Raka'a bayanai

Unit ne ba a kowane fannin ayyukan mutane a matsayin al'ada m awo wani abu. Volume, tsawon da kuma nauyi - ya fi na kowa daga cikin data kasance mãsu girmansu. A daban-daban nahiyoyi, a harsuna daban-daban, ko da addini, mun yi amfani da wannan ma'auni na nufin. Ga wani mutum shi ne dace, m da kuma m, shi ba ya bukatar wani mataki da za a tuba, wanda sau da yawa take kaiwa zuwa kurakurai.

Da zuwan da kwamfuta a rayuwar mutum, akwai kuma bukatar haifar da guda naúrar na yawa bayani. Eh, irin wannan cewa, ana riskarsa da Sin, da kuma Amirka, da kuma wani kwamfuta a duniya. All shirye-shirye na duniya zai iya amfani da shi a matsayin wani yare gama-gari. Saboda haka akwai wani bit na binary logarithm.

Bit - naúrar na bayanai daidaita da adadin bayanai da kuma dauka kawai biyu dabi'u "a kan" da "kashe" (wanda aka nuna a matsayin 1 da 0). Don kwamfuta zuwa encode da Turanci haruffa, shida ragowa isa, amma ga ganin na hadadden shirye-shirye tsari zai bukatar karin girma na bayanai raka'a cewa sun aro daga Latin prefix lissafi. Ragowa a kwamfuta - shi ne wani lantarki bugun jini da aka kawota daga umurnin post ga zartarwa jiki da kuma rangwamen turu na aikin yi. 0 kuma 1 dokokin ne a cikin daban-daban irin ƙarfin lantarki jeri. Duk wannan ke faruwa a irin wannan babban gudun, m to da canja wurin da bayanai tsakanin kwakwalwa da kuma jijiya endings a cikin jikin mutum.

All shirye-shirye da harsuna ake daura wa binary code. Hotuna canjawa wuri zuwa lantarki nau'i, wasanni da wani software shirin, management na mechanized samar - duk amfani da na kowa bayanai raka'a - bit.

Tara a hatsaisai sarkar ragowa da nunawa sabon bayanai aunawa naúrar: bytes, kilobits, Kilobytes, megabits, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, PB da sauransu.

Byte aka zaci su zama guda takwas ragowa, kuma yana da wata biyu suna - bane kamar yadda a kwamfuta tarihi akwai mafita a matsayin 6-bit bytes da kuma 32-bit, amma yana da kawai software bayani na wasu kamfanoni a kyautata na bayanai naúrar cewa bai ba samu kyawawan sakamako. Amma babban mai takwas-bit byte, don haka ya kira kowa sunan "bane".

Don sauƙaƙe handling na bayanai, da yawan raka'a na bayanai shigar wanda ke aiki a musamman amince tebur irin Unicod, da kuma sauran nau'o'in coding yin amfani da Windows OS ko sauran. Kowace daga cikin alluna da aka yi amfani da manufar da aka nufa. Ga baki-da-fari image yin amfani da wani 8-bit binary tsarin, da kuma ga launi riga 24-bit. Don rubuta da rubutu a cikin kowane harshe na duniya don amfani da 16-bit UNICOD isa.

A lokacin, da talakawan mai amfani shi ne samuwa tasam manyan naúrar na bayanai matsayin terabyte - shi ke 1.024 gigabytes, wanda sune, bi da bi, 1024 gigabytes. Idan ka ninka ta 1024, mun samu yawan megabytes cewa yin up daya terabyte. Idan irin wannan sauki multiplication ci gaba har sai da na farko naúrar, sa'an nan su tũba a kan rana ta fari ga, a wani kalkuleta ba ya shige. Wannan zai zama yawan binary lambobin da ake bukata don cika wannan girma.

A gaskiya, da yawa kera aka gyara amfani a cikin bayar da ma'anar kari kafin kalma kilo, Mega da Giga. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa gagarumin kurakurai da kuma rufe kanta yaudara. Wato, da wuya faifai ne 1 terabyte jiki iya adana a total na 950 megabytes na bayanai. Computer al'umma ya dade miƙa hanyar kauce wa shi.

Kari kafin kalma kilo, mega, kuma haka a kan kasance tare da su ya saba dalilai. Kilo - dubu, Mega - miliyan. Domin kwamfuta kayan aiki zuwa yadda ya kamata amfani da multiplier ba 1000, da kuma 1024. Sunan ya ma ƙirƙira - Kibi. Wancan ne, daidai kari kafin kalma da ninkãwa ne: kibi-, mibi- da kuma bayan.