Tashin Thoracic: halayyar

является основным ее сосудом. Thoracic bututu lymphatic tsarin ne da babban jirgin ruwa. Ana iya samuwa ta hanyoyi da dama. Mun la'akari daki-daki, abin da thoracic bututu.

Anatomy

Ana nuna nau'o'i uku a bango na jirgin ruwa: endothelial, muscular-fibrous da waje. A cikin farko akwai 7-9 manyan ɓaɓɓuka. Cikin membrane-fibrous yana da sphincter a bakin. Maganin farko (na waje) ya girma zuwa ga roƙo, da aorta da spine. Daga farkon a cikin duct, ƙananan ciki, thoracic, rarrabuwa na jiki suna bambanta. A karshen an wakilci a cikin tsari na arc, kuma na farko da biyu suna a cikin wani nau'i na mai tsawo, rarrabe jirgin ruwa wanda ya hada da mai sauka aorta. Sashi na ciki ya wuce ta raguwa a cikin diaphragm a cikin kogin thoracic. проходит по левой боковой плоскости нижних позвонков сзади от нисходящей аорты. A nan, thoracic bututu gudanar tare da gefen hagu na jirgin sama na ƙananan vertebrae na baya na sauko masa lakã. Bugu da ari, shi ya fi kusa da esophagus. A cikin yankin na 2-3rd thoracic vertebra, tarkon yana fitowa daga ƙarƙashin sashin bishiya (gefen hagu). Sa'an nan bayan da na kowa, kuma subclavian arteries yakan zuwa saman budewa. Sa'an nan kuma jirgin ya motsa a gefen hagu da hagu na roƙon. в венозный угол либо ветви, формирующие его, - плечеголовную, подключичную, внутреннюю яремную. A nan, forming da baka, thoracic bututu empties a cikin venous kwana ko rassan kafa shi, - brachiocephalic, subclavian, ciki lakar. A wannan shafin a wani jirgin ruwa da kafa semilunar bawul da sphincter. в длину достигает 1-1,5 см, в редких случаях 3-4 см. Thoracic bututu tsawon kai 1-1.5 cm, a rare lokuta, 3-4 cm.

Formation

образуется: Thoracic bututu da aka kafa:

1. Cikiwar na hanji, lumbar ko duka biyu, da ƙunƙwarar ɓangarorin biyu.
2. Samar da rassan madara. A wannan yanayin, kogin thoracic ya yi kama da ampullar, mai girma mai tasowa.
3. Samar da kawai hanji da kuma lumbar Trunks.

может образовываться и как сетевидное начало в форме петлистого крупного сплетения из чревных, поясничных, брыжеечных ветвей и выносящих сосудов. Thoracic bututu ƙila za a kafa a matsayin reticular-dimbin yawa saman petlistogo manyan celiac plexus, lumbar, mesenteric rassan da efferent tasoshin.

Musamman na tsarin

Sau da yawa, ana nuna bambanci a cikin hoton da kuma tsarin. Musamman, an lura cewa:

1. Shakantarwa na sashen thoracic ko samun ƙarin ƙarin (daya ko dama).
2. Bambance-bambancen daban-daban na hulɗa tare da roko, aorta, daji mai zurfi, esophagus.
3. Falling into the venous (jugular) kusurwa, brachiocephalic, subclavian vein tare da dama ko daya akwati.
4. Gabatar da ampoule kafin wurin shiga cikin tasoshin.
5. Hannun ruwa zasu iya gudana a cikin kusurwar jugular ko kuma kayan jikinta.

Dandalin Thoracic: Duct na lymph daidai

Wannan nau'ikan kuma za'a iya samuwa a hanyoyi daban-daban:

1. Ƙarƙashin ƙananan subclavian, jugular, trunks broncho-mediastinal. . Wannan Forms takaice da kuma fadi da thoracic bututu. An lura da wannan halin a cikin 18-20% na lokuta.
2. Tsarin dama zai iya zama babu gaba daya. Kwancen da ke samar da shi a kai tsaye a cikin kusurwar jugular ko kuma tasoshin da suke samar da shi. An lura da wannan yanayin a cikin 80-82% na lokuta.
3. Akwai rabuwa da ƙananan gajere, madaidaicin madaidaiciya dama kafin shiga cikin kusurwa don 2-3 ko fiye mai tushe. Wannan hanyar bincike ana kiransa da yanar gizo.

Girma

Akwai uku daga gare su:

1. Jakar jugular. An kafa shi ne ta hanyar jiragen ruwa na dindindin. Suna fitowa daga cikin zurfi da na gefe. Wannan kututture yana biye da nau'in ciki na ciki har zuwa kusurwa. A cikin wannan yanki, yana ɓoye a ciki ko tasoshin da suke tsara shi, ko kuma suna cikin ɓangaren ƙirar dama.
2. Ƙunshin maɓallin kewayawa. Sakamakonta ya ƙaddara ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin kwandisai daga gabobi masu tsauri. Gangar tana wucewa kusa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin, yana da sphincter da bawul. Yana buɗewa ko dai a cikin kusurwa da ƙananan jiragen ruwa waɗanda suke samar da shi, ko kuma a cikin dama.
3. Bronchiodiastinal akwati. An kafa shi ta hanyar kwakwalwa ta hanyar kwarjiniya, ɓangaren ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙananan magunguna. A cikin wannan akwati akwai shafuka. Yana buɗewa zuwa korafin dama, ko kusurwa mai tsayi, ko a cikin jiragen ruwa. A karshen sun hada da brachiocephalic, subclavian, jugular vein.

Ƙungiyar kwakwalwa ta hagu ta buɗe a cikin kogin thoracic. Daga ƙananan shinge da ƙananan kwakwalwa zasu iya zub da su a cikin kwakwalwa. A cikin kututtukan lymphatic, kamar yadda a cikin duct, ana nuna nau'i uku na uku: adventitial, muscular-elastic and endothelial.

Magunguna da kuma ƙwayoyin cuta

Capillaries samar da cibiyoyin sadarwa guda biyu. Daya - na waje - yana samuwa a cikin sallar visceral. Na biyu - zurfi - an kafa kusa da lobul da alveoli na huhu, a kusa da rassan tasoshin da bishiya. Gidan cibiyar sadarwa yana wakilta ta haɗuwa da fadi da fadi-fadi. Yana da layi. Ana gabatar da magunguna a cikin nau'i na plexus kuma suna yaduwa a kan dukkan bangarori a cikin sallar viscral. Cibiyar mai zurfi tana da girma uku. Plexus na lobular suna aiki ne na ainihi. Suna aika lymph a cikin 2 hanyoyi. Yana shiga cikin plexus na tasoshin wuta da kuma bronchi, har ma cikin cibiyar sadarwa. Ana kawo rassan a matakin sassan, sun shiga cikin ƙofar da raba. Suna fitowa daga cikin huhu tare da veins kuma sun bude cikin wadannan takaddun visceral:

1. Bronchopulmonary. An rarraba su zuwa cikin ciki da kuma haɓaka. Na farko an samo a cikin sashi da sashin jiki na sashin jiki, karshen - a cikin tushen huhu.
2. Hanyoyin hannu na sama da ƙananan. Suna kwance a ƙarƙashin shinge.

Kwayoyin kwandon ruwa suna gudana zuwa cikin sakonni na intanet da kuma tracheobronchial. Daga cikin waɗannan, suna buɗewa a cikin akwati na bronchodiastinal. A cikin lokuta masu wuya, tasoshin na iya kwarara zuwa cikin kogin thoracic da ƙananan juyawa.