Tsarin aiki "Elbrus" da kuma cikin gida aiki. Monoblock "KM4-Elbrus"

Rasha kwamfuta masana'antu ne iya tsãmar da mafita da cewa na iya zama m dangane da kayayyakin da manyan brands. Saboda haka, a cikin wani sashi na microprocessors - daya daga cikin mafi technologically m, kuma an halin sosai high shigarwa dokin - m kamfanin MCST shirye matsayin madadin su kwakwalwan kwamfuta daga Intel kuma AMD ga bayar da kasuwar da Rasha sarrafawa. Kwamfuta "Elbrus" a wani daga cikin gyare-gyare, wanda aka gabatar a wani m kewayon, - wani misali da wani aikin tsarin dangane da irin kwakwalwan kwamfuta. A daidai wannan lokaci da irin wannan Soup za a iya guje "Elbrus", wanda kuma Ya halitta MCST. Mene ne takamaiman hardware da software mafita ci gaba da Rasha iri?

A tarihin "Elbrus" kwakwalwa

Kafin nazarin ƙayyadaddu na tsarin aiki "Elbrus" da kuma dace da irin processor, mu bincika key lokacin da tarihi na cikin gida da kwamfuta iri. A kwamfuta karo na farko, aza harsashin ga fasaha layi na "Elbrus", ya bayyana a cikin 70s. Suna tsunduma a cikin ci gaban da Institute of daidaici makanikai da Computer Engineering. A cikin 80s da 90s yiwu kwamfuta tsarin inganta. Tun Soviet sau, da key mabukaci tsarin "Elbrus" - MIC. Sarrafawa hadu da mafi stringent sharudda, wanda shi ne m saboda da tsaro na amfani. An sani, misali, cewa "Elbrus" gidaje da hannu a cikin tsaro tsarin tsarin irin A-135.

aiki "Elbrus-3" a kan hadaddun aka kammala a shekarar 1991. kasa yin zama dole gyara a cikin hadaddun saboda da tattalin arziki matsaloli bayan "perestroika". A 1992, da "Elbrus" line na kwakwalwa, developers sun halitta mai kamfanin MCST da ya fara aiki a kan aiwatar da wani musamman microprocessor gine. Suka gudanar da nasarar warware matsalar. Created gine zai hada makamashi yadda ya dace a cikin kwakwalwa da kuma yawan aiki.

Dace da Intel kuma AMD Algorithms

Har ila yau, da aikin tabbatar da karfinsu na "Elbrus" sarrafawa aka warware tare da x86 gine kwakwalwan kwamfuta lissafi mai tsauri, wanda ya shirya mafita daga Intel da AMD.

Tare da wannan alama, na zamani gida-tushen kwakwalwa "Elbrus" sarrafawa iya aiki a karkashin daban-daban Tsarukan aiki, ciki har da wasu versions na Windows.

sarrafa kwamfuta kayayyaki

Bisa kwakwalwan kwamfuta "Elbrus" halitta da dama kwamfuta kayayyaki. La'akari da su bayani dalla-dalla. A karkashin module a kamfanin MCST nufin da motherboard, wanda aka sanye take da zama dole musaya. A ka'ida, shi ne shirya kwamfuta, wanda kawai bukatar da za a haɗa da wani ikon source, kazalika da dakunan da ake buƙata irin faifai tafiyarwa. Computer tsarin "Elbrus" guntu aka gina a cikin wadannan kayayyaki:

- MVKUB / C;

- Module "Monokub".

- IAC / U;

- Kub-COM.

- Module MV3S / B-R.

A koyaushe MVKUB / C - biyu sarrafawa "Elbrus" da aka kafa a cikin sauran daya guntu. A MV3S irin tsarin / C-K yana da wani ƙarin module flash memory yi nufi ga binary translation.

A gaskiya, a kowane daga cikin na'urorin da aka nuna a cikin jerin yana da wani gina-in na flash drive a kan wanda ya shigar da tsarin aiki - wato, tsananin magana, da kwamfuta ne aikin ko da ba tare da a haɗa wuya tafiyarwa.

sarrafa kwamfuta gidaje

Wani category na na'urorin halitta a kan tushen da "Elbrus" sarrafawa - sarrafa kwamfuta tsarin. Sun kasance a shirye don kwamfutar da cewa kamfanin MCST ya kuma ci gaba da fadi da kewayon. La'akari da ainihin shawarar da Rasha iri.

Mai kula da kawancen

A cikin layi na kula da kawancen kwamfuta tsarin shi ne halin yanzu, sunansa sauti kamar "wearable HT Elbrus m S».

Shi ne dan kadan ya fi girma a cikin size fiye da daidai da irin kwakwalwa da ake samu a zamani Stores, amma wannan shi ne saboda su babban mataki na tsaro. Complex halaye da damar da shi da gudu a kan asali ofishin aikace-aikace.

tebur

An ban sha'awa model - "Monokub-PC», wanda za a iya classified a matsayin wani tebur. Ya 4 GB na RAM, kuma rumbun kwamfutarka 500 GB - quite talakawan kasuwar Manuniya. Sun kuma iya ko da yaushe a karu. Don wannan kwamfuta hadaddun iya haɗa wani nuni da cewa tana goyon bayan VGA ko DVI musaya.

monoblock

Monobloc "KM4-Elbrus" wakiltar wani janar manufa kwamfuta, da shi da ɗan kama a sanyi da aka sani da mafita daga Apple. The na'urar ne mai ban sha'awa a cewa shi ne allo - touch, kuma yana da kyau ƙuduri - 1600 ta 900 pixels. Monoblock "KM4-Elbrus" kuma za a iya amfani da wani allo.

uwar garke

Complex "Elbrus-3C" - shi ne mai iko uwar garke. Yana sanye take da 16 sarrafawa. Shi ne 128 GB na RAM. A wannan hadaddun irin m fayafai ake amfani da shi, kazalika da na gani irin na cibiyar sadarwa mai kula. A yi na hadaddun "Elbrus-3C" - a koyaushe. Saboda wannan shi za a iya kaga bisa ga takamaiman bukatun na abokin ciniki.

Processor "Elbrus-4C"

The girman kai na Rasha kwamfuta masana'antu - sabon 4-core microprocessor "Elbrus-4C." La'akari da manyan siffofin. A nasa ne da category na 64-bit. Kowace daga ta tsakiya a guje a 800 MHz da kuma na iya magana da 3 tashoshi RAM irin DDR3-1600. Zai yiwu mu hada har zuwa hudu masu sarrafawa da na kowa memory hadaddun. Samar da processor daidai da 65 nm fasaha. Da ikon amfani da guntu - game da 45 watts.

A] aukacin wasan kwaikwayon na processor tsakiya da hannu dukkan - game da 50 gigaflops a guda daidaici, ko 25 gigaflops - a biyu. Chip "Elbrus-4C" da jituwa tare da binary translation na code manyan masana'antun da CPU - Intel da AMD. Game da kwatanta gudun da processor da kuma Rasha mafita daga Intel kuma AMD, kamar yadda da yawa ya dogara da musamman yanayin kwakwalwan kwamfuta. Hakika, ga maras adadi mita processor "Elbrus" na baya kwakwalwan kwamfuta daga manyan masana'antun. Kuma saboda ya yi imani da ga masana, ba za a iya cikakken gyara domin da ƙaddamar da m kwamfuta wasanni. Amma da yake aiki a kan sauran lissafi mai tsauri, da nufin amfanin ta hannu daga cikin wasan kwaikwayon na daban-daban na kasar.

"Elbrus 8C" processor

Daga cikin latest mafita daga MCST - processor "Elbrus 8C". Yana yana da takwas tsakiya. Bisa guntu a ranar 28 nm fasaha tsari - a matakin duniya ta manyan ci gaba. The processor yana da wani 4 MB cache a karo na biyu matakin, 16MB - uku. Chip jituwa tare da RAM irin DDR3-1600 kayayyaki. A yi na latest processor daga MCST - 250 gigaflops. Wannan adadi ya wuce da siffa cewa ya nuna da Intel Core i7 4930K guntu irin. Ya gudun - game da 130-140 gigaflops. An sani cewa latest processor daga MCST ƙirƙirar raba irin motherboard.

A kwakwalwa kerarre da MCST, wani tsarin aiki "Elbrus". Ka yi la'akari da ƙayyadaddu na Rasha tsarin aiki a more daki-daki.

OS "Elbrus": general bayanai

Tsarin aiki "Elbrus" dogara ne a kan Linux da kwaya version 2.6.33, amma akwai shaida cewa shirya na zamani da daidai gyara na OS to version 3.10.

Babban rarraba ga Rasha OS - Debian, ya kafa kansa a matsayin wani abin dogara uwar garke bayani. Tsarin aiki "Elbrus" ya hada da 4 ga watan oda. Daban-daban software kunshe-kunshe. The rarraba hada da mai fadi da kewayon kayayyakin aiki, don aiki na sabobin, kazalika da warware matsalolin da suke dacewa ga mai amfani. Saboda haka, a cikin tsarin da tsarin aiki "Elbrus" ne ba:

- zana ke dubawa.

- browser;

- wani shirin domin kalmar aiki.

- kafofin watsa labarai da 'yan wasan.

- e-mail abokan ciniki.

- database management system .

- Web uwar garke.

Yana iya lura cewa software, wanda ake sa ran yin amfani da a cikin tsarin aiki "Elbrus", ana bokan.

A tsarin da "OS Elbrus"

Tsarin aiki "Elbrus" da aka gina a lokaci guda ta amfani jama'a duniya developer na bude tushen lissafi mai tsauri, kazalika da ci gaba da kayayyakin aiki, a halitta da kwararru na MCST. Daga cikin abubuwan da na biyu da irin - mai tarawa da za su iya aiki tare da mahara kwamfuta harsuna. OS "Elbrus", kamar sauran na kowa mai amfani da tsarin aiki, za a iya samar da wani Multi-tasking kwamfuta aiki yanayin.

.. Musamman tsara software aiwatar management ra'ayi domin wannan tsarin aiki, interrupts, aiki tare, da dai sauransu. Domin inganta da Linux kwaya karkashin ayyuka na kwamfuta gidaje "Elbrus" misali library an canza, shi ne alhakin da ya kwarara lissafin - libpthread. Maimakon haka, tsarin aiki developers, Mun halitta a library elpthread.

kuma ya hada da wadannan kayayyaki suna da amfani a cikin abun da ke ciki na "Elbrus" na tsarin aiki:

- umurnin line, wanda damar mai amfani da aiki tare da kwamfuta tsarin via rubutu dokokin da kuma sadarwa da ya dace hanya tare da daban-daban aikace-aikace;

- kayayyakin aiki, don m archiving na fayiloli domin inganta saukaka watsa ko ajiya.

- wani sa na ci gaba da kayayyakin aiki: tarawa, linker, debugger, assemblers, Editocin, fassara, daban-daban dakunan karatu, takardun, kayan aiki da sauransu ..

Daga cikin key dakunan karatu OS - Glibe, wanda aka kuma yi amfani a kan sauran aiki tsarin, gina a kan Linux.

Waɗannan su ne janar bayani game da MVK "Elbrus" tsarin aiki. Yana iya a lura cewa Dunn OS sun fi mayar tsara don yin amfani da soja kamfanoni, saboda haka a cikin jama'a yankin, kamar sauran Linux rabawa, yana da wuya a sami.

Ban sha'awa abubuwa game da ci gaban da MCST

Tsarin aiki "Elbrus" da kuma cikin gida processor irin 4C - ciki har da flagships na MCST. Duk da haka, a Rasha developer, ba shakka, ba a iyakance ga batun da goyon baya ga dacewa yanke shawara. Ka yi la'akari da abin da a yau software da kuma hardware kayayyakin gabatar da iri.

An sani cewa kamfanin "MCST" tasowa biyu na asali Lines na microprocessors - VLIW gine-daban da kuma SPARC. Kamar yadda da farko gine dogara ne a kan shi samar da jerin sarrafawa MCST-R, kazalika da MCST-4R. Kwakwalwan kwamfuta "Elbrus" miƙa wa waɗanda cewa su ne bisa VLIW gine. Duk da haka, kwakwalwa "Elbrus" series za a iya sanye take da da iri na sarrafawa.

Total Rasha developer Ya halitta uku main OS. Da fari dai, shi ne tsarin aiki irin OSL_3M1, gyara domin hadaddun "Elbrus-3M1." Abu na biyu, shi OSL_90, wanda aka tsara domin hadaddun "Elbrus-90 Micro." Abu na uku, shi OS_E90, wanda dogara ne a kan Solaris tsarin aiki version 2.5.1. A farko biyu Tsarukan aiki da ake sau da yawa a hade a karkashin guda sunan - OS "Elbrus". Haka kuma an sani cewa ɓullo da wani musamman version na tsarin aiki don m processor irin 8C, wanda muka ce a sama.

An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, da sunan processor, shirye-sanya mafita da kuma Tsarukan aiki da ci gaba da MCST, kusan m zuwa sarrafawa tsarin "Elbrus", rare a 2000 tsakanin masu amfani da kwamfutar dangane da EPOC tsarin aiki. Wannan tsarin aiki, a cewar wasu kafofin, shi ne samfur Symbian. The yiwuwar sarrafawa tsarin "Elbrus" burge yawa masu goyon baya da ya dace da irin na'urorin. Duk da haka, da data cewa zai nuna cin gaba na biyu brands, da jama'a domin ba a samu.

Yiwuwa ga yin amfani da OS "Elbrus"

Key aukuwa mabukaci MCST yau - shi ne, kamar yadda muka gani a baya, a wannan labarin, da MIC. Saboda haka, software da kuma hardware mafita ta Rasha iri, mafi m, a matsayin fifiko, za a sayi ta soja Tsarin. A lokacin ci gaban MCST iya taimakawa wajen aiwatar da shigo da canzawa a yawan IT-segments. Wannan na iya zama gaskiya ga tsarin da bukatar samar da wani babban matakin tsaro.

A wannan bangare na sarrafa kwamfuta kayayyaki ɓullo da MCST, da rarrabe: da key sinadaran da shiga cikin su tsari, suna da zama dole takardun, idan ya cancanta, sha dubawa da gwani a jikinsu. Wannan kwakwalwa ne ake sa ran a kan tushen da "Elbrus" guntu jerin 4C da 8C zai kasance a bukatar ba kawai a cikin soja filin, amma kuma daga farar hula masu amfani.