Shirin tare da tsawo tar.gz: yadda za a kafa, mataki-mataki umarnin da shawarwari

A farko bayyanar Internet networks alama low gudu da maras tabbas mahadi. Sai a wannan lokacin shi ya dauki don ƙirƙirar wani bayani, bisa abin da muka iya canja wurin fayiloli da takardu a matsa form don ajiye bandwidth cibiyar sadarwa. An yi kokari da dama fuskanci da lissafi mai tsauri. Kuma a sa'an nan ya shiga cikin kasuwar mai yawa software - WinZip, WinRAR da sauran, samun wani m qafafunku a cikin wannan alkuki. Wadannan kudi sun kasance dacewa ga iyali na Windows tsarukan. A Linux yanayi ne rayayye amfani bzip2 archives, Gzip da kwalta. Shi ne game da wani gungu na karshe biyu da za a tattauna a wannan labarin.

Mene ne kwalta da gz

Tar ne fayil format da cewa shi ne iya taskace a cikinta irin wannan muhimmanci bayanai, kamar fayil ikon mallakar data, tsarin manyan fayiloli da yawa more. A wannan sunan shirin shigar a kan Linux, aiki tare da irin kwalta archives. A wannan kai-damfara kwalta fayiloli iya ba. Saboda haka, domin a rage sakamakon file size, ya yi amfani da wani ɓangare na uku matsawa kayayyakin. Mafi sau da yawa shi ne gzip ko bzip2.

Archiver gzip matsawa Hanyar yana amfani da deflate, wanda za a iya yadda ya kamata rage girman da lossless fayiloli. Gzip The kawai drawback ne ta rashin aiki da mahara fayiloli a lokaci guda. Saboda haka, domin ya haifar da wani archive, shi ne a hade tare da kwalta mai amfani. Saboda haka, don damfara mahara kwalta fayiloli, da farko haifar da daya guda Rumbun fayil, to, wanda aka matsa ta gzip.

Wani mai ban sha'awa alama ne ikon gzip damfara fayiloli, kamar yadda suka ce, "a kan gardama". Kamar haka wannan hanya ake rayayye amfani da yawa bincike ga zirga-zirga matsawa.

Yadda za a kafa tar.gz - fayil ko shirin

A wani Linux yanayi, da kuma musamman Ubuntu, shi ne da yawa fayiloli da kuma shirye-shirye ne wani lokacin samuwa kamar yadda archives tar.gz. Yana iya zama aikace-aikace, sabis fakitoci, ko kawai aiwatar. Saboda haka, duk kara bayanin za a bai wa Ubuntu tsarin aiki. Don fahimtar yadda za a kafa a Ubuntu tar.gz archive, za ka iya misali dauki wani shirin cewa ya zo tare da tushen code.

Alal misali, za ka iya download da app sannu Add, loading wanda yake a cikin jama'a yankin. Wannan samfurin aikin daya sauki aiki - maraba da duniya a cikin mafi kyau hadisin na farko darussa wani shirye-shirye da harshen. Daga cikin versions a mafi kyau ga zabi fresher.

Saboda haka, da fayil sauke, amma yadda za a kafa tar.gz? Very sauki. A Tsarukan aiki kamar Ubuntu ka bukatar ka yi amfani da m. Yana iya sa da keyboard gajerar Ctrl + Alt + t. Taga kama da wannan:

Don kasa kwancewa fayil, kana bukatar ka samu zuwa gare shi. A cikin m, shi za a iya yi ta amfani da cd umurninSa, kuma da ake so shugabanci. Ga misali:

cd Downloads

Bayan shigar da umurninSa, latsa Shigar da key, wanda Ya aika shi zuwa ga kashe. Yanzu da m is located a cikin wannan fayil da saukakkun Rumbun sannu-2.10.tar.gz. Shigar da Dokokin kwalta zxvf sannu-2.10.tar.gz. Its sakamakon zai zama fitarwa zuwa wasan bidiyo a jerin dukan unpacked fayiloli.

Yanzu matsalar da aka zuwa ga babban batu na wannan tambaya na yadda za a kafa a Ubuntu tar.gz archive, - da shiri da kuma tari.

Shiri na shirin fayiloli

Da farko kana bukatar ka kasance da baya a wannan fayil da unpacked fayiloli. Don yin wannan, amfani da cd umurninSa, tantancewa da shugabanci - sannu-2.10. Yanzu a cikin fayil kanta bukatar gudu da umurnin ./configure --help. Ta zai ba tips a kan yadda ya zama dole ka shigar da shirin. A mafi yawan lokuta, mai sau gabatarwar ./configure. Duk da haka, mai amfani ba su da izini su shigar da tsoho shugabanci, wanda shi ne / usr / gida. Saboda haka wajibi ne a saka cewa an aikace-aikace dole ne a kafa a cikin gida fayil na tsarin. Overall cikin tawagar ya dubi kawo karshen kamar wannan:

./configure --prefix = $ HOME

A sakamakon shi, da tsarin za su duba duk dependencies da kuma nuni a karshen 'yan Lines daga cikin nasara halittar fayiloli.

tari

Yanzu dole mu tara cikin shirye sanyi. Ya yi sauki da suke umurni a wannan wajen na unpacked archive. Idan fitarwa ya ƙunshi wani kurakurai, yana nufin cewa da tari ne nasara, shi yanzu ya rage ga fahimtar yadda za a shigar da shirin daga tar.gz a. A saboda wannan dalili, yin shigar. Idan shi ma ba ya dauke da kurakurai, yana nufin cewa duk abin da aka shigar a cikin tsarin, da kuma shi za a iya amfani da su. Amma kafin haka, yana da daraja idan akai la'akari da cewa idan gida directory an kayyade matsayin shigarwa hanya, kana bukatar ka ƙara da shi zuwa ga hanya yanayi m kamar haka:

fitarwa hanya = $ HOME / bin: $ hanya

Yanzu harhada kuma shigar a cikin shirin za a iya gudu daga duk wani shugabanci da kawai kira hello.

A gaskiya kafa wannan musamman shirin na iya zama da sauki kamar yadda kira da dace-samun shigar sannu Ubuntu, shi ne saboda shi yana kunshe ne a cikin repositories. Amma babban saƙon da labarin ya gaya maka yadda za ka saita Rumbun tar.gz. Saboda haka, shirin sannu yi magana a nan wani nau'i ne na Guinea alade. Ya kawai nuna maka yadda za a shigar da kunshin tar.gz. Mun kuma koyi yadda za a fitar da shi, tara da kuma gudanar da tsarin.

Yadda za a kafa tar.gz a Linux Mint

Jobs in Mint kadan ta sha bamban daga Ubuntu. Shin cewa m kira za a iya reassigned zuwa wasu keys. A general yanayin, da algorithm Saita daga tar.gz Rumbun zai zama iri ɗaya:

• download kai tsaye daga tar.gz.
• tar.gz yadda za a kafa da kuma cire shi da aka bayyana kamar sama.
• aiwatar Sanya, sa, da kuma, idan an buƙata, ka shigar.

Basic dokokin kwalta

kwalta shirin zahiri yana m damar, da aiwatar da abin da yake samuwa tare da zabin. Duba cikakken jerin ta kira a m kwalta --help. Domin mafi sauki unpacking amfani da kwalta -xvf da hanyar da fayil. Idan kana bukatar ka saka a gaba wanda Jaka shi ya kamata a yi, da key aka kara -C: kwalta -xvf da hanyar da fayil -C hanya ne zuwa ga makõma fayil. A keys amfani a cikin tawagar, kamar haka:

• -z. Wannan key nuna cewa kana bukatar ka tsallake wannan Rumbun ta hanyar gzip shirin.
• -x. Wannan na nufin, a gaskiya, sosai unpacking.
• -v. Ya ce cewa umurnin za a nuna a allon dukan listing tsari.
• -F. Yana nufin cewa shi ne dole su fitad da kaya Rumbun fayil shi ne gida.

Har ila yau, kafin unpacking, za ka iya ganin abinda ke ciki na fayil kwalta -tf hanyar zuwa fayil umurninSa.

Basic dokokin gzip

gzip shirin kuma za a iya amfani da daban don damfara ko decompress fayiloli. Don ƙirƙirar archive, gudu da umurninsa gzip filename. Conversely, domin unpacking - gunzip filename.gz.

Bugu da kari ga misali dokokin, akwai keys cewa mika da ayyuka na shirin. Key look kamar wannan:

• -H. A amfani da wannan key zai sa a jerin zaɓuɓɓukan da akwaisu da kuma dokokin.
• -q. Tubalan duk bayyana a lokacin da sako.
• -t. Wannan key verifies da mutuncin Rumbun.
• -fast da -best. Wadannan biyu keys sarrafa gudun madadin. mafi kyau - mafi kyau matsawa, amma a hankali. Fast - a kan m, sosai da sauri, amma tare da wani karami yawan archiving.

ƙarshe

Wannan labarin yayi nazari cikin sauki dokokin da kuma nuna yadda za a kafa tar.gz fayil ko shirin a cikin tsarin. Wannan hanya ne kamar for Ubuntu da Mint, kazalika da dama sauran Linux rabawa.

A gaskiya, da yiwuwar kwalta da gzip ne sosai mafi fadi da kuma mafi cikakken nazarin su ne bayan da ikon yinsa, daga wannan labarin.