River Uda: description, photo

Uda River, wanda yake malala a kan ƙasa na Buryatia, shi ne daya daga cikin mafi girma a aikin gandu na Selenga. Tsawon - 467 km, yankin na kwari ne 34 800 sq. km.

sunan

Asalin sunan ne m, akwai da dama versions: daga zamanin d Mongolian kalmar ma'ana Willow, wanda ke tsiro tare da bankuna a yalwace. daga kabilar uduitov, zasu kare ta mangolawa. daga Mongolian "ude" - "noon", domin, a cewar labari, da mahayan dawakai Mongol farko ya zo da mara kogin a wannan lokaci na rana. ko Selkup kalmar "UT" - "ruwa".

Aikin gandu na Uda River

Uda fãra a cikin coniferous gandun daji a yankin kudu maso yamma da Vitim Filato, a tsawon 1055 mita. Main aikin gandu Muhey (93 km), Pogromka (44 km), Egita (55 km), Yana (173 km), Kudun (252 km), Kurba (227 km), Bryanka (128 km). A kogin gudana a southwesterly shugabanci. The sashe daga tushen zuwa mahaɗar tsakãninsu Ona tashar kara m gundumar dinga Vitimsky Filato, to, ya zama mafi karko topography, kuma ya kwarara da ke cikin low ridges (1200-1800 mita), mafi yawan abin da ake daidaitacce a arewa-maso-gabas shugabanci.

sassa na kogin

River Uda da Selenga (ko kuma wajen, su pool) miƙa a latitudinal shugabanci da kuma gaba ɗaya ya ci gaba a garesu. By da yanayin da tsarin da kogin kwari, rafi da tafki yanayi mana ne zuwa kashi biyu yankunan: ga mahaɗar tsakãninsu Ona kuma ta mahaɗar tsakãninsu da bakinka.

A farko sashe (261 km) kogin gudana ta hanyar mai m, wooded, kuma lows a wurare - a swampy yankin. Kwarin Kogin zurfi, dan kadan curving, da nisa ƙaruwa daga kasa a cikin sama da rabin kilomita, har zuwa 5-10 km a karshen rabo. A gangara ne m, mai tsawo na 50 zuwa 300 da mita, hada da dutse da kuma sauran crystalline kankara. Uda kogin gudana shi ne a gare su. Wannan yanki ne dissected aikin gandu riverbeds, bushe ravines, an rufe shi da dazuzzuka da sarƙaƙƙiya. Da nisa daga cikin tashar dabam daga 10 zuwa 40-60 mita, da kuma m bankuna ne m, da talakawan tsawo na 1-2 mita, tare da dukan tsawon overgrown tare da bushes da itatuwa (Pine, larch, Birch, poplar, Willow).

A karo na biyu sashe (206 km) kogin kwarin floodplain da kuma zurfi. Floodplain sun fi mayar bar banki, nisa biyu zuwa uku kilomita bãya, a yankin na Ulan-Ude, kawai 20-50 mita. Akwai dace kama kifi a kan kogin Uda. A surface na floodplain dauke da indented da yawa tashoshi, oxbow tabkuna da kuma ravines. Da nisa daga kasa daga cikin kwarin daga 10-15 ga 19 km, sãsanninta ne m, kasa na terraced, an rufe tare da m coniferous gandun daji. A cikin ƙananan kai na gangara fada, watse kashe m zana hotunan a cikin kogin floodplain. Uda River ne sinuous da kuma karfi da branched tashar, sai dai da na karshe bakwai kilomita. Da nisa daga cikin watercourse, a kan talakawan, daga 70 zuwa 100 m, mafi girma -. Rolls 260 m shirya a nesa na daya da ɗari mita zuwa kilometer na juna, da zurfin a cikin wadannan yankunan ba fiye da 0.7 m, a kan ya kai - a rabin mita. Matsakaicin zurfin -. 3.2 m River ciyarwa da farko tara ruwan sama, amma a wasu shekaru da lambatu girma ya kai 30%. Ambaliyar ruwa a fara a farkon rabin Afrilu, kai wani ganiya a karshen watan, tare da farkon na kankara kwarara. Ruwa da dama da karshen watan Yuni.

A halin da kogin

A lokacin rani da kaka a kan kogin wuce a karkashin biyar ruwan sama da ambaliyar ruwa, zaunanniya daga 20 zuwa 30 days. A mafi ruwa matakin Yunƙurin lura a Agusta da Satumba. Kowane uku zuwa shekaru biyar, da ruwa sama sosai sa ambaliyar ruwa. Daskarewa faruwa a karshen watan Oktoba ko farkon watan Nuwamba, da kankara riqe 155-180 kwanaki, da kuma a cikin sama kai na Uda gaba daya freezes. A kogi da ake amfani da samar da ruwa na kauye Oninoborskogo zuwa ta mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Selenga sanya gandun daji girma gami. Uda crosses ƙasar da dama huruminsa. Tare da m ya kai da dama kauyuka a ranar biyu bankuna na estuary ne babban birnin kasar na Buryatia - Ulan-Ude. Uda River shi ne mai arziki a cikin wadannan iri kifi: Grayling, Tugun, kifi, Pike, cisco, burbot, saboda abin da bankunan sau da yawa za gani kama kifi. A cikin gandun daji na yankin Khorinsky musamman yadda ya kamata farauta Elk, Siberian Roe barewa, ja barewa, daji boar, Lynx, bear.

unguwa

A kan bankunan na kogin akwai ƙauyuka. ruwa rafi kwarin an dauki mafi cigaban a Buryatia. Ulan-Ude ne dake kusa da bakin da lullube 20 km zuwa mahaɗar tsakãninsu da babban watercourse - Selenga.

Haka kuma, da dama, hanyõyi ayi a kusa da kogin. Daya daga cikinsu, wadda ke P436 index da take kaiwa daga cikin babban birnin kasar na Buryatia zuwa Chita. Its tsawon - 200 km. Na biyu, a tsawon kawai 30 km, lullube daga Ulan-Ude ga Khorinsky. A hanya, yake haɗa kan bangaskiya hanyõyi biyu, gadoji da rata daga Bryanka (Uda kwarin) zuwa bakin Hood.