Tropinin hoto na Pushkin. VA Tropinin hoto na Pushkin ta bayanin irin hoto

Ko da yaushe ban sha'awa rabo daga wani hoto cewa kama mu idanu a kayayyakin tarihi da gargajiya. A musamman son sani, lalle zã sa hotuna. Bayan duk, suka dace zauna sau daya ko a yanzu suke zaune mutane da nasu hali, nasu makoma, ruhun wanda aka kama da kuma immortalized a kan zane da artist. Ko da shi ke ba mu san mutane ko shahara, ko da yaushe m nitse sosai cikin rabo na biyu da maigida wanda Ya halitta a fitacciyar da kuma mutumin da aka nuna a hoton.

Yau a cikin Haske da dama a hoto na A. S. Pushkina. Tropinin Vasiliy Andreevich ya daya daga masu yawa artists wanda aka nuna a kan zane mai girma Rasha mawãƙi ne. Abin da suke da rabo kuma aiki na wani artist to wannan soyayya? A karkashin abin da hali aka fentin hoto, da kuma inda yake yanzu? Bari mu sani game da shi.

A 'yan kalmomi game da artist

A haifuwa daga Vasily Tropinin, to sh dauki daya daga cikin mafi girma da hoto painters lokacinsa a Rasha, shi ne kauyen Karpovo Novgorod lardin. Paradoxically, amma mahaifin Tropinin wani serf na Count Munnich, da kuma lokacin da 'yarsa - Natalia Antonovna Munnich - ya zama matar Count Morkov, matasa artist an kira su da bada sabon mai shi.

Lokacin da Count Morkov Tropinin aika zuwa St. Petersburg don nazarin irin kek harka, ya asirce halarci laccoci a Academy of Fine Arts. Ya halitta basira domin zanen da gudummawar da cewa Tropinin aka yarda ka zama mai sa kai a Academy. Duk da haka, da ilimi ya taba samu, kuma dole ne je tare da mai gida zuwa Ukraine.

A hankali, ya zama mafi ja hankalin jama'a da su yi aiki ne da gaske talented. A karshe, a cikin 1823, ya zama free, samu da lakabi na Academician da ya fara rayuwa a cikin Moscow, ba da nisa daga Big Stone Bridge. A can ya rubuta Tropinin hoto na Pushkin, wanda daga baya ya zama daya daga cikin shahararrun images of da mawãƙi.

m hanya

Early aiki Tropinin halin m hanya, mai laushi, amma a lokaci guda ne sosai m launi fuska, ya yi amfani da jawo almara hotuna na masu - a iyali Morkov.

A cikin ayyukan da lokacin 1820-1830 gg. za ka iya ganin sculptural definition na kundin, mai kuzari da kuma jijjiga martani model polnozvuchie launuka fara yin amfani da Tropinin. Hoto na Pushkin, nufin wannan lokaci a matsayin lokacin da cikakken nuna duk na sama.

A cikin zane-zane na 1830-1840-ies. ne Littafi Genre bugun jini, wahala da abun da ke ciki. Tropinin biya mai girma da hankali ga daban-daban bayani, samar da wani Bambanta, hankula images of da Sahaban. Ayyukan da cewa lokaci ana kuma halin zahiri romantic nufi, mafi yawa ba halayyar aikinsa.

Babban manufar artist ya nuna typicality Zagayawar su heroes, wucewa da ciki roko kuma ba tare da nuna su a fili akidar zuwa daya ko wani aji. Zane musamman mutane, ya yi kokarin nuna duk abin da ya hali na mutane a cikin wannan da'irar. Wannan ne zanen "The Lacemaker", cike da ikhlasi da dumi na ji ga kowa mutum daga cikin mutane.

Artistically muhimmanci da kuma shiri zane, a kan wanda ya yi aiki a cikin artist Tropinin. Ya zane-zane sun taka muhimmiyar rawa ta bunkasa Rasha mulkin demokra art na XIX karni kuma siffata Moscow ta m hadisai.

A tarihin hoto

An sani cewa Pushkin kansa ba sosai na son zuwa matsayi na artists. Yana da wannan dalilin cewa sai kadan da aka rubuta tare da mawãƙi yanayi images. Duk da haka, bayan da ya dawo daga St Michael da ke links a kan, a 1827, ƙarshen Decembrists harka biyu na wadannan hotuna, wanda baya zama litattafansu na Rasha zanen da mafi image na Pushkin aka rubuta. A farko da aka rubuta O. A. Kiprensky da VA Tropinin, wanda hoto na Pushkin dauki mafi idon basira images halitta da na biyu.

Saba wa kowa version, da hoto da aka samu izini da mawãƙi kansa, kuma ba shi da abokinsa Sergeya Aleksandrovicha Sobolevskogo, wanda so da barin don samun wani hoto na Pushkin, a ya saba da tsari, amma ba a cika dress. Ya bayyana daga harafi Sobolev, da aka buga a shekara ta 1952, wanda ya bayyana cewa da mawãƙi asirce da umarnin hoto da kuma ba da shi ga wani aboki a matsayin kyauta.

Tare da zabi na artist yanke shawara shi ne sauki, kamar yadda Vasily a lokacin da ya riga ya sani a matsayin mai kyau portraitist. Duk da haka, a lokacin da aiki da shi yana da ta yi watsi da asali ra'ayin, wanda yake shi ne saba wa ya saba, da-kafa tsarin, wanda ya kasance mai taimako Tropinin. Hoto na Pushkin, a karshe version Zagayawar maimakon m sauƙi da naturalness na sitter, kamar yadda so Sobolewski kuma poetic rikici, wanda haka sau da yawa hade romantically wahayi zuwa art. zurfin ciki muhimmanci da kuma m tashin hankali na mawãƙi aka daidai daukar kwayar cutar.

Duk da wannan kokarin nuna wa masu sauraro, da samar da wani hoto na Pushkin Tropinin. Description na hoto , abin da ya yi shi sake tabbatar. A mawãƙi zaune, ya hali ta halitta da kuma sauƙi. A hannun dama tare da ƙawanya biyu a kan yatsunsu kwance a kan tebur kusa da bude littafin. Yana fili miya riga da blue kwala kusa wuyansa - dogon blue wuya. Fage da tufafi raba na kowa zinariya Brown launi, yin mutum tsaya fitar da lapel shirt, wanda shi ne cibiyar da abun da ke ciki. Shin, ba Tropinina shine ya embellish bayyanar Pushkin, amma ya yi nasarar sake ƙirƙirarsu da kuma kama babban ibada na mawãƙi ne.

A rabo daga cikin zane-zane

Ban sha'awa rayuwa labarin da hotuna. Sobolewski dauki wani karami kwafin na hoto a Avdotya Petrovna Elagina a gudanar da shi tare da ku. Kuma ko da yake shi da aka za'ayi da fasaha, da dukan jigon da hoto da aka rasa. Kamar yadda masu bincike rubuta, ba ta wuce ciki ƙarfi da kuma motsi cewa Bears asali.

Barin Rasha, Sobolewski ya bar wani hoto na ajiya na wannan Avdote Elaginoy. Duk da haka, bayan da ya dawo daga kasar waje na tsawon shekaru biyar daga baya, na samu wata canza zuwa na ainihi low quality-kwafin.

Original hoto bayyana a cikin tsakiyar 50s a wani kudi-canza shagunan. A 1909, ya kasance a cikin tarin da Tretyakov Gallery, da kuma bayan juyin juya hali, a 1937, ya koma a cikin Union, yanzu National Museum Pushkin, a St. Petersburg.

Yanzu da hoto ne a cikin Memorial Museum-Apartment na Pushkin a kan Embankment Moika 12, wani bangare ne na gidan kayan gargajiya hadaddun.

aiki zargi

Sahaban hada baki gane da kama da real tropininskogo hoto na Pushkin. Amma daya daga cikin masu sukar lura cewa artist iya ba kai da cikakken ganinsu na mawãƙi ne. Wannan shi ne da wuya wata sanarwa iya zama gaskiya, kamar yadda siga da kuma ganinsu na wani hoto na Pushkin nuna gaske wahayi zuwa a lokacin da m turu.

A bambanci ga Kiprensky hoto Tropinin mafi suna fadin, amma shi ne ba na baya zuwa na farko ko a cikin kyakkyawan ikon wani magana.

Vertical Tropinin hoto Kiprensky

Duka wadannan hotuna da aka halitta a cikin shekara guda da kuma nuna guda biyu daban-daban images of da mawãƙi. Vertical Kiprensky aka rubuta a lokacin rani na 1827 da oda na Pushkin ta aboki, A. A. Delviga. An wahayi zuwa gare ta Pushkin, tare da mai zurfi, amma shagala daga ganinsu, warai mayar da hankali. Pushkin aiki Kiprensky cika da solemnity da muhimmanci.

Wannan shi ne halin daban-daban daga abin da aka rubuta Tropinin. Hoto na Pushkin hannunsa, kamar yadda muka ce, ya siffanta da mawãƙi a cikin sunan wani mutum talakawa a cikin gida yanayi da kuma tufafi. Wannan hoton wani kusa da dumi ga viewer.

Sauran images of Pushkin

Bugu da kari ya zama litattafansu hotuna Tropinin da Kiprensky, akwai wasu hotuna na Pushkin. The sosai farko daga cikinsu shi ne wani dada da wani ba a sani ba artist, wanda ya nuna da mawãƙi yana da shekaru game da shekaru uku.

Bayan wannan aka rubuta da yawa hotuna, da kuma sanya kofe kuma lists na classic images of da mawãƙi. Pushkin kansa, da cikakken sanin siffofin fuskarsa, kuma ya kusantar da kai-hotuna a profile, na farko na abin da ya bayyana a cikin shakka daga shirye-shiryen da bazawa na farko Littafin waqe-waqe.

Amma yana da wuya a yi jayayya da cewa duk wani hoto na Pushkin, photos na abin da muka gani a yanar-gizo, ko littattafai, za a iya maye gurbin da na ado yardar ganin asali, nuna a wani art gallery. Kawai a can za ka iya ji da dandano na musamman da kuma ruhu emanating daga yanar gizo, da kuma cikakken fahimta da niyyar da artist.