Elbrus), da sauran bakwai mafi kololuwa na Caucasus, da kuma biyu mafi kololuwa, da Mountaineering Federation bayar da lakabi na "Snow Damisa Rasha".

Belukha Mountain (4509 m) na nufin "uku-gangarawa ganiya Katun." Gaba daya fari da kuma babbar dutsen Altai Mountains. Ya kunshi biyu kololuwa da kuma saddles Belugas tsawon 4000 m. Saboda daga cikin matsananci yanayi da aka yawaita kawai a shekara ta 1914.

Active aman wuta ne tsororuwar a Rasha da kuma Eurasian nahiyar - Klyuchevskaya Sopka (tadawa canjãwa 4750-4850, bayan da shigowa a 2013 - 4835 m). Yana da aka ci nasarar da daya daga cikin na farko a 1788. Yana wakiltar layering basalt lawa. Eruptions faruwa quite sau da yawa, ash tsawo ya kai har zuwa 8 km.